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Epigenetics is defined as a heritable change occurring in gene expression and phenotype without altering the underlying primary DNA sequence itself. Epigenetic variation consists of DNA methylation repatterning, posttranslational modification of histone proteins, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Epigenetic modifications are deeply involved in tumorigenesis and tumor development. Epigenetic abnormalities can be therapeutically reversed, and three families of epigenetic marks, including "readers", "writers" and "erasers", could be modulated by epi drugs. Over the past decade, ten small-molecule epi drugs (e.g., inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases) have been approved by FDA or CFDA for the treatment of different cancers. Epigenetics therapy has been most effective in oncology and has become an attractive area in cancer treatment. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) encompasses a set of multifactorial diseases of progressive cardiopulmonary disorder. WHO classifies PH into five groups based on similar pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentation, haemodynamic characteristics, therapeutic management, and underlying etiology. Since PH shows many similarities with cancer, such as proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and dysregulation of tumor suppressor genes, the current epigenetics therapeutic strategies used in cancer might be considered for the treatment of PH. The role of epigenetics in the setting of PH is a fast-growing field of research. In this review, we have summarized the up-to-date articles on the role of epigenetic mechanisms in the context of PH. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive insight from the epigenetics perspective and introduce the potential role of approved epi drugs in PH treatment.
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Hipertensión Pulmonar , Neoplasias , Humanos , Hipertensión Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipertensión Pulmonar/genética , Epigénesis Genética , Metilación de ADN , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Histonas/metabolismoRESUMEN
In Asia, young patients undergo pan-facial fat injection for facial contouring rather than rejuvenation. Although the procedure is widely performed, there is no singular approach that has been shown to have consistent results. The author's approach based on the facial fat compartment theory is presented here. The injection area is classified into functional zones and transition zones. A retrospective review was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach. Satisfactory results were achieved in 96% of cases. In the author's view, this approach is safe, easy to learn, and produces satisfactory stable aesthetic results based on the facial fat compartments.
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Tejido Adiposo/trasplante , Pueblo Asiatico , Cara/cirugía , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Adulto , Estética , Femenino , Objetivos , Humanos , Rejuvenecimiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Objective@#To observe the safety and efficiency of face-lift combined with fat grafting in facial rejuvenation.@*Methods@#We performed a retrospective study, which included 23 patients. SMAS suspension and multi-site suspension were combined to correct the nasolabial fold, mid-cheek aging and malar mounds. Structural fat grafting was performed to treat the volume loss in mid-face.@*Results@#All patients demonstrated a significant improvement in midfacial appearance. No infection or nerve injury were found in this study. Only three patients did not get primary healing in temple region, which led to temporal hair loss from secondary healing.@*Conclusions@#This study demonstrates that fat grafting and multiple layers face-lift are efficient method for facial rejuvenation. These approaches appear to be very promising for facial anti-aging techniques.
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Objective To explore the effective measurements of integrated therapy for the ear keloids in the Oriental. Methods Surgical excision was performed for keloid, and the cut then sutured directly or with flap transfer. At early stage of surgery (within 24 hours), X-ray or electron-ray radiotherapy was used for 3-5 times once daily; and steroids injected after cutting lines at 7th day every two weeks and gradually ended. Results A total of 48 patients were treated, and followed, in which 12 patients were lost of follow-up. The total effective rate was 94. 4 % based on the data of follow-up in 36 patients for 1-3 years. Therefore, the curation rate was 83. 3 % (30 cases) and effective rate 11. 1 % (4 cases). Conclusions Surgical cutting combined with early radiotherapy and steroids injection is the effective integrated therapy for the ear keloids in the Oriental.
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Objective To explore the effect of ultrasound assisted liposuction in vivo on clinical aesthetic plastic surgery. Methods Ultrasonic lipoplastics combined with swelling liposuction were used in 153 cases of the beauty seekers. Application of rountine tissue swelling technique with the transduction of ultrasound into fatty areas made atipose cells broken and emulsified, and it also easy to move the atipose tissue rich in connective fibres. Results All the patients were satified with the aesthetic effects after the operation. Smoothness and softness of the operated areas with obvious shrinkage of the skin were found with few complications. Conclusion Ultrasound assisted liposuction is an effective and simplified method and deserves to be widely used.