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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether auricular acupuncture has neuromodulatory effects on the motor cortex of healthy adults. Methods: Fourteen healthy subjects received a real auricular acupuncture stimulation (SF1) session and a sham acupuncture stimulation session. The interval between the two types of stimulation was more than 24 h. A finger dexterity test (taping score and taping speed by using ipad) was assessed, and motor-evoked potentials (MEP) were assessed before and after each stimulation. Results: Before the treatment, there were no significant differences in MEP amplitude, tapping score, or tapping speed (P > 0.05) between the real and sham stimulation conditions. After the treatment, the MEP amplitude, tapping score, and tapping speed in the real stimulation condition increased significantly compared to the pre-stimulation measurements and were significantly higher than those in the sham stimulation condition (P < 0.01). In the sham stimulation condition, the MEP amplitude, tapping score, and tapping speed decreased significantly compared to the pre-stimulation measurements (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture of auricular points can modulate the excitability of the motor cortex area of controlling the upper limbs. Clinical trial registration: [http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx], identifier [ChiCTR2100051608].

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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer due to its lack of treatment options. Patients with TNBC frequently develop resistance to chemotherapy. As epigenetic-based antineoplastic drugs, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have achieved particular efficacy in lymphoma but are less efficacious in solid tumors, and the resistance mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, the GSE129944 microarray dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database was downloaded, and fold changes at the transcriptome level of a TNBC line (MDA-MB-231) after treatment with belinostat were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were used to identify the critical biological processes. Construction and analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were performed to screen candidate genes related to cancer prognosis. A total of 465 DEGs were identified, including 240 downregulated and 225 upregulated genes. The cytokine-cytokine receptor pathway was identified as being significantly changed. Furthermore, the expression of CXCL1 was implicated as a favorable factor in the overall survival of breast cancer patients. With in vitro approaches, we also showed that belinostat could induce the expression of CXCL1 in another 2 TNBC cell lines (BT-549 and HCC-1937). We speculate that belinostat-induced CXCL1 expression could be one of the results of the stress clone evolution of cells after HDACi treatment. These findings provide new insights into clone evolution during HDACi treatment, which might guide us to a novel perspective that various mutation-targeted treatments should be implemented during the whole treatment cycle.

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OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics of time-based prospective memory (TBPM) and event-based prospective memory (EBPM) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) during recovery stage. METHODS: A total of 20 patients with severe TBI were recruited along with another 20 age, gender and education-matched healthy volunteers. The Chinese version of Cambridge Prospective Memory Test was used to assess the TBPM and EBPM characteristics. The TBPM score, EBPM score, time monitoring frequency, cue finding frequency, and whether or not the participants choose to take notes were recorded and compared between patients and controls. RESULTS: The TBPM and EBPM scores (9.05 ± 3.59, 11.35 ± 2.25 respectively) of TBI patients were lower than that of controls (14.95 ± 2.09, 16.45 ± 1.54, respectively) (P < 0.05). Compared with the controls, time monitoring frequency of the patients[times] was less (1 (1, 2) vs 4 (3, 5.25) times) (P < 0.05); cue discovery frequency also less (2 (2, 3) vs 5 (4.25, 5) times). And there were fewer note-taking subjects in TBI group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: With deficits in both the time- and event-based prospective memory, the TBI patients have difficulty of finding time or event cue during interference and auxiliary memory strategy is rarely utilized to realize the prospective memory tasks.

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OBJECTIVE: To establish the methods of calculating and analyzing the multi-coefficient of variation significance test for the toxicology study. METHODS: The paper aimed to confirm the significance level with the method of Bonferroni and then compared the methods of calculating and analyzing of the experiment groups with the control group respectively. RESULTS: The significance level of multi-coefficient of variation significance test was confirmed as alpha1=0.0167. Compared with the control groups, the activity of ALT in serum both in 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg groups did not change in the average significance test, which was not statistically significant (P>0.05), while it changed in the variation significance test, which was of statistical significance (P<0.0167). The activity of AST in serum in 60 mg/kg group did not change in the average significance test (P>0.05), while it changed in the variation significance test (P<0.0167). CONCLUSION: The complete changes of the indexes can only be shown by use of both the average significance test and the variation significance test together.

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