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Nonlinear metasurfaces have experienced rapid growth recently due to their potential in various applications, including infrared imaging and spectroscopy. However, due to the low conversion efficiencies of metasurfaces, several strategies have been adopted to enhance their performances, including employing resonances at signal or nonlinear emission wavelengths. This strategy results in a narrow operational band of the nonlinear metasurfaces, which has bottlenecked many applications, including nonlinear holography, image encoding, and nonlinear metalenses. Here, we overcome this issue by introducing a new nonlinear imaging platform utilizing a pump beam to enhance signal conversion through four-wave mixing (FWM), whereby the metasurface is resonant at the pump wavelength rather than the signal or nonlinear emissions. As a result, we demonstrate broadband nonlinear imaging for arbitrary objects using metasurfaces. A silicon disk-on-slab metasurface is introduced with an excitable guided-mode resonance at the pump wavelength. This enabled direct conversion of a broad IR image ranging from >1000 to 4000 nm into visible. Importantly, adopting FWM substantially reduces the dependence on high-power signal inputs or resonant features at the signal beam of nonlinear imaging by utilizing the quadratic relationship between the pump beam intensity and the signal conversion efficiency. Our results, therefore, unlock the potential for broadband infrared imaging capabilities with metasurfaces, making a promising advancement for next-generation all-optical infrared imaging techniques with chip-scale photonic devices.

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Oral exfoliative cytology has emerged as a valuable tool in the early detection of oral cancer and other systemic diseases. This review comprehensively examines the current applications and recent advancements in oral exfoliative cytology techniques. We analyzed published literature from the past decade, focusing on methodological improvements, diagnostic accuracy, and emerging applications. Key findings include: (1) Enhanced cell collection and preparation methods have significantly improved sample quality and diagnostic reliability. (2) Integration of molecular markers and DNA analysis with traditional cytomorphological assessment has increased diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for oral cancer detection. (3) Novel applications in systemic disease detection, including diabetes and iron overload disorders, demonstrate the expanding utility of this technique. (4) Computer-assisted analysis and deep learning algorithms show promise in improving diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in standardization and widespread clinical implementation. This review provides a critical evaluation of oral exfoliative cytology's current status and future potential in oral and systemic disease diagnosis.

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Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein secreted by hepatocytes, is pivotal for supplying peripheral tissues with fatty acids for energy production. As if walking on a tightrope, perturbations in the balance of VLDL metabolism contribute to cardiometabolic dysfunction, promoting pathologies such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Despite the advent of lipid-lowering therapies, including statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, risks for cardiovascular events persist. With limitations to currently available CVD therapeutics and no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatment for MASLD, this review summarizes the current understanding of VLDL metabolism that sheds light on novel therapeutic avenues to pursue for cardiometabolic disorders.

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Visceral white adipose tissues (WAT) regulate systemic lipid metabolism and inflammation. Dysfunctional WAT drive chronic inflammation and facilitate atherosclerosis. Adipose tissue-associated macrophages (ATM) are the predominant immune cells in WAT, but their heterogeneity and phenotypes are poorly defined during atherogenesis. The scavenger receptor CD36 mediates ATM crosstalk with other adipose tissue cells, driving chronic inflammation. Here, we combined the single-cell RNA sequencing technique with cell metabolic and functional assays on major WAT ATM subpopulations using a diet-induced atherosclerosis mouse model (Apoe-null). We also examined the role of CD36 using Apoe/Cd36 double-null mice. Based on transcriptomics data and differential gene expression analysis, we identified a previously undefined group of ATM displaying low viability and high lipid metabolism and labeled them as "unhealthy macrophages". Their phenotypes suggest a subpopulation of ATM under lipid stress. We also identified lipid-associated macrophages (LAM), which were previously described in obesity. Interestingly, LAM increased 8.4-fold in Apoe/Cd36 double-null mice on an atherogenic diet, but not in Apoe-null mice. The increase in LAM was accompanied by more ATM lipid uptake, reduced adipocyte hypertrophy, and less inflammation. In conclusion, CD36 mediates a delicate balance between lipid metabolism and inflammation in visceral adipose tissues. Under atherogenic conditions, CD36 deficiency reduces inflammation and increases lipid metabolism in WAT by promoting LAM accumulation.

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Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) is a genetic neurological disease, yet no effective treatment is currently available. Here, we identified five novel intronic variants in SLC20A2 gene from six PFBC families. Three of these variants increased aberrant SLC20A2 pre-mRNA splicing by altering the binding affinity of splicing machineries to newly characterized cryptic exons, ultimately causing premature termination of SLC20A2 translation. Inhibiting the cryptic-exon incorporation with splice-switching ASOs increased the expression levels of functional SLC20A2 in cells carrying SLC20A2 mutations. Moreover, by knocking in a humanized SLC20A2 intron 2 sequence carrying a PFBC-associated intronic variant, the SLC20A2-KI mice exhibited increased inorganic phosphate (Pi) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and progressive brain calcification. Intracerebroventricular administration of ASOs to these SLC20A2-KI mice reduced CSF Pi levels and suppressed brain calcification. Together, our findings expand the genetic etiology of PFBC and demonstrate ASO-mediated splice modulation as a potential therapy for PFBC patients with SLC20A2 haploinsufficiency.

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In recent years, significant attention has been directed toward advancing compact, point-of-care testing (POCT) devices to better deliver patient care and alleviate the burden on the medical care system. Common POCTs, such as blood oxygen sensors, leverage electrochemical sensing in their design. However, conventional electrochemical devices typically use Ag/AgCl reference electrodes, which are likely to release trace amounts of silver ions that contaminate the working electrode, causing rapid deterioration of the devices. This study proposes an effective reference electrode using graphene-coated porous silica spheres (G/PSS) with embedded Prussian blue (PB), denoted PB/G/PSS, designed specifically for small oxygen sensors. PB is a redox species that is an improvement over Ag/AgCl since it is significantly less water-soluble than AgCl. Since PB is an insulator, we dispersed PB in G/PSS, well-conductive mesoporous matrices, to ensure contact between PB clusters and the electrolytes. Moreover, the monodispersed, spherically shaped PB/G/PSS is an advantageous medium for fabricating POCT devices by screen printing. In this study, the open-circuit potential of the PB/G/PSS electrode remained stable within 30 mV for 31 days. The small oxygen sensor assembled through screen printing using PB/G/PSS demonstrated stable operation for several days or more. In contrast, a similar sensor with Ag/AgCl reference electrode rapidly deteriorated within a day. This PB/G/PSS reference electrode with improved stability is expected to be an excellent alternative to the Ag/AgCl system for small electrochemical-based POCT devices.

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This study explores the molecular interplay between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and osteoporosis (OP), aiming to uncover shared gene signatures and pathways for better treatment approaches. Leveraging microarray data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we employed weighted gene coexpression network analysis to identify coexpression modules in SLE and OP, with subsequent protein-protein interaction analysis clarifying the connections among shared genes. Key genes were pinpointed using CytoHubba and random forest algorithms, validated across independent GEO datasets, and further analyzed through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immune infiltration studies. We discovered two highly correlated modules in SLE and OP, isolating 30 shared genes and identifying GBP1, SOCS1, IFI16, and XAF1 as central to both conditions. Notably, XAF1 and GBP1 mRNA levels were significantly elevated in the peripheral blood of SLE patients compared with healthy and RA counterparts, underscoring their potential as biomarkers. GSEA and immune infiltration analyses indicated pronounced immune and inflammatory responses, especially in interferon signaling pathways, implicating these core-shared gene networks in the diseases' pathogenesis. The findings highlight the involvement of GBP1, SOCS1, IFI16, and XAF1 in SLE with concurrent OP and suggest that targeting immune and inflammatory responses, particularly through interferon pathways, may offer therapeutic promise for these intertwined conditions.

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Macrophage efferocytosis, the process by which phagocytes engulf and remove apoptotic cells (ACs), plays a critical role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Efficient efferocytosis prevents secondary necrosis, mitigates chronic inflammation, and impedes atherosclerosis progression. However, the regulatory mechanisms of efferocytosis under atherogenic conditions remain poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that oxidized LDL (oxLDL), an atherogenic lipoprotein, induces mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) in macrophages via CD36. In this study, we demonstrate that macrophage mtROS facilitate continual efferocytosis through a positive feedback mechanism. However, oxLDL disrupts continual efferocytosis by dysregulating the internalization of ACs. This disruption is mediated by an overproduction of mtROS. Mechanistically, oxLDL/CD36 signaling promotes the translocation of cytosolic PKM2 to mitochondria, facilitated by the chaperone GRP75. Mitochondrial PKM2 then binds to Complex III of the electron transport chain, inducing mtROS production. This study elucidates a novel regulatory mechanism of efferocytosis in atherosclerosis, providing potential therapeutic targets for intervention. SUMMARY: Macrophages clear apoptotic cells through a process called efferocytosis, which involves mitochondrial ROS. However, the atherogenic oxidized LDL overstimulates mitochondrial ROS via the CD36-PKM2 pathway, disrupting continual efferocytosis. This finding elucidates a novel molecular mechanism that explains defects in efferocytosis, driving atherosclerosis progression.

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BACKGROUND: Intronic GAA repeat expansion ([GAA] ≥250) in FGF14 is associated with the late-onset neurodegenerative disorder, spinocerebellar ataxia 27B (SCA27B, GAA-FGF14 ataxia). We aim to determine the prevalence of the GAA repeat expansion in FGF14 in Chinese populations presenting late-onset cerebellar ataxia (LOCA) and evaluate the characteristics of tandem repeat inheritance, radiological features and sympathetic nerve involvement. METHODS: GAA-FGF14 repeat expansion was screened in an undiagnosed LOCA cohort (n = 664) and variations in repeat-length were analyzed in families of confirmed GAA-FGF14 ataxia patients. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate the radiological feature in GAA-FGF14 ataxia patients. Clinical examinations and sympathetic skin response (SSR) recordings in GAA-FGF14 patients (n = 16) were used to quantify sympathetic nerve involvement. RESULTS: Two unrelated probands (2/664) were identified. Genetic screening for GAA-FGF14 repeat expansion was performed in 39 family members, 16 of whom were genetically diagnosed with GAA-FGF14 ataxia. Familial screening revealed expansion of GAA repeats in maternal transmissions, but contraction upon paternal transmission. Brain MRI showed slight to moderate cerebellar atrophy. SSR amplitude was lower in GAA-FGF14 patients in pre-symptomatic stage compared to healthy controls, and further decreased in the symptomatic stage. CONCLUSIONS: GAA-FGF14 ataxia was rare among Chinese LOCA cases. Parental gender appears to affect variability in GAA repeat number between generations. Reduced SSR amplitude is a prominent feature in GAA-FGF14 patients, even in the pre-symptomatic stage.

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Myocardial infarction (MI) is an event of heart attack due to the formation of plaques in the interior walls of the arteries. This study is conducted to explore the role of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 47 (USP47) in cardiac function and inflammatory immunity. MI mouse models were established, followed by an appraisal of cardiac functions, infarct size, pathological changes, and USP47 and NLRP3 levels. MI cell models were established in HL-1 cells using anoxia. Levels of cardiac function-associated proteins, USP7, interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), platelet factor-4 (CXCL4), pyroptotic factors, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were determined. The bindings of IRF1 to USP47 and the CXCL4 promoter and the ubiquitination of IRF1 were analyzed. USP47 was upregulated in myocardial tissues of MI mice. USP47 inhibition alleviated cardiac functions, and decreased infarct size, pro-inflammatory cytokines, NETs, NLRP3, and pyroptosis. The ubiquitination and expression levels of IRF1 were increased by silencing USP47, and IRF1 bound to the CXCL4 promoter to promote CXCL4. Overexpression of IRF1 or CXCL4 in vitro and injection of Nigericin in vivo reversed the effect of silencing USP47 on alleviating pyroptosis and cardiac functions. Collectively, USP47 stabilized IRF1 and promoted CXCL4, further promoting pyroptosis, impairing cardiac functions, and aggravating immune inflammation through NLRP3 pathways.

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BACKGROUND: Calcified lesions are one of the most challenging cases for PCI, where optimal angiographic results and satisfying outcomes are hard to achieve. METHODS: We evaluated the baseline clinical, procedures characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe coronary artery calcification (CAC) who underwent coronary intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) and rotational atherectomy (RA). RESULTS: Respectively 152 and 238 patients who underwent IVL and RA are enrolled from January 2023 to November 2023. Regarding demographic characteristics, the gender proportion, medical history of PCI and smoke history among groups reach statistical significance. Left anterior descending and right coronary artery were the main vessels treated in both groups. The 2.5 and 3.0 mm IVL balloons and 1.5 mm burr were the most commonly used. 99.3% cases were successfully implanted drug-eluting stents after IVL balloon pre-treatment, which was higher than in the group treated with RA. During hospitalization, there were no serious adverse events in the IVL group, but there were two adverse events in the RA group. Procedural complications were higher in the RA group than the IVL group (5.5% vs. 0.7%, P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: IVL appears to be safe and effective for the treatment of severe CAC lesions compared to RA.

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Ferritin, a spherical protein shell assembled from 24 subunits, functions as an efficient iron storage and release system through its channels. Understanding how various chemicals affect the structural behavior of ferritin is crucial for unravelling the origins of iron-related diseases in living organisms including humans. In particular, the influence of chemicals on ferritin's dynamics and iron release is barely explored at the single-protein level. Here, by employing optical nanotweezers using double-nanohole (DNH) structures, we examined the effect of ascorbic acid (reducing reagent) and pH on individual ferritin's conformational dynamics. The dynamics of ferritin increased as the concentration of ascorbic acid approached saturation. At pH 2.0, ferritin exhibited significant structural fluctuations and eventually underwent a stepwise disassembly into fragments. This work demonstrated the disassembly pathway and kinetics of a single ferritin molecule in solution. We identified four critical fragments during its disassembly pathway, which are 22-mer, 12-mer, tetramer, and dimer subunits. Moreover, we present single-molecule evidence of the cooperative disassembly of ferritin. Interrogating ferritin's structural change in response to different chemicals holds importance for understanding their roles in iron metabolism, hence facilitating further development of medical treatments for its associated diseases.

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BACKGROUND: With advancements in chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO) recanalization techniques and concepts, the success rate of recanalization has been steadily increasing. However, the current data are too limited to draw any reliable conclusions about the efficacy and safety of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) in CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Herein, we conducted a meta-analysis to confirm the efficacy of DCB in CTO PCI. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science and Embase from inception to July 25, 2023. The primary outcome was major advent cardiovascular events (MACE), including cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), target lesion revascularization (TLR), and target vessel revascularization (TVR). The follow-up angiographic endpoints were late lumen enlargement (LLE), reocclusion and restenosis. RESULTS: Five studies with a total of 511 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Across studies, patients were predominantly male (72.9-85.7%) and over fifty years old. The summary estimate rate of MACE was 13.0% (95% CI 10.1%-15.9%, I2 = 0%, p = 0.428). The summary estimate rates of cardiac death and MI were 2.2% (95% CI 0.7%-3.7%, I2 = 0%, p = 0.873) and 1.2% (95% CI -0.2-2.6%, I2 = 13.7%, p = 0.314), respectively. Finally, the pooled incidences of TLR and TVR were 10.1% (95% CI 5.7%-14.5%, I2 = 51.7%, p = 0.082) and 7.1% (95% CI 3.0%-11.2%, I2 = 57.6%, p = 0.070), respectively. Finally, the summary estimate rates of LLE, reocclusion and restenosis were 59.4% (95% CI 53.5-65.3%, I2 = 0%, p = 0.742), 3.3% (95% CI 1.1-5.4%, I2 = 0%, p = 0.865) and 17.5% (95% CI 12.9-22.0%, I2 = 0%, p = 0.623), respectively. CONCLUSION: Accordingly, DCB has the potential to be used as a treatment for CTO in suitable patients.

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Lensless imagers based on diffusers or encoding masks enable high-dimensional imaging from a single-shot measurement and have been applied in various applications. However, to further extract image information such as edge detection, conventional post-processing filtering operations are needed after the reconstruction of the original object images in the diffuser imaging systems. Here, we present the concept of a temporal compressive edge detection method based on a lensless diffuser camera, which can directly recover a time sequence of edge images of a moving object from a single-shot measurement, without further post-processing steps. Our approach provides higher image quality during edge detection, compared with the "conventional post-processing method." We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by both numerical simulation and experiments. The proof-of-concept approach can be further developed with other image post-processing operations or versatile computer vision assignments toward task-oriented intelligent lensless imaging systems.

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The ecological environment of the middle Yellow River is highly vulnerable. Conducting a scientific assessment of landscape pattern vulnerability holds great significance, as it serves as the basis for the rational construction of the ecological environment in this area. Based on five periods of land use data from the middle Yellow River from 1990 to 2018, the landscape pattern vulnerability index was employed to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of the landscape pattern vulnerability. Furthermore, the influencing factors for landscape pattern vulnerability in different natural geomorphological divisions were explored using an optimal parameters-based geographical detector model. The results showed that:① From 1990 to 2018, cultivated land (which accounted for 36.96 % to 39.97 % of the area) remained the predominant landscape in the middle Yellow River. Among all landscape types, cultivated land and construction land exhibited the most significant changes. The area of cultivated land decreased by 10 185.00 km2, whereas the area of construction land increased by 7 678.46 km2. ② From 1990 to 2018, the landscape pattern was dominated by low and medium vulnerability and accounted for 70 %-80 % of the total area. The high and higher vulnerability areas were concentrated in the loess hilly and gully region, whereas the lower vulnerability area was concentrated in the valley plain and the earth-rock mountain regions. During this period, landscape pattern vulnerability underwent an incipient decrease, followed by a subsequent increase. From 1990 to 2000 and from 2000 to 2005, the changes in the level of landscape pattern vulnerability were dominated by a "reduction in the degree of vulnerability". However, from 2005 to 2010 and from 2010 to 2018, it was mainly an "increase in the degree of vulnerability". ③ Annual precipitation and NDVI were the main factors influencing the vulnerability of landscape patterns, whereas the influencing factors varied across different natural geomorphological divisions:the loess hilly and gully region and the earth-rock mountain region were dominated by natural factors, with annual precipitation and DEM being the dominant factors, respectively; the loess plateau tableland-gully region, valley plain region, and sandy land and desert region were dominated by human factors, with population density, degree of land use, and distance from roads being the dominant factors, respectively. The interaction results of any two influencing factors were manifested as two-factor enhancement or nonlinear enhancement. Risk detection revealed that high vulnerability areas of landscape patterns in different natural geomorphological divisions were distributed over distinct ranges of their corresponding dominant factors. Therefore, in the practices of ecological management in the middle Yellow River, appropriate management strategies should be implemented based on the vulnerability characteristics of different natural landforms, to further improve the ecological management level of the watershed.

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BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) is still uncertain, especially for patients with ischemic left ventricular dysfunction. This study aimed to assess hibernating myocardium (HM), as determined by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET), and to compare the benefits of PCI and optimal medical therapy (OMT). METHODS: A retrospective study collected data from 332 patients with CTO and ischemic left ventricular dysfunction. The study compared patients who underwent PCI or OMT via propensity score matching (PSM) analysis which was performed with a 1:2 matching protocol using the nearest neighbour matching algorithm. The primary endpoint of the study was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiac death, readmission for worsening heart failure (WHF), revascularization and myocardial infarction (MI). RESULTS: After PSM, there were a total of 246 individuals in the PCI and OMT groups. Following Cox regression, hibernating myocardium/total perfusion defect (HM/TPD) was identified as an independent risk factor (hazard ratio (HR): 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.008-1.052, p = .007). The cut-off value of HM/TPD was 38%. The results of the subgroup analysis suggest that for patients with HM/TPD >38%, the OMT group had a greater risk of MACE (p = .035). A sensitivity analysis restricting patients with single-vessel CTO lesions, HM/TPD remained an independent predictor (HR 1.025, 95% CI 1.008-1.043, p = .005). CONCLUSION: HM/TPD is an independent predictor of MACE, and for patients with HM/TPD > 38%, CTO-PCI had a lower risk of MACE compared with OMT. However, further validation is still needed through large-scale studies.

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A State of the Art lecture entitled "Connecting Fibrinolysis and Dyslipidemia" was presented at the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress 2023. Hemostasis balances the consequences of blood clotting and bleeding. This balance relies on the proper formation of blood clots, as well as the breakdown of blood clots. The primary mechanism that breaks down blood clots is fibrinolysis, where the fibrin net becomes lysed and the blood clot dissolves. Dyslipidemia is a condition where blood lipid and lipoprotein levels are abnormal. Here, we review studies that observed connections between impaired fibrinolysis and dyslipidemia. We also summarize the different correlations between thrombosis and dyslipidemia in different racial and ethnic groups. Finally, we summarize relevant and new findings on this topic presented during the 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress. More studies are needed to investigate the mechanistic connections between impaired fibrinolysis and dyslipidemia and whether these mechanisms differ in racially and ethnically diverse populations.

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Allergic reactions can profoundly influence the quality of life. To address the health risks posed by allergens and overcome the permeability limitations of the current filter materials, this work introduces a novel microhoneycomb (MH) material for practical filter applications such as masks. Through a synthesis process integrating ice-templating and a gas-phase post-treatment with silane, MH achieves unprecedented levels of moisture resistance and mechanical stability while preserving the highly permeable microchannels. Notably, MH is extremely elastic, with a 92% recovery rate after being compressed to 80% deformation. The filtration efficiency surpasses 98.1% against pollutant particles that simulate airborne pollens, outperforming commercial counterparts with fifth-fold greater air permeability while ensuring unparalleled user comfort. Moreover, MH offers a sustainable solution, being easily regenerated through back-flow blowing, distinguishing it from conventional nonwoven fabrics. Finally, a prototype mask incorporating MH is presented, demonstrating its immense potential as a high-performance filtration material, effectively addressing health risks posed by allergens and other harmful particles.

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Here, we present a versatile, silver-catalyzed multi-auto-tandem reaction involving enamines, alkynals, and nucleophiles, utilizing the highly reactive intermediate azafulvenium. This method allows for flexible and switchable regiodivergent reactions through either intermolecular or intramolecular nucleophilic attacks, which can be controlled by adjusting the catalytic conditions. A range of site-specific functionalized or polycyclic fused pyrrole products were efficiently produced with a high level of chemocontrol.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is continuously posing high global public health concerns due to its high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to construct a convenient risk model for predicting in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 Omicron variant. A total of 1324 hospitalized patients with Omicron variant were enrolled from Beijing Anzhen Hospital. During hospitalization, the Omicron variant mortality rate was found to be 24.4%. Using the datasets of clinical demographics and laboratory tests, three machine learning algorithms, including best subset selection, stepwise selection, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analyses were employed to identify the potential predictors of in-hospital mortality. The results found that a panel of twenty-four clinical variables (including age, hyperlipemia, stroke, tumor, and several cardiovascular markers) identified by stepwise selection model exhibited significant performances in predicting the in-hospital mortality of COVID-19. The resultant nomogram showed good discrimination, highlighted by the areas under the curve values of 0.88 for 10 days, 0.81 for 20 days, and 0.82 for 30 days, respectively. Furthermore, decision curve analysis showed a significant reliability and precision for the established stepwise selection model. Collectively, this study developed an accurate and convenience risk model for predicting the in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 Omicron.