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Background: Previous studies have suggested a correlation between dietary inflammatory potential and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the association between dietary inflammatory potential, measured by the dietary inflammation index (DII), and NAFLD. Methods: From establishing the database to June 2023, a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library were performed to identify relevant observational studies. These studies reported a correlation between DII and NAFLD. The meta-analysis used odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate the relationship between DII and NAFLD. Results: Eight studies were included in this meta-analysis after excluding irrelevant records. A summary of the results from the included studies showed that the risk of NAFLD was higher in those exposed to higher DII (OR = 1.26, 95%CI 1.12 to 1.40, p < 0.001), with a high degree of heterogeneity (I2 = 85.7%, p < 0.001). When DII was divided into 3 tertiles from low to high for comparison, the results showed that the risk of NAFLD was higher in Tertile 2 (T2) population compared to the Tertile 1 (T1) population (OR = 1.75, 95%CI 1.20 to 2.54, p < 0.005). The risk of NAFLD was significantly higher in Tertile 3 (T3) compared to the T1 population (OR = 3.07, 95%CI 1.63 to 5.77, p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that high DII is associated with an increased risk of NAFLD, and conversely, low DII is associated with a decreased risk of NAFLD. Systematic Review Registration: The study complies with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023455013).

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Objective: To investigate the long-term safety and efficacy of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBSCT) in treating decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis. Methods: In this study, a retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 84 patients diagnosed with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis between January 2011 and December 2012. The patients were categorized into two groups based on their treatment approach: the transplantation group, consisting of 34 cases who received APBSCT in addition to medical treatment, and the comprehensive medical treatment (CMT) group, comprising 50 cases who solely received CMT. EPI Data software was used for data input and verification. Survival curves were drawn by Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed by log-rank test. Paired t test and independent sample t test were used for intra-group and inter-group mean comparison of measurement data, respectively. The Mann-Whitney U test is used for non-normally distributed data. Results: After the ten-year follow-up period, it was found that overall survival (OS) in the transplantation group was markedly higher than that in the CMT (56% vs. 16%, P < .001). Albumin (ALB), prothrombin time (PT), and indocyanine green retention at 15 min (ICG R15) were significantly improved in sequence at 4 to 12 weeks of early treatment in APBSCT group; subsequently, the Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) index and spleen length significantly decreased at 48 weeks. Compared with the CMT group, ALB and PT levels in the APBSCT group continued to recover and eventually stabilize at normal or low-risk levels at subsequent follow-ups up to 8 years. The ten-year prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the APBSCT group was markedly lower than that in the CMT group (26% vs. 62%; P = .025). Moreover, APBSCT significantly reduced ascites (χ2 = 6.997, P = .041) and was not associated with any significant adverse events during APBSCT. Based on clinical evidence, APBSCT is a safe and effective treatment for decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis, resulting in a favorable long-term prognosis with no significant adverse events. Conclusions: APBSCT is a relatively safe and effective treatment for decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.

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Objective: In recent years, stem cell transplantation (SCT) has been applied to the clinical treatment of patients with cirrhosis. The specialist clinic of the SCT clinic provides regular and effective interventions for cirrhosis, helping to improve patient management and compliance. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of SCT in the treatment of cirrhosis. Methods: This systematic review adhered to the guidelines outlined in the PRISMA statement. The National Library of Medicin (MEDLINE), Excerpt Medica Database (EMBASE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Clinical Trials.gov databases were searched to screen liver cirrhosis-related articles with stem cell therapy from 2000 to 2022. The articles were then filtered and extracted for clinical outcomes including MELD score, Child-Pugh score, platelets, creatinine, bilirubin, albumin, international normalized ratio (INR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), α fetoprotein (AFP), prothrombin time (PT). The data were normalized and analyzed using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: A total of 1209 articles were searched, and from these, ten studies were selected for analysis regarding the association between SCT and the clinical outcomes of liver cirrhosis. The findings revealed that SCT therapy, in comparison to conventional treatment, resulted in a reduction in MELD score and INR after 1 month, a decrease in Child-Pugh score at 3 months, an increase in platelet count at 3 months, and an elevation in ALB levels after 1 month. However, no significant beneficial effects were observed on creatinine, bilirubin, PT, ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, and ASP levels. Conclusion: This study suggested that SCT therapy could elevate the ALB levels and alleviate the MELD score and INR, short-term decreasing the Chile-Pugh score and increasing the platelet levels. It could be a potential therapeutic alternative for patients with cirrhosis.

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BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in the treatment of patients with pyrrolidine alkaloids-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (PA-HSOS). METHODS: Patients diagnosed with PA-HSOS and treated in Ningbo No.2 Hospital between November 2017 and October 2022 were enlisted in this retrospective cohort study. RESULTS: This cohort comprised a total of 22 patients with PA-HSOS, of which 12 patients received TIPS treatment and 10 patients experienced conservative treatment. The median follow-up duration was 10.5 months. Baseline characteristics existed with no significant difference between the two groups. No operation failures or any TIPS-associated intraoperative complications were observed after TIPS. In the TIPS group, the portal venous pressure was substantially decreased from 25.3 ±â€…6.3 mmHg to 14.4 ±â€…3.5 mmHg after TIPS ( P  = 0.002). Compared with preoperative, the ascites after TIPS were significantly subsided ( P  = 0.001) and there existed a considerable decrease in Child-Pugh score. At the end of follow-up, 5 patients died, involving 1 in the TIPS group and 4 in the conservative treatment group. The median survival time was 13 (3-28) months in the TIPS group and 6.5 (1-49) months in the conservative treatment group, respectively. The survival analysis demonstrated that the total survival time of TIPS group was longer than that of the conservative treatment group, no statistical significance was observed ( P  = 0.08). CONCLUSION: TIPS may be a secure and effective therapeutic strategy for PA-HSOS patients who do not respond to conservative treatment.

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BACKGROUND: Currently available treatment options for decompensated hepatitis B-induced liver cirrhosis are limited and largely ineffective. Recently, stem cell transplantation has emerged as a promising treatment for cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation can improve liver functional reserve in patients with hepatitis B-induced cirrhosis. MATERIAL/METHODS: In this study, 51 patients with hepatitis B-induced liver cirrhosis were assigned to the treatment group (n=23) or the control group (n=28). The treatment group underwent autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in addition to comprehensive medical treatment, and the control group received comprehensive medical treatment alone. Liver functional reserve was monitored for 48 weeks after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. RESULTS: After transplantation, most patients showed improvements in symptoms such as fatigue, anorexia, and abdominal distension. The retention rate of indocyanine green at 15 minutes, a common indicator of liver functional reserve, declined from 41.99±4.68 at baseline to 37.79±3.75 by 48 weeks after transplantation, showing significant improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation can improve several markers of liver health and liver functional reserve and is a promising prospect for clinical application.

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OBJECTIVE: To perform a prospective study the effects of autologous peripheral blood stem cell (APBSC) transplantation on acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related decompensated cirrhosis. METHODS: A total of 68 hospitalized patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis undergoing conventional treatment were included in the study. Thirty-three of these patients also received APBSC transplantation therapy (treatment group) and 35 did not (control group). The treatment group was observed for postoperative adverse reaction, and changes (pre-vs.post-treatment) in total bilirubin, prothrombin time (PT), albumin (Alb), spleen size and ARFI imaging findings. Statistical analyses were carried out using the t-test, non-parametric test, and chi-square test. RESULTS: The patients who received APBSC transplantation showed improving levels of Alb and PT, but not of total bilirubin, at postoperative weeks 24, 36 and 48, and reduced spleen length and ARFI findings at postoperative weeks 36 and 48.Compared to the baseline data (week 0) for the treatment group and to the data for the control groups, these differences were statistically significant (P less than 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: APBSC transplantation can reduce ARFI imaging findings and improve the pathology of liver fibrosis in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis.

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BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may eventually lead to decompensated liver cirrhosis, which is a terminal illness. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of autologous peripheral blood stem cell (APBSC) transplantation to improve portal vein hemodynamics in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective study included 68 hospitalized patients who were diagnosed with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis. These patients were divided into two groups: the transplantation group included 33 patients, while the control group included 35. Both groups received conventional medical treatment simultaneously, and APBSC transplantation was performed on the patients in the transplantation group. We evaluated the effects of APBSC transplantation on postoperative liver function using the following indices: total bilirubin, serum prothrombin and albumin, spleen size, and portal vein hemodynamics. Postoperatively, all of the patients were followed up at 24, 36, and 48 weeks. RESULTS: The transplantation group had no serious reactions. Compared with the control group, albumin and prothrombin activity in the transplantation group was significantly improved at 24, 36, and 48 weeks after the procedure, and spleen length and portal vein diameter were substantially reduced at 48 weeks. The velocity of peak portal vein blood flow and mean maximum portal vein blood flow were greatly increased in the APBSC transplantation group at 36 and 48 weeks, respectively; however, there was also decreased portal vein diameter, which reduced portal vein pressure in patients with HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis. CONCLUSIONS: APBSC transplantation greatly benefits HBV-linked decompensated cirrhosis patients and should be recommended in clinical practice.