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OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the association between DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair capacity, variations in DSBs-related genes, and the occurrence and prognosis of lung cancer in the Chinese population. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 98 lung cancer patients and 60 healthy individuals. The individual DSBs repair capacity was assessed by measuring changes in γ-H2AX levels after treatment with etoposide. Exonic sequencing of 45 DSBs-related genes was performed on PBMC DNA. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between lung cancer risk and DSBs repair capacity as well as germlines gene variations. Survival analysis employed the Cox proportional hazards regression model, Kaplan-Meier method, and Log-rank test. RESULTS: Lower DSBs repair capacity predicted an increased risk of developing lung cancer (OR = 0.94, 95 %CI = 0.917-0.964, P＜0.001). Among lung cancer patients, higher DSBs repair capacity was associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) during first-line treatment (HR = 1.80, 95 %CI = 1.10-3.00, P = 0.031). Patients with BRCA1 mutations had shorter overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.92, 95 %CI = 1.12-3.28, P = 0.018). Patients with FOXO3 mutations had shorter PFS (HR = 4.23, 95 %CI = 1.44-12.36, P = 0.009). Analysis of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) indicated that LIG4 mutations were associated with shorter PFS (HR = 2.90, 95 %CI = 1.00-8.10, P = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS: This study concludes that assessing DSBs repair capacity holds promise for predicting both lung cancer risk and prognosis in the Chinese population. Further large-scale studies and functional validation of specific gene mutations related to double-strand breaks are necessary for confirmation.

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Objective:To investigate mevalonic acid(MEV)on reversing the antitumor effects of fluvastatin sodium(FS)on tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)cells.Methods:TSCC HSC-4 cells were treated with different concentrations of FS and MEV re-spectively or in combination.Cell counting kit-8,flow cytometry,wound healing,immunofluorescence and western blotting assays were conducted to examine cell proliferation,apoptosis and migration capacities,as well as the expression levels of Ras homolog family member A(RHOA),tissue factor(TF)and B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X(BAX)proteins,respectively.Results:FS inhibited HSC-4 cell proliferation and migration,decreased the expression of RHOA and TF,and increased BAX expression.MEV reversed the above antitumor effects of FS and promoted intracellular RHOA and TF expression.Conclusion:MEV reverses the antitumor effects of FS on HSC-4 cells in vitro.

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Objective:To investigate the efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in treating postoperative hemorrhage in the gallbladder-pancreas-duodenum(GPD) region.Methods:The clinical data of 39 patients with postoperative hemorrhage in the GPD region who underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from July 2018 to August 2022 were analyzed retrospectively, clinical regression was compared between TAE-treated and non-TAE-treated patients, and the concordance between DSA and enhanced CT for bleeding indications was analyzed using the Kappa test.Results:Among 39 patients, DSA examination suggested bleeding in 26 patients (66.7%), which were gastroduodenal artery hemorrhage in 4 cases, common hepatic artery and branches in 6 categories, superior mesenteric artery and branches in 6 cases, pancreaticoduodenal artery and branches in 4 cases, pancreatic aorta in 3 cases, splenic artery in 2 cases, and gastric left artery in 1 case. Positive DSA signs manifested as contrast spillage alone in 18 cases (69.2%), pseudoaneurysm alone in 7 cases (26.9%), and pseudoaneurysm with contrast spillage in 1 case (3.8%). 26 patients underwent TAE with a technical success rate of 96.2% (25/26), a clinical success rate of 88.5% (23/26) and a rebleeding rate of 7.7% (2/26). 13 patients didn't undergo TAE and the rebleeding rate was 30.8%(4/13). 14 patients underwent enhanced CT in the same period of DSA, showed low concordance with DSA in determining the presence or absence of bleeding, with a Kappa value of 0.462.Conclusions:TAE is a safe and effective treatment for postoperative hemorrhage in the GPD region. Patients without TAE treated should be alert for rebleeding. When postoperative hemorrhage is suspected, the consistency between enhanced CT and DSA examination results is limited, and DSA examination should be preferred.

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ObjectiveTo analyse the clinical characteristics of different traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes in patients with heart failure based on information from electronic medical record. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to collect clinical data of all inpatients with heart failure in the Department of Cardiology， Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1， 2019 to December 31， 2020. A database of clinical TCM data was established to explore the characteristics of clinical data of basic information， syndromes and syndrome element types， and biochemical indexes. The distribution of TCM syndromes and syndrome elements in heart failure patients were also analysed， and the basic information and biochemical indexes of the patients with top 7 different TCM syndrome types were compared. ResultsA total of 1676 inpatients with heart fai-lure were included. The top 7 TCM syndromes of heart failure were syndrome of phlegm turbidity and blood stasis （477 cases， 28.46%）， syndrome of qi deficiency and blood stasis （439 cases， 26.19%）， syndrome of qi deficiency and blood stasis with water retention （274 cases， 16.35%）， syndrome of yang deficiency with water retention （145 cases， 8.65%）， syndrome of qi and yin deficiency （104 cases， 6.21%）， syndrome of qi and yin deficiency with blood stasis （80 cases， 4.77%）， syndrome of heart yang deficiency （59 cases， 3.52%）. Among the 1676 patients， 6 syndrome elements accounted for more than 5%. Blood stasis accounted for the highest proportion of TCM syndrome element type （1292 cases， 77.09%）， followed by qi deficiency （919 cases， 54.83%）， phlegm （498 cases， 29.71%）， water retention （434 cases， 25.89%）， yang deficiency （215 cases， 12.82%） and yin deficiency （191 cases， 11.40%）. Among the 1676 patients， 1308 cases of acute heart failure mainly showed syndrome of phlegm turbidity and blood stasis （386 cases， 29.51%）， and 368 of chronic heart fai-lure mainly showed syndrome of qi deficiency and blood stasis （118 cases， 32.07%）. Patients with syndrome of phlegm turbidity and blood stasis had the shortest disease duration of 0.3 months， while those with syndrome of heart yang deficiency had the longest disease duration of 15 months. The proportion of syndrome of phlegm turbidity and blood stasis was the highest in patients with heart failure combined with coronary artery disease， the proportion of syndrome of qi deficiency and blood stasis with water retention was the highest in patients with heart failure combined with atrial fibrillation， and the proportion of patients with syndrome of qi deficiency and blood stasis with water retention and syndrome of yang deficiency with water retention in those applying diuretics during the hospital stay was the highest with more than 86%. The different 7 TCM syndromes showed statistically difference in patients with complications including coronary artery disease， old myocardial infarction， atrial fibrillation， pre and post-admission medication usage including intravenous vasodilators， cardiac stimulants， diuretics， and level of blood chloride， blood urea， blood creatinine， blood bicarbonate， blood albumin， and blood total bilirubin （P＜0.05）. ConclusionThe most common TCM syndromes in patients with heart failure are syndrome of phlegm turbidity and blood stasis and syndrome of qi deficiency and blood stasis. Different TCM syndromes have different characteristics in gender， disease complications， medication before and after admission， and blood indexes.

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Objective@#To evaluate the image quality of novel dark-blood computed tomography angiography (CTA) imaging combined with deep learning reconstruction (DLR) compared to delayed-phase CTA images with hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR), to visualize the cervical artery wall in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TAK). @*Materials and Methods@#This prospective study continuously recruited 53 patients with TAK (mean age: 33.8 ± 10.2 years; 49 females) between January and July 2022 who underwent head-neck CTA scans. The arterial- and delayed-phase images were reconstructed using HIR and DLR. Subtracted images of the arterial-phase from the delayed-phase were then added to the original delayed-phase using a denoising filter to generate the final-dark-blood images. Qualitative image quality scores and quantitative parameters were obtained and compared among the three groups of images: Delayed-HIR, Dark-blood-HIR, and Dark-blood-DLR. @*Results@#Compared to Delayed-HIR, Dark-blood-HIR images demonstrated higher qualitative scores in terms of vascular wall visualization and diagnostic confidence index (all P < 0.001). These qualitative scores further improved after applying DLR (Dark-blood-DLR compared to Dark-blood-HIR, all P < 0.001). Dark-blood DLR also showed higher scores for overall image noise than Dark-blood-HIR (P < 0.001). In the quantitative analysis, the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) values between the vessel wall and lumen for the bilateral common carotid arteries and brachiocephalic trunk were significantly higher on Darkblood-HIR images than on Delayed-HIR images (all P < 0.05). The CNR values were significantly higher for Dark-blood-DLR than for Dark-blood-HIR in all cervical arteries (all P < 0.001). @*Conclusion@#Compared with Delayed-HIR CTA, the dark-blood method combined with DLR improved CTA image quality and enhanced visualization of the cervical artery wall in patients with TAK.

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ObjectiveTo analyze the current state, research hotspots, and development trends of electroencephalography (EEG) applied in the field of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). MethodsRelevant literature from the Web of Science core collection database from January, 2014 to January, 2024 were retrieved and analyzed using CiteSpace 6.2.R4. ResultsA total of 1 509 articles were included, with an increasing trend in publication volume over the years. The United States ranked highest in both publication volume and node centrality. The primary journals in this field were concentrated in clinical medicine, immunology and psychology. Keyword co-occurrence and clustering indicated that research primarily focused on the correlation between core symptoms of ASD and EEG indicators, differential diagnosis of ASD and its comorbidities, brain functional connectivity, and assessment of rehabilitation efficacy. Keywords bursted in the past three years mainly included artificial intelligence and machine learning. ConclusionThe researches in EEG technology in the field of ASD is generally increasing. Future researches may focus on exploring the brain network mechanisms of ASD using EEG combined with multimodal neuroimaging, and machine learning technologies.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Loneliness is detrimental to mental health, with university students at higher risk of feeling lonely than other population groups. The mental health of college students is a hot topic at present. Despite numerous studies exploring interventions for loneliness among university students. However, little research has explored early psychological manifestations of university students with different levels of loneliness. Despite numerous studies exploring interventions for loneliness among university students, little research has explored early psychological manifestations of university students with different levels of loneliness. Initial sandplay is a good tool to reveal psychological activity. Therefore, our study aims to explore the characteristics of initial sandplay application among university students with different levels of loneliness. METHODS: We recruited 60 volunteers from a university to perform a sandplay experiment from January to April 2021. The UCLA Loneliness Scale measured the levels of loneliness. These 60 participants were divided into the experimental group (n = 30) and control group (n = 30) according to their levels of loneliness. The experimental group included participants with a scale score of more than 44. Other participants with a scale score of less than 44 belong to the control group. We recorded their sandplay artwork and statistically analyzed it by the Sandplay Process Record Form. Group comparisons were performed using the t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables, and the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables. The logistic regression analysis by forward stepwise method was conducted to analyze the sandplay theme features for loneliness. RESULTS: Regarding the sandplay tools, the experimental group used fewer transportation tools (t=-3.608, p < 0.01) and more natural elements (t = 2.176, p < 0.05) than the control group. Moreover, the experimental group created more natural scenes (χ2 = 4.310, p < 0.05) and used less of the lower left (χ2 = 4.593, p < 0.05) and lower right (χ2 = 5.934, p < 0.05) spaces. With regards to sand changes, the experimental group was less likely than the control group to make substantial changes (χ2 = 5.711, p < 0.05) and more likely to make almost no changes (χ2 = 4.022, p < 0.05). In terms of the themes, the experimental group was more likely to exhibit sandplay artwork themes of emptiness (χ2 = 8.864, p < 0.05) and neglect (χ2 = 6.667, p < 0.05), and less likely to show themes of energy (χ2 = 5.079, p < 0.05). In the logistic regression analysis of the sandplay themes, emptiness (OR = 5.714, 95%CI: 1.724-18.944, p = 0.003) and neglect (OR = 7.000, 95%CI: 1.381-35.479, p = 0.010) were demonstrated a nominal association with high levels of loneliness among both groups (F = 16.091, p < 0.01, ΔR2 = 0.193), but failed to pass the Bonferroni testing correction (p threshold < 0.0025). CONCLUSION: University students with higher degree of loneliness do not like to drastic changes and prefer to use natural elements in element selection, while the control group likes to drastic changes and prefers to use transportation tools in element selection. Regression analysis of sandplay theme features revealed emptines and neglect may as significant associated factors for loneliness. We propose sandplay characteristics can help identify university students with different levels of loneliness during psychological evaluations. Therefore, it is important that the school and healthcare systems assist college students in identifying the loneliness through initial sandplay and carrying on the necessary psychological counseling to the lonely student population.

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Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a rare, dominantly inherited multisystem developmental disorder characterized by highly variable manifestations of growth and developmental delays, upper limb involvement, hypertrichosis, cardiac, gastrointestinal, craniofacial, and other systemic features. Pathogenic variants in genes encoding cohesin complex structural subunits and regulatory proteins (NIPBL, SMC1A, SMC3, HDAC8, and RAD21) are the major pathogenic contributors to CdLS. Heterozygous or hemizygous variants in the genes encoding these five proteins have been found to be contributory to CdLS, with variants in NIPBL accounting for the majority (>60%) of cases, and the only gene identified to date that results in the severe or classic form of CdLS when mutated. Pathogenic variants in cohesin genes other than NIPBL tend to result in a less severe phenotype. Causative variants in additional genes, such as ANKRD11, EP300, AFF4, TAF1, and BRD4, can cause a CdLS-like phenotype. The common role that these genes, and others, play as critical regulators of developmental transcriptional control has led to the conditions they cause being referred to as disorders of transcriptional regulation (or "DTRs"). Here, we report the results of a comprehensive molecular analysis in a cohort of 716 probands with typical and atypical CdLS in order to delineate the genetic contribution of causative variants in cohesin complex genes as well as novel candidate genes, genotype-phenotype correlations, and the utility of genome sequencing in understanding the mutational landscape in this population.

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Virtually all living cells are encased in glycans. They perform key cellular functions such as immunomodulation and cell-cell recognition. Yet, how their composition and configuration affect their functions remains enigmatic. Here, we constructed isogenic capsule-switch mutants harboring 84 types of capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) in Streptococcus pneumoniae. This collection enables us to systematically measure the affinity of structurally related CPSs to primary human nasal and bronchial epithelial cells. Contrary to the paradigm, the surface charge does not appreciably affect epithelial cell binding. Factors that affect adhesion to respiratory cells include the number of rhamnose residues and the presence of human-like glycomotifs in CPS. Besides, pneumococcal colonization stimulated the production of interleukin 6 (IL-6), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and monocyte chemoattractantprotein-1 (MCP-1) in nasal epithelial cells, which also appears to be dependent on the serotype. Together, our results reveal glycomotifs of surface polysaccharides that are likely to be important for colonization and survival in the human airway.

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The toxicity of bromide to animals and microorganisms has been widely studied, but the mechanism by which bromide toxicity affects plants is rarely studied. This study used the bromophenol compound Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) as a representative of bromide to explore the physiological and molecular response mechanism of tobacco leaves to TBBPA. In addition, physiological determination, transcriptomics, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) analysis, and random forest prediction model were conducted. The findings from this study indicated that TBBPA limited the photoreaction process by destroying the light-catching antenna protein of tobacco leaves, the activity of the photosystem reaction centers (PSII and PSI), and the linear electron transport efficiency. TBBPA also reduced the rate of the Calvin-Benson cycle by inhibiting the activities of gene such as Rubisco, PGK, and TPI, and finally destroyed the photosynthesis process. Although cyclic electron transport was enhanced under stress conditions, it could not reverse the damage caused by TBBPA on photosynthesis. TBBPA exposure resulted in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tobacco leaves, and the activities of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and their coding genes were significantly down-regulated. Although POD activity and proline (Pro) content were increased, they were insufficient to remove excess O2·- free radicals to relieve ROS stress. WCGNA and random forest models predicted that the damage of TBBPA to the above processes in tobacco was closely related to the increase in abscisic acid (ABA) content. TBBPA affects the Calvin cycle by inducing ABA signal transduction and stomatal closure, which leads to a series of chain reactions, such as electron transport chain obstruction, excess of ROS, decrease in chlorophyll synthesis, and photosystem reaction center damage.

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Spermatogenesis is regulated by several Y chromosome-specific genes located in a specific region of the long arm of the Y chromosome, the azoospermia factor region (AZF). AZF microdeletions are the main structural chromosomal abnormalities that cause male infertility. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been used to overcome natural fertilization barriers, allowing infertile couples to have children. However, these techniques increase the risk of vertical transmission of genetic defects. Despite widespread awareness of AZF microdeletions, the occurrence of de novo deletions and overexpression, as well as the expansion of AZF microdeletion vertical transmission, remains unknown. This review summarizes the mechanism of AZF microdeletion and the function of the candidate genes in the AZF region and their corresponding clinical phenotypes. Moreover, vertical transmission cases of AZF microdeletions, the impact of vertical inheritance on male fertility, and the prospective direction of research in this field are also outlined.

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Objective To investigate the effect of high sodium diet on the prevalence and mortality of gastric cancer in Xi'an , and to provide reference for its clinical treatment and prevention. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 604 inpatients in tertiary hospitals in Xi'an from 2018 to 2020, and data including medical history, medication use, daily sodium intake and gastric cancer incidence were collected. A one-year follow-up was completed, and all-cause mortality was recorded during the follow-up period. Results A total of 604 cases , there were 81 cases of gastric cancer and 523 cases of non-gastric cancer, with a prevalence rate of 13.41%. Among patients with gastric cancer, 49 (8.11%) were male and 32 (5.30%) were female. There were 9 cases (1.49%) aged 30-40 years, 14 cases (2.32%) aged 41-50 years, 27 cases (4.47%) aged 51-60 years and 31 cases (5.13%) aged 60 years and above. The gastric cancer and non-gastric cancer patients yielded no statistical difference in terms of age, gender and medical history (P>0.05), while the proportion of sodium intake was significantly higher in gastric cancer patients than in non-gastric cancer patients (P<0.05). Logistics analysis showed that high sodium diet was a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer (P<0.05). The proportion of high sodium diets was 40.89% (247/604) in all selected individuals, 72.84% (59/81) in gastric cancer patients and 35.95% (188/523) in non-gastric cancer patients. The proportion of patients on a high sodium diet demonstrated statistical difference between gastric cancer and non-gastric cancer patients (P<0.05). One-year follow-up showed that 58 of 81 gastric cancer patients survived (71.60%) and 23 died (28.40%), including 20 survivors (34.48%) and 17 deaths (73.91%) on a high-sodium diet. Significant difference was found in the proportion of patients on high sodium diet between dead and surviving gastric cancer patients (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence and mortality rate of gastric cancer caused by high sodium diet is high among residents in Xi'an , clinical guidance on sodium intake is of great importance to patients.

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【Objective】 To investigate the relationship between serum reproductive hormones and sperm parameters and outcomes of micro-testicular sperm extraction (Micro-TESE). 【Methods】 Clinical data of 1 091 patients treated in our hospital during Jan. and Dec.2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the sperm concentration,the patients were divided into non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) group (group A,n=418),normal sperm concentration group (group B,n=615),mild to moderate oligospermia group (group C,n=18),severe oligospermia group (group D,n=18),and obstructive azoospermia group (group E,n=22). In group A,244 cases treated with Micro-TESE were grouped into the sperm-acquired group (Micro-TESE positive group,n=82) and non-sperm-acquired group (Micro-TESE negative group,n=162),and according to the pathological types of testicular tissue,the patients were divided into normal testicular tissue with hypospermatogenesis group (HYPO group,n=129),maturation arrest group (MA group,n=10),and support-only cell syndrome group (SCO group,n=122). Differences in semen parameters and reproductive hormone levels were compared,and relationship between reproductive hormones and sperm parameters and Micro-TESE outcomes was determined with Pearson correlation analysis. 【Results】 In the sperm concentration subgroup,the testicular volume of group A was lower than that of group B and group E (P<0.05); the levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in group A were the highest (P<0.05),but the level of testosterone (T) was the lowest (P<0.05); the levels of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) and serum inhibin B (INHB) in group A were lower than those in group B and group E (P<0.05),the normal sperm morphology rate in group B was higher than that in group A and group E (P<0.05); the percentage of forward moving sperm in group B was the highest (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that sperm concentration,normal sperm morphology rate,and percentage of forward moving sperm were negatively correlated with age,FSH,LH (P<0.05),and positively correlated with testicular volume,T,AMH,and INHB (P<0.05). NOA patients were grouped according to testicular histology and pathology. The INHB in the SCO group was the smallest of the three groups (P<0.05); the FSH and LH levels in the SCO group were higher than those in the MA group (P<0.05),while the 17β-estradiol (E2) levels in the HYPO group were higher than those in the SCO group (P<0.05). NOA patients were grouped according to the results of Micro-TESE surgical treatment. There was a statistically significant difference in AMH and INHB levels between the Micro-TESE positive and negative groups (P<0.05). The binary logistic regression analysis of factors affecting the Micro-TESE outcomes of NOA patients showed AMH was negatively correlated with the Micro-TESE outcome (OR=0.904,95%CI:0.91-1.08,P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Age,FSH,LH,AMH,and INHB are correlated with sperm concentration,normal sperm morphology rate,and percentage of forward moving sperm. The INHB level was the lowest in the SCO group. The results of Micro-TESE in patients with NOA can be predicted by serum AMH level.

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The development and potential application of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is closely related to the human brain, so that the ethical regulation of BCI has become an important issue attracting the consideration of society. Existing literatures have discussed the ethical norms of BCI technology from the perspectives of non-BCI developers and scientific ethics, while few discussions have been launched from the perspective of BCI developers. Therefore, there is a great need to study and discuss the ethical norms of BCI technology from the perspective of BCI developers. In this paper, we present the user-centered and non-harmful BCI technology ethics, and then discuss and look forward on them. This paper argues that human beings can cope with the ethical issues arising from BCI technology, and as BCI technology develops, its ethical norms will be improved continuously. It is expected that this paper can provide thoughts and references for the formulation of ethical norms related to BCI technology.

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Objective:To discuss the clinical effect of endovascular treatment of 15 patients with spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection(SISMAD).Methods:The clinical data of 15 patients with SISMAD treated with endovascular stent in Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2016 to July 2022 were collected and analyzed. The white blood cell, neutrophil percentage (NEUT%) and D-Dimer at admission, day 1 and day 3 after operation were analyzed and compared retrospectively. The time of abdominal pain at admission, YOO classification, angle from superior mesenteric artery to abdominal aorta(ASA), conservative treatment time, operation time, type and length of stent, vascular remodeling rate and long-term patency rate of stent were analyzed. The measurement data conforming to normal distribution was expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Measurement data of skewed distribution were expressed as M ( Q1, Q3), and non-parametric test was used for comparison between groups. Count data were expressed as rate or component ratio(%). The same variable was compared at different time points by repeated measurement data analysis of variance. Results:There were significant differences in white blood cell, NEUT% and D-Dimer between admission and postoperative day 3 in 15 patients. The time to admission for abdominal pain was 24.0(15.0, 78.0) hours. IVS type accounted for 46.7% of YOO type, and the ASA beyond 60° accounted for 66.7%. The conservative treatment time was (34.0±8.6) hours, moreover, the operation time was(153.0±37.8) min. Besides, self-expanding bare stent accounted for 85% of the stent types, moreover, the length of the stents beyond 60 cm was 50%. All patients were followed up for more than 24 months, and the vascular remodeling rate was(89.7±9.7)%.Conclusion:Endovascular self-expanding thin-wall stent placement has better vascular remodeling rate and patency rate for patients with IVS type.

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Objective:To analyze the safety and efficacy of G-iliac? iliac branch device (IBD) in the treatment of common iliac artery aneurysm.Methods:The clinical data of 7 patients with common iliac artery aneurysm who were treated with G-iliac? IBD and internal iliac artery (IIA) preserved were retrospectively analyzed in the Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from June 2021 to June 2022, and the surgical effects and related complications were analyzed.Results:All 7 patients were male, aged from 57 to 80 years, with an average age of 70.9 years. There were 6 cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm combined with common iliac artery aneurysm and 1 case of simple common iliac artery aneurysm, all of them were successfully applied with G-iliac? IBD to preserve IIA. Cardiogenic shock occurred in 1 patient after the operation. 7 patients were followed up for 3-15 months, with an average of 8 months. During the follow-up period, the iliac artery and IIA stents were all patency, and there was no IBD-related endoleak, stent displacement, buttock claudication, sexual dysfunction, or aortic-related death. The diameter of abdominal aortic aneurysm and common iliac artery aneurysm were stable.Conclusion:For patients with common iliac artery aneurysm, preservation of IIA with G-iliac? IBD is a safe and effective technique with a high technical success rate and IIA patency rate, and has a low complication rate, but the long-term effect still requires more data and longer follow-up data to support.

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Objective:To observe the effects of Banxia Shumi Decoction on 5-HT 1AR, 5-HT 2AR, 5-HT, and 5-HIAA of chronic insomnia (CI) rats with internal obstruction of phlegm-damp (IOPD) type, to investigate the mechanisms of Banxia Shumi Decoction on resolving and draining dampness, guiding yang into yin and tranquilizing mind. Methods:A total of 48 Wistar rats were divided into control group, model group, Banxia Shumi Decoction low-dosage group, medium-dosage group, high-dosage group, and diazepam group according to random number table method, with 8 rats in each group. Except the control group, the CI with IOPD rats model were prepared by the method of "high-fat diet + single-platform water environment" in other groups. The rats in the Banxia Shumi Decoction low-, medium-, high-dosage group were treated with Banxia Shumi Decoction by gavage at the dose of 4.69, 9.38 and 18.75 g/kg respectively, the rats in the diazepam group were given 0.52 mg/kg diazepam aqueous solution by gavage, and the rats in the control group and model group were given the equal volume normal saline, once a day for consecutive 2 weeks. The mRNA expressions of 5-HT 1AR, 5-HT 2AR in rat brain stem were detected by qPCR, the protein expressions of 5-HT 1AR, 5-HT 2AR in rat brain raphe nucleus were detected by Western blot, and the contents of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in rat brain stem were determined by HPLC-MS. Results:Compared with model group, the expression of 5-HT 1AR mRNA significantly increased in the Banxia Shumi Decoction low-, medium-, high-dosage group, and diazepam group ( P<0.01); the expression of 5-HT 2AR mRNA significantly decreased in the Banxia Shumi Decoction high-dosage group and diazepam group ( P<0.05), and the expression of 5-HT 1AR and 5-HT 2AR significantly increased in the Banxia Shumi Decoction high-dosage group and diazepam group ( P<0.05 or P<0.01); 5-HT content significantly increased in the Banxia Shumi Decoction medium-, high-dosage group and diazepam group ( P<0.05 or P<0.01); 5-HIAA content significantly increased in the Banxia Shumi Decoction low-, medium-, high-dosage group, and diazepam group ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion:Banxia Shumi Decoction may intervene CI with IOPD type and perform the actions of resolving and draining dampness, guiding yang into yin and tranquilizing mind by regulating the expressions of 5-HT 1AR, 5-HT 2AR, 5-HT and 5-HIAA.

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Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of 3D-arterial spin labeling (ASL) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in the occlusion and collateral circulation (CC) of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods:From January 2019 to June 2020, 53 cases of AIS patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in Langfang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected as the research objects. All patients underwent DSA and 3D ASL examination. According to the gold standard of DSA, the diagnostic value of proximal intra-arterial signal (IAS) in 3D-ASL was observed, and the clinical value of distal IAS in the diagnosis of lateral CC was observed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify risk factors for poor outcome in AIS patients.Results:There were 31 cases with good collateral circulation judged by DSA. Taking DSA as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of digital IAS in diagnosing CC status were 93.55%, 81.82%, 87.88%, 90.00% and 88.68%, respectively. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of patients with good CC assessed by 3D-ASL was lower than that of patients with poor CC at admission, and the good prognosis rate at discharge was higher than that of patients with poor CC, with statistically significant difference (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in clinical data between patients with good CC and those with poor CC, such as gender, age, history of atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, drinking, onset to treatment time, treatment methods, etc (all P>0.05). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that poor CC assessed by ASL was a risk factor for poor prognosis in AIS patients ( OR=5.897, P<0.05). Conclusions:The proximal and distal IAS of 3D-ASL can provide important diagnostic clues for detecting arterial occlusion and collateral perfusion in patients with AIS, and the detection of CC by ASL is of great value for prognosis.

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Objective:To explore the predictors of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) invading muscle.Methods:The preoperative clinical data of 169 patients with UTUC who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) in the Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from August 2019 to September 2021 were retrospectively collected. The average age of the patients was (67.7±8.3)years. There were 95 male cases (56.2%).15 cases (15.8%) were with diabetes, 46 cases (48.4%) with hypertension, 68 cases (71.6%) with hematuria, 44 cases (46.3%) with renal pelvis tumor, 74 cases (77.9%) with hydronephrosis and 8 cases (8.4%) with multifocality. There were 15 (20.3%), with diabetes, 40(54.1%) with hypertension, 58(78.4%)with hematuria, 32(43.2%) with renal pelvis tumor, 60(81.1%) with hydronephrosis and 2(2.7%) with multifocality among 74 female patients(43.8%), respectively. Patients’ body mass index (BMI) was (24.2±3.2) kg/m 2.The tumor diameter was (3.4±1.8) cm. The average count of neutrophil (NEU) was (4.2±1.7) ×10 9/L, with monocyte (MON) (0.4±0.2) ×10 9/L, platelet (PLT) (237.8±75.3) ×10 9/L and lymphocyte (LYM) (1.7±0.5) ×10 9/L. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was 2.7±1.4. Mmonocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) was 0.3±0.1 and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was 151.1±59.6. The concentrations of hemoglobin (Hb) and fibrinogen (FIB) were (127.1±18.3) g/L and(3.5±1.0) g/L. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed on all preoperative data, and a nomogram was established to predict UTUC invading muscle by stepwise regression combined with multivariate logistic analysis. Concordance index (C-index) was used to evaluate the accuracy of the model, and Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to check the fit. Using 1000 bootstrap resampling to validate the model and draw calibration plot. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to determine the most appropriate cut-off point of the model to predict tumor invasion and evaluate its sensitivity and specificity. Results:In this study, there were 169 cases. Postoperative pathological results showed that 18 cases (10.6%) were of low grade and 151 cases (89.4%) were of high grade. There were 2 patients (1.2%) with pT a stage, 44 patients (26.0%) with pT 1 stage, 37 patients (21.9%) with pT 2 stage, 81 patients (47.9%) with pT 3 stage and 5 patients (3.0%) with pT 4 stage. According to tumor stage, 46 patients were included into non-muscle invasive disease (NMID, pT a/T is/T 1) group and 123 patients were included into muscle invasive disease (MID, pT 2/T 3/T 4) group. Univariate analysis showed that hydronephrosis ( OR=2.919, 95% CI 1.332-6.387, P=0.007) was significantly correlated with MID. Tumor location in ureter ( OR=1.898, 95% CI 0.960-3.800, P=0.067), higher NLR value ( OR=1.313, 95% CI 0.9901.832, P=0.082) and FIB concentration ( OR=1.436, 95% CI 1.008-2.125, P=0.056) might have potential association with MID. Stepwise regression method was used to screen out PLT, FIB and hydronefrosis as the optimal combination for MID prediction. multivariate analysis suggested that PLT decreasing ( OR=0.727, 95% CI 0.548-0.955, P=0.023), FIB increasing ( OR=1.629, 95% CI 1.084-2.552, P=0.025) and hydronephrosis ( OR=2.500, 95% CI 1.111-5.601, P=0.026) were independent predictors of MID.The C-index of the model constructed by the three factors was 0.682, and the P-value of the goodness of fit was 0.778. The ROC curve showed that the optimal cut-off point for the prediction of high-risk MID by the nomogram was 0.627, achieving 39.1% specificity, 88.6% sensitivity and 0.682 area under the curve (AUC). Conclusions:Preoperative decrease of PLT, increase of FIB and hydronephrosis were independent factors for predicting UTUC invading muscle.

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Objective The standardization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)term in English is a precondition for the internationalization of TCM.Therefore,in the current study similarities and differences on visceral terms between 2022 World Health Organization International Standard Terminologies of Traditional Chinese Medicine(abbreviated as WHO22)and the existing International Standard Chinese-English Basic Nomenclature of Chinese Medicine compiled by the World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies(abbreviated as ISNTCM)and the WHO International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Medicine in the Western Pacific Region(abbreviated as ISTTM)were discussed.Methods The electronic versions of the existing terminology standard were collected,and terms on viscera section were extracted and converted into Excel files.Terms on visceral section in the WHO22 were also processed with the same method.The similarities and differences between WHO22 and ISNTCM as well as those between WHO22 and ISTTM were compared.Results In the WHO22,there are 170 terms on viscera section,in ISTTM,there are 83 terms,and in ISNTCM 215 terms.Generally,ISTTM and WHO22 are consistent in visceral terms,but in WHO22 the names of the five zang-organs,six fu-organs,and extraordinary fu-organs as single terms are not listed.ISNTCM and WHO22 share the same visceral terms with slight difference.Conclusion WHO22 reflects the latest achievements of the English translation standard of TCM,and is the result of study and cooperation between Chinese and foreign scholars.However,there are inconsistencies in translations of certain terms,which might be caused by no clarification on translation principles or term selection principles.Besides,new research method such as corpus linguistics are not applied in the context of the rapid development of information technology in WHO22.