RESUMEN

The objective of our research was to examine the antioxidant and membrane-protective characteristics of a few medicinal plant extracts belonging to the Asteracea family, along with their flavonoid and polyphenolic content, in order to identify strategies for enhancing beverage composition and boosting the antioxidant capacity of green and black tea. The activity of aqueous-ethanolic extracts from the dried parts of plants, such as Arictum tomentosum Mill., Ghnapilum kasachstanicum Kirp. & Kuprian. ex Kirp., Artemisia schrenkiana Ledeb., A. rutifolia Steph. ex Spreng., A. cina O.Berg, and A. vulgaris L., were examined using a model of Wistar rats. Thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS), a marker of malondialdehyde concentration, were used to measure the amount of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver microsomes. Considering the outcomes, the extracts from A. tomentosum, G. kasachstanicum, and A. vulgaris exhibit the strongest membrane-stabilizing action among those examined. At a concentration of 5 g/mL, the extracts of these plants demonstrated a significant anti-hemolitic impact, whereas the remaining extracts displayed a similar effect at doses above 10 g/mL. Accordingly, among the extracts studied, the A. tomentosum, G. kasachstanicum, A. schrenkiana, A. rutifolia, A. cina, and A. vulgaris extracts have significant antioxidant properties. The integrated antioxidant and antihemolytic qualities of A. tomentosum and green tea extracts were comparable to those of the individual plant extracts. When the extracts of A. schrenkiana and green tea were combined, similar outcomes were seen, suggesting that there was no appreciable synergistic interaction.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the main epidemiological characteristics of AML (morbidity, survival, distribution by AML variants and age groups) in 5 regions participating in the study. METHODS: This stat study was conducted on patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia in 5 regions of Kazakhstan, from January 2017 to December 2020. Compared with self-assessment of acute myeloid leukemia using a questionnaire, postoperative histopathology in patients with suspected acute myeloid leukemia. The questionnaire, compiled by artificial intelligence, is grouped into categories "risk" and "no risk". Statistical processing and analysis of data was carried out using the analytical package SAS 9.4. Methods of reporting statistics, standardization of morbidity were used. RESULT: According to the standardized morbidity indicators obtained (from 1.39 to 2.43 per 100 thousand population), we can say that the registered incidence of AML remains low. This value practically does not differ from the incidence of AML (2.71) according to the Kazakhstan Cancer Registry for 2016 and is significantly lower than the data of European and American registries (4-5 cases per 100 thousand inhabitants per year). CONCLUSION: This study identified specific areas with a high risk of acute myeloid leukemia in Eastern Kazakhstan, as well as spatial inequality in their distribution with the formation of this disease. These results can be useful in developing any strategy for responding to a high risk of cancer in specific areas.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

One of the most important compounds that exhibit a wide range of biological activities with especially strong antioxidant action are plant polyphenols. In the course of the experiment, the dose-dependent effects of polyphenols-rich extracts isolated from the Lamiaceae family Kazakhstani plants were studied on the processes of lipid peroxidation and on the degree of erythrocytes hemolysis. The activity of aqueous-ethanolic extracts from dried parts of plants, such as Origanum vulgare, Ziziphora bungeana, Dracocephalum integrifolium, Mentha piperita, Leonurus turkestanicus, Thymus serpyllum, and Salvia officinalis, was studied in a Wistar rat model. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver microsomes was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde content in the form of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS). Estimation of osmotic resistance of isolated erythrocytes was evaluated based on hemoglobin absorbance. The amount of total phenolics in the extracts was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method. Based on the results, Thymus serpyllum extract exhibited a significantly higher antioxidant activity (IC50 = 3.3 ± 0.7) compared to other plant extracts. Accordingly, among the extracts studied, those from Salvia officinalis, Thymus serpyllum, and Origanum vulgare show the most pronounced membrane-stabilizing activity. Antioxidant and antihemolytic properties of green tea and Origanum vulgare extract mixtures were similar to that of each individual plant extract. Similar results were obtained when the green tea extract was mixed with Mentha piperita, Ziziphora bungeana, and Dracocephalum integrifolium extracts, indicating no discernible synergistic interaction.

RESUMEN

Treatment of liver injury induced by various toxicants represents a serious clinical challenge. Here, we utilized the ability of natural agents to inhibit microsomal lipid peroxidation (LPO) as the in-vitro screening paradigm for selecting efficacious tissue-protective combinations of cooperatively acting medicinal plants. Based on screening of 70 water-ethanol extracts obtained from different parts of 65 plants we prepared a highly active phytocomposition (PC-1) containing oregano (Origanum vulgare), wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum) and coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) aerial parts, valerian (Valeriana officinalis) leaves and little-leaf linden (Tilia cordata) flowers. PC-1 extract exhibited the strongest anti-PLO and antihemolytic effects in vitro compared to those of the individual plants and other compositions tested. Using luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, we found that PC-1 extract activated the Nrf2/antioxidant response element signaling pathway more effectively than the extracts of other phytocompositions. Importantly, oral administration of PC-1 extract (100-200 mg/kg) markedly ameliorated liver injury in rats acutely or chronically intoxicated by carbon tetrachloride. This was evidenced by improved liver histology, blood chemistry parameters, and microsomal LPO status and superoxide dismutase activity. In addition, treatment with PC-1 extract salvaged the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated rats. Collectively, these data support the strategy of in-vitro plant selection for developing efficacious tissue-protective phytocompositions.

Asunto(s)