RESUMEN
ABSTRACT For decades, conventional histomorphometry has been the gold standard for analyzing trabecular bone microarchitecture. In recent years, micro-computed tomography (μCT) devices have been validated and are now considered the gold standard for quantifying bone microstructure Aim The aim of this preliminary report is to evaluate the usefulness of CBCT to assess trabecular mandible microstructural properties in normal ewes and to compare the quantitative changes associated with ovariectomy and antiresorptive treatment Material and Method Twelve adult Corriedale ewes (n=4/group) aged 3-4 years were divided into 3 groups and studied for 28 months. Eight ewes were ovariectomized (OVX) and divided into OVX and OVX+ZOL groups (n=4/group) which were treated as follows, by jugular injection: OVX received saline solution and OVX+ZOL received zoledronate (Zol) (Gador SA, CABA, Argentina) (4 mg/month). Another four ewes were subjected to sham surgery (SHAM group) and received saline solution Results Densitometry showed that jaw mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) were significantly lower in OVX than in SHAM and OVX+ZOL ewes; no difference was observed between OVX+ ZOL and SHAM groups. CBCT analysis showed that bone volume (BV/TV%); trabecular thickness (TbTh); connectivity density (CD) and anisotropy degree (AD) were significantly lower, and trabecular spacing (TbSp), significantly higher in OVX than in SHAM ewes. AD was significantly higher and TbSp significantly lower in OVX+ZOL than in OVX groups. BV/TV%, TbTh and CD showed a clear tendency to being higher in OVX+ZOL than in OVX groups. No statistical difference was observed between OVX+ZOL and SHAM ewes. CBCT in a nondestructive, fast, very precise procedure for measuring bone morphometric indices without biopsies, which are not indicated for morphometric evaluation in osteoporosis Conclusions The current study demonstrated the potential of the high-resolution CBCT imaging to assess in vivo quantitative bone morphometry and bone quality of lower jaw cancellous bone under normal conditions and to differentiate changes associated with excessive bone loss induced by estrogen withdrawal and antiresorptive intervention.
RESUMEN Objetivo El presente informe preliminar evaluó la utilidad de Tomografía Computada de Haz Cónico (CBCT) para analizar las propiedades microestructurales trabeculares del maxilar inferior de ovejas y comparar los cambios cuantitativos asociados con la ovariectomía y tratamiento antirresortivo. Se estudiaron dieciséis ovejas Corriedale adultas de 3-4 años Materiales y Método Doce ovejas fueron ovariectomizadas (OVX) y divididas en 2 grupos: OVX y OVX+ZOL (n=4/grupo) cuyo tratamiento por inyección endovenosa en la yugular durante 28 meses fue el siguiente: OVX con solución salina y OVX+ZOL con zoledronato (Gador S.A. CABA. Argentina) (Zol) (4 mg/mes); 4 ovejas fueron sometidas a cirugía simulada (grupo SHAM) Resultados La densitometría (Lunar DPX) mostró que el contenido mineral del hueso maxilar (CMO) y la densidad (DMO) fueron significativamente más bajos en OVX que en SHAM y OVX+ZOL; no se observaron diferencias entre los grupos OVX+ZOL y SHAM. El análisis de las imágenes por CBCT (Planmeca Promax 3D Classic) mostró que el volumen óseo (BV/TV%); el espesor trabecular (TbTh); la densidad de conectividad (CD) y el grado de anisotropía (AD) fueron significativamente menores (p<0.05), y el espaciado trabecular (TbSp), significativamente mayor en OVX que en SHAM (p<0.05). AD fue significativamente mayor (p<0.05) y TbSp, significativamente menor en OVX+ZOL que en OVX (p<0.05). BV/TV%, TbTh y CD mostró una clara tendencia a ser mayor en OVX+ZOL que en OVX. No se observaron diferencias estadísticas entre OVX+ZOL y SHAM Conclusiones En base a nuestros resultados consideramos que CBCT presenta suficiente confiabilidad y validez para evaluar in vivo la morfometría cuantitativa y la calidad del hueso esponjoso del maxilar inferior en condiciones normales, así como para diferenciar los cambios en dichos parámetros asociados a la pérdida ósea excesiva por la caída estrogénica e intervención antirresortiva. Aunque se necesitan estudios futuros, nuestros resultados agregarían una herramienta no invasiva adicional para diferenciar la microestructura del hueso trabecular mandibular en estudios preclínicos , sentando las bases para su futura aplicación en la práctica clínica.
RESUMEN
La insuficiencia de vitamina D (VD) en el embarazo se relaciona con una mayor incidencia de cesáreas, preeclampsia y partos prematuros. Objetivo: evaluar si el grado de insuficiencia de VD se asocia a mayor número de cesáreas y evaluar la correlación entre la 25 hidroxivitamina D (25OHD) materna y en sangre del cordón del recién nacido. Las mujeres (n=127) se dividieron según sus niveles de 25OHD (ng/mL):G1:<20 (deficiencia), G2:20-30 (insuficiencia), G3:>30 (suficiencia). Se registraron edad; edad gestacional (EG); índice de masa corporal (IMC); tensión arterial sistólica y diastólica; tipo de parto y la estación del año en que se tomó la muestra. Se determinaron calcemia (ng/mL); 25OHD; parathormona intacta (pg/mL); fosfatasa alcalina ósea (UI/L) y crosslaps (pg/mL). La edad media fue de 26±6 años y la EG de 35,8±2,7 semanas, sin diferencias entre grupos. El porcentaje de cesáreas fue mayor en G1 que en G2 y G3 (31,3%, 21,4% y 25%, respectivamente; p<0,05). El mayor porcentaje de muestras se tomó en primavera (p<0,05). No se observaron diferencias en las demás variables maternas estudiadas. La 25OHD materna correlacionó positivamente con los valores de la sangre de cordón de sus respectivos recién nacidos (r= 0,67; p<0,0001). Independientemente de la época del año y del IMC, se observó que un porcentaje significativo de las mujeres embarazadas estudiadas tenía niveles de 25OHD inferiores a 30 ng/mL. Conclusión: evidenciamos que la deficiencia de VD materna se asoció al número de cesáreas. Asimismo, los niveles séricos de 25OHD en sangre de cordón umbilical correlacionaron significativamente con los maternos. (AU)
Vitamin D (VD) insufficiency in pregnancy is associated with a higher incidence of cesarean section, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery. Objective: to evaluate if the degree of VD insufficiency is associated with the incidence of cesarean section and to determine the correlation between maternal and newborn cord blood 25-hydroxy VS (25OHD). Women (n=127) were divided according to their 25OHD levels (ng/mL): G1:<20 (deficiency), G2:20-30 (insufficiency), G3:>30 (sufficiency). Age; gestational age (GA); body mass index (BMI); systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg); type of delivery and the season of the year in which the sample was taken were recorded. Calcemia (ng/mL); 25OHD; intact parathormone (pg/mL); bone alkaline phosphatase (IU/L) and Crosslaps (pg/mL) levels were determined. Mean age was 26±6 years and GA was 35.8±2.7 weeks with no differences among groups. The % of cesarean sections was higher in G1 than in G2 and G3 (31.3%, 21.4% and 25%; p<0.05). The highest % of samples were taken in spring (p<0.05). No differences were observed in the other maternal variables studied. Maternal serum 25OHD levels correlated positively with those of cord blood from their respective newborns (r=0.67; p<0.0001). Regardless the season of the year and BMI, a high % of the studied pregnant women presented 25OHD levels lower than 30 ng/ml. Conclusion: we found that maternal VD deficiency is associated with the number of cesarean sections. In addition, 25OHD levels in the newborn significantly correlate with maternal serum levels. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Deficiencia de Vitamina D/complicaciones , Embarazo/estadística & datos numéricos , Cesárea/estadística & datos numéricos , Tercer Trimestre del Embarazo , Estaciones del Año , Vitamina D , Calcio de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , 25-Hidroxivitamina D 2/sangre , Incidencia , Edad Gestacional , Sangre Fetal , Trabajo de Parto Prematuro/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
For decades, conventional histomorphometry has been the gold standard for analyzing trabecular bone microarchitecture. In recent years, micro-computed tomography (µCT) devices have been validated and are now considered the gold standard for quantifying bone microstructure. Aim: The aim of this preliminary report is to evaluate the usefulness of CBCT to assess trabecular mandible microstructural properties in normal ewes and to compare the quantitative changes associated with ovariectomy and antiresorptive treatment. Material and Method: Twelve adult Corriedale ewes (n=4/group) aged 3-4 years were divided into 3 groups and studied for 28 months. Eight ewes were ovariectomized (OVX) and divided into OVX and OVX+ZOL groups (n=4/group) which were treated as follows, by jugular injection: OVX received saline solution and OVX+ZOL received zoledronate (Zol) (Gador SA, CABA, Argentina) (4 mg/month). Another four ewes were subjected to sham surgery (SHAM group) and received saline solution. Results: Densitometry showed that jaw mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) were significantly lower in OVX than in SHAM and OVX+ZOL ewes; no difference was observed between OVX+ ZOL and SHAM groups. CBCT analysis showed that bone volume (BV/TV%); trabecular thickness (TbTh); connectivity density (CD) and anisotropy degree (AD) were significantly lower, and trabecular spacing (TbSp), significantly higher in OVX than in SHAM ewes. AD was significantly higher and TbSp significantly lower in OVX+ZOL than in OVX groups. BV/TV%, TbTh and CD showed a clear tendency to being higher in OVX+ZOL than in OVX groups. No statistical difference was observed between OVX+ZOL and SHAM ewes. CBCT in a nondestructive, fast, very precise procedure for measuring bone morphometric indices without biopsies, which are not indicated for morphometric evaluation in osteoporosis. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated the potential of the high-resolution CBCT imaging to assess in vivo quantitative bone morphometry and bone quality of lower jaw cancellous bone under normal conditions and to differentiate changes associated with excessive bone loss induced by estrogen withdrawal and antiresorptive intervention.
Objetivo: El presente informe preliminar evaluó la utilidad de Tomografía Computada de Haz Cónico (CBCT) para analizar las propiedades microestructurales trabeculares del maxilar inferior de ovejas y comparar los cambios cuantitativos asociados con la ovariectomía y tratamiento antirresortivo. Se estudiaron dieciséis ovejas Corriedale adultas de 3-4 años. Materiales y Método: Doce ovejas fueron ovariectomizadas (OVX) y divididas en 2 grupos: OVX y OVX+ZOL (n=4/grupo) cuyo tratamiento por inyección endovenosa en la yugular durante 28 meses fue el siguiente: OVX con solución salina y OVX+ZOL con zoledronato (Gador S.A. CABA. Argentina) (Zol) (4 mg/mes); 4 ovejas fueron sometidas a cirugía simulada (grupo SHAM). Resultados: La densitometría (Lunar DPX) mostró que el contenido mineral del hueso maxilar (CMO) y la densidad (DMO) fueron significativamente más bajos en OVX que en SHAM y OVX+ZOL; no se observaron diferencias entre los grupos OVX+ZOL y SHAM. El análisis de las imágenes por CBCT (Planmeca Promax 3D Classic) mostró que el volumen óseo (BV/TV%); el espesor trabecular (TbTh); la densidad de conectividad (CD) y el grado de anisotropía (AD) fueron significativamente menores (p<0.05), y el espaciado trabecular (TbSp), significativamente mayor en OVX que en SHAM (p<0.05). AD fue significativamente mayor (p<0.05) y TbSp, significativamente menor en OVX+ZOL que en OVX (p<0.05). BV/TV%, TbTh y CD mostró una clara tendencia a ser mayor en OVX+ZOL que en OVX. No se observaron diferencias estadísticas entre OVX+ZOL y SHAM. Conclusiones: En base a nuestros resultados consideramos que CBCT presenta suficiente confiabilidad y validez para evaluar in vivo la morfometría cuantitativa y la calidad del hueso esponjoso del maxilar inferior en condiciones normales, así como para diferenciar los cambios en dichos parámetros asociados a la pérdida ósea excesiva por la caída estrogénica e intervención antirresortiva. Aunque se necesitan estudios futuros, nuestros resultados agregarían una herramienta no invasiva adicional para diferenciar la microestructura del hueso trabecular mandibular en estudios preclínicos , sentando las bases para su futura aplicación en la práctica clínica.
Asunto(s)
Densidad Ósea , Solución Salina , Animales , Femenino , Ovinos , Humanos , Microtomografía por Rayos X , Ácido Zoledrónico/farmacología , Ácido Zoledrónico/uso terapéutico , Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónico , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagen , OvariectomíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonate (BP)-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) and dental implant failure are two negative side effects of chronic aminoBP treatment. METHODS: Eleven ovariectomized (OVX) ewes and four ewes subjected to sham surgery (SHAM) were treated as follows: OVX (n = 5): OVX plus saline solution; zoledronic acid-treated group (ZOL) (n = 6): OVX plus ZOL; SHAM (n = 4): SHAM plus saline solution. Extraction of the first upper molar was performed at 1 year, dental implant placement at 2 years, and sacrifice at 28 months. RESULTS: Implants remained in place in SHAM and OVX ewes but were lost in all ZOL ewes. ZOL sheep (2/6) showed inflammation and necrotic bone at mandibular region. No differences in serum calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphate (Pi) or 25-hydroxyvitamin D were observed, whereas bone alkaline phosphatase levels decreased in the three studied groups (P < 0.05). The significantly lowest levels of carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen were observed in ZOL (P < 0.05), and showed no differences between SHAM and OVX. OVX showed the lowest and ZOL the highest Ca and Pi contents in femur and maxilla (P < 0.05). Bone volume (BV/TV%) and iliac crest were similar at baseline and at month 4. At the end of the study, BV/TV%, proximal femur and hemi-mandible bone mineral content and bone mineral density, and trabeculae number were similar in SHAM and ZOL, and lower in OVX (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: All ZOL-treated ewes on a schedule similar to that used in cancer patients showed extensive suppression of bone remodeling and implant failure. Some of the ZOL ewes developed BRONJ.
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Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea , Implantes Dentales , Osteonecrosis , Animales , Densidad Ósea , Difosfonatos , Femenino , Humanos , Imidazoles , Ovariectomía , OvinosRESUMEN
Bone grafting is important to preserve the alveolar bone ridge height and volume for dental implant placement. Even though implant-supported overdentures present highly successful outcomes, it seems that a great number of edentulous individuals have not pursued implant-based rehabilitation. The cost of the treatment is one of the reasons of discrepancy between highly successful therapy and its acceptance. Therefore, the development of biomaterials for bone grafting with comparable characteristics and biological effects than those renowned internationally, is necessary. In addition, domestic manufacture would reduce the high costs in public health arising from the application of these biomaterials in the dental feld. The purpose of this clinical case report is to provide preliminary clinical evidence of the efficacy of a new bovine bone graft in the bone healing process when used for sinus floor elevation. (AU)
El uso de injertos óseos es importante para preservar la altura y el volumen de la cresta alveolar para la colocación de implantes dentales. Si bien las sobredentaduras implanto-soportadas presentan resultados altamente exitosos, la mayoría de las personas desdentadas no han sido rehabilitadas mediante implantes dentales. Uno de los principales motivos por los cuales los pacientes no aceptan este tipo de tratamiento, altamente exitoso, es el elevado costo del mismo. Por ello, es necesario el desarrollo de biomateriales de injerto óseo con características y efectos biológicos comparables a los reconocidos internacionalmente. Asimismo, la fabricación nacional reduciría los altos costos en Salud Pública derivados de la aplicación de estos biomateriales en el campo dental. El objetivo de esta comunicación es presentar un caso clínico a fin de proporcionar evidencia preliminar acerca de la eficacia de un nuevo injerto de hueso bovino en el proceso de cicatrización ósea en el levantamiento del piso del seno maxilar. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Animales , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Bovinos , Ratas , Trasplante Óseo/métodos , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/rehabilitación , Elevación del Piso del Seno Maxilar/métodos , Osteogénesis , Argentina , Materiales Biocompatibles , Bovinos/fisiología , Carticaína/administración & dosificación , Clorhexidina/administración & dosificación , Naproxeno/administración & dosificación , Salud Pública/economía , Oseointegración , Dentaduras , Trasplante Óseo/tendencias , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/patología , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/terapia , Durapatita/uso terapéutico , Combinación Amoxicilina-Clavulanato de Potasio/administración & dosificación , Implantación Dental Endoósea/métodos , Elevación del Piso del Seno Maxilar/tendencias , Aloinjertos/inmunología , Aloinjertos/trasplanteRESUMEN
To prevent post-extraction resorption and preserve the integrity of the alveolar ridges, the placement of bone grafts at the time of extraction is recommended. Bovine bone grafts are biocompatibile and osteoconductive, allowing new bone apposition by osteoprogenitor cells. Although there are trademarks recognized internationally regarding bovine bone grafts, they are expensive and even difficult to acquire. Therefore, domestic industry development of high quality biomaterials will reduce the public health high costs in the dental field. Here, we evaluated and compared the effects of an Argentinean manufactured bovine bone graft (Synergy Bone Matrix) with a bovine bone graft recognized for its osteoconductive effects (Bio-Oss), on bone healing in an experimental model in rats. We created critical sized bone defects in rat tibiae and filled them with either one of the bovine bone grafts or control. Clinical responses, X-ray findings, bone mineral density, and histological parameters were evaluated. No abscess, encapsulation, suppuration or inflammation of lymphatic nodes were observed. Radiographically, all implants were amalgamated to the surrounding bony margins, suggesting proper healing. On the other hand, control tibiae exhibited no signs of recovery and remained either unfilled or showed fibrous tissue formation. No statistical differences were observed in BMC and BMD between tibiae filled with Synergy Bone Matrix or Bio-Oss. Histological analysis revealed particles of both bone grafts surrounded by laminar bone tissue indicating osteoconductivity, without any inflammatory sign. This preliminary study suggests that Synergy Bone Matrix, as well as Bio-Oss, present similar properties of biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. (AU)
Para prevenir la resorción post-exodoncia y preservar la integridad de los rebordes alveolares, se recomienda la colocación de injertos óseos en el momento de la extracción. Los injertos de hueso bovino son biocompatibles y osteoconductivos, permitiendo nueva aposición ósea por células osteoprogenitoras. Existen marcas internacionales de injertos de hueso bovino, pero resultan caros e incluso difíciles de adquirir. Por ello, la elaboración de biomateriales de alta calidad, nacionales, reduciría los altos costos de salud pública en odontología. En este estudio, se evaluaron y compararon los efectos de un injerto de hueso bovino fabricado en Argentina (Synergy Bone Matrix) versus un injerto de hueso bovino reconocido por sus efectos osteoconductivos (Bio-Oss), en el proceso de cicatrización ósea en un modelo experimental en ratas. Para ello, creamos un defecto óseo crítico en tibia de rata el cual se rellenó con uno de los injertos de hueso bovino o control. Se evaluó: respuesta clínica y radiográfica, densidad mineral ósea e histología. No se observaron abscesos, encapsulación, supuración o inflamación de los ganglios linfáticos. Radiográficamente, todos los implantes se integraron a los márgenes óseos circundantes, sugiriendo una cicatrización adecuada. Por el contrario, las tibias control no mostraron signos de recuperación con formación de tejido fibroso. No se observaron diferencias estadísticas en las BMC y BMD entre las tibias Synergy Bone Matrix o Bio-Oss. La histología reveló partículas de ambos injertos óseos rodeadas por tejido óseo laminar indicando osteoconductividad sin signos inflamatorios. Este estudio preliminar sugiere que Synergy Bone Matrix presenta propiedades similares de biocompatibilidad y osteoconductividad que Bio-Oss. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Ratas , Tibia/citología , Materiales Biocompatibles/uso terapéutico , Resorción Ósea/prevención & control , Trasplante Óseo/veterinaria , Argentina , Radiología , Cirugía Bucal , Desarrollo Óseo , Enfermedades del Desarrollo Óseo/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades del Desarrollo Óseo/diagnóstico por imagen , Densidad Ósea , Trasplante Óseo/rehabilitación , Ratas Wistar/anatomía & histología , Ratas Wistar/cirugía , Ketamina/administración & dosificación , Acepromazina/administración & dosificación , Ganglios Linfáticos/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: A low calcium intake (LCaI) may predispose to obesity, and excessive fat mass may be detrimental to bone. The impact of Ca inadequacy would be greater in subjects predisposed to obesity. LCaI effect on obesity development during the rapid growth period was compared in two strains of rats: spontaneously obese IIMb/ß (O) and Wistar (W). Pregnant rats were fed 0.5% (N) or 0.2% (L) of Ca (OLCa, ONCa, WLCa and WNCa). Male pups were fed the maternal diet until day 60. METHODS: Body composition, lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, 25 hydroxyvitamin D, Ca-phosphorus, and bone metabolism were evaluated. RESULTS: BW and body fat were higher, whereas body protein was lower in OLCa versus ONCa (p < 0.05). OLCa presented the highest body fat, glucose, non-HDL and total cholesterol, TGL, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR, liver weight, and adipose perigonadal plus retroperitoneal pads (p < 0.05). WLCa did not exhibit an increase BW and only showed a slight change in body composition with minor biochemical alterations compared to WNCa (p < 0.05). Osteocalcin, CTX, and proximal tibia and lumbar spine BMDs were lower in O than in W rats fed the same Ca diet (p < 0.05). Body ash and Ca content, and total skeleton BMC/BW were lower in OLCa and WLCa versus their corresponding NCa groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The negative effect of a low Ca diet on fat mass accumulation and lipid profile may be more evident in rats predisposed to obesity. Nevertheless, low CaI interferes with the normal glucose homeostasis leading to an increase in insulin resistance. Low CaI during early growth may be an obesogenic factor that may persist into adult life and may account for the development of obesity and some of its co-morbidities.
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Calcio/deficiencia , Dieta/efectos adversos , Obesidad/etiología , Osteoporosis/etiología , Adiposidad , Animales , Densidad Ósea , Remodelación Ósea , Calcio de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Calcio de la Dieta/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Resistencia a la Insulina , Lactancia , Masculino , Fenómenos Fisiologicos Nutricionales Maternos , Obesidad/metabolismo , Obesidad/patología , Obesidad/prevención & control , Osteoporosis/metabolismo , Osteoporosis/patología , Osteoporosis/prevención & control , Embarazo , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas Endogámicas , Ratas Wistar , Destete , Aumento de PesoRESUMEN
Protein-induced changes in bone and calcium homeostasis could potentially be greater in the elderly and in women at risk for osteoporosis. We hypothesize that a low protein intake would magnify the negative changes in bone metabolism seen in vitamin D (vitD) insufficiency and/or estrogen deficiency. The present study was undertaken to better understand how a low protein diet along with vitD insufficiency could affect bone metabolism using a rodent ovariectomized (OVX) model. Rats (n = 60) underwent ovariectomy (OVX) or sham operation. The first 15 days after surgery, all rats were fed a standard rodent diet. Thereafter, rats (n = 10/group) were fed a low protein diet (LP; 2.5 %) or a control diet (NP; 12.5 %) with 100 IU% vitD (+D; cholecalciferol) or without vitD (-D) for 45 days. The groups were as follows: SHAM + NP + D (control); SHAM + LP + D; SHAM + LP - D; OVX + NP + D; OVX + LP + D; OVX + LP - D. Body weight (BW) of control and OVX + NP + D groups increased while those feeding the LP diet, independently of vitD feedings, decreased (p < 0.05). The OVX + LP - D group presented the lowest serum Ca, phosphorus and osteocalcin levels and the highest CTX levels (p < 0.05). At the end of the study, total skeleton bone mineral content, proximal tibia bone mineral density, bone volume and trabecular number levels decreased as follows: SHAM + NP + D (controls) > SHAM + LP + D > OVX + NP + D > SHAM + LP - D > OVX + LP + D > OVX + LP - D (p < 0.05). A low protein diet negatively affected bone mass and magnified the detrimental effects of vitD and/or estrogen deficiencies.
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Huesos/patología , Calcio/sangre , Dieta con Restricción de Proteínas/efectos adversos , Ovariectomía , Vitamina D/administración & dosificación , Alimentación Animal , Animales , Peso Corporal , Densidad Ósea , Calcio/metabolismo , Calcio de la Dieta/farmacología , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Homeostasis , Osteoblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Osteocalcina/química , Osteocalcina/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Obese ß rats may be a suitable model to evaluate the association between calcium intake (CaI) and obesity during growth. OBJECTIVE: The present study comparatively evaluated Ca absorption and retention, and changes in body composition in spontaneously genetically obese (ß) male rats fed three different dietary Ca levels: high 0.9% (HCa); normal: 0.5% (NCa); low: 0.2% (LCa). METHODS: Pregnant rats were fed isocaloric diets which varied in Ca content only. Male pups continued feeding the same maternal diet until postnatal day 60. The percentage of Apparent Ca absorption (CaA %), Ca balance (CaB), body composition, glucose, triglycerides (TGL), and insulin levels were evaluated. RESULTS: Food consumption and body weight (BW) were higher in Group LCa than in Groups NCa and HCa (p < 0.01); no differences were observed between the latter two groups. Group LCa presented the highest body fat, liver weight, perigonadal and retroperitoneal fat (p < 0.05); conversely, body ashes and total skeleton bone mineral content were significantly lower compared with animals in both the NCa (p < 0.01) and HCa groups (p < 0.01). CaB (mg/day) reached a plateau at the highest CaI (mg/day) value (r = 0.985, p < 0.001). CaA%, serum glucose, insulin, and TGL levels rose as CaI decreased (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Although further studies are required, low Ca consumption in this strain of rats could modulate BW inducing changes in several lipid metabolism parameters, which in turn lead to an increase in body fat.
Asunto(s)
Composición Corporal , Calcio de la Dieta/farmacocinética , Calcio/metabolismo , Obesidad/genética , Adiposidad , Animales , Peso Corporal , Dieta , Femenino , Lactancia , Metabolismo de los Lípidos , Masculino , Embarazo , Índice de Embarazo , Ratas , Triglicéridos/sangreRESUMEN
No studies had investigated circadian and circannual rhythms of bone biomarkers in whole saliva. We evaluated the salivary daily and seasonal rhythm of carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and bone alkaline phosphatase (b-ALP). Forty clinical and oral healthy ambulatory pre- and postmenopausal women from two southern Argentine cities: Comodoro Rivadavia (latitude 45º S) and Ushuaia (latitude 54º S) were included in the study. CTX levels were evaluated in serum, urine, and saliva, and b-ALP levels were measured in serum and saliva. In both groups of women, salivary CTX showed a maximum percentage of change early in the morning (80%) and a minimum in the late afternoon (45%), similarly to the pattern observed in urinary samples. No daily rhythm was observed in serum or salivary b-ALP. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels decreased in winter vs. summer (p < 0.01) without differences between the two studied groups. Conversely, parathormone reached higher levels in winter (p < 0.05) which induced a slight non-significant increment in salivary CTX and b-ALP levels. The results showed that, as in serum and urinary samples, salivary CTX exhibits daily and a slight seasonal rhythmicity. Whole non-stimulated saliva is a useful tool to detect several oral and systemic diseases because it has important advantages compared to serum and urinary samples. Then, it may also be a promising sample to test changes in bone metabolism contributing to diagnose and to monitor the therapy of several metabolic bone diseases.
Asunto(s)
Fosfatasa Alcalina/análisis , Ritmo Circadiano , Colágeno Tipo I/análisis , Péptidos/análisis , Posmenopausia/metabolismo , Premenopausia/metabolismo , Proteínas y Péptidos Salivales/análisis , Adulto , Fosfatasa Alcalina/sangre , Biomarcadores/análisis , Biomarcadores/sangre , Biomarcadores/orina , Remodelación Ósea/fisiología , Calcio/sangre , Colágeno Tipo I/sangre , Colágeno Tipo I/orina , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hormona Paratiroidea/sangre , Péptidos/sangre , Péptidos/orina , Fósforo/sangre , Posmenopausia/sangre , Posmenopausia/orina , Premenopausia/sangre , Premenopausia/orina , Estaciones del Año , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados , Vitamina D/sangreRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To examine the interrelationships of body composition variables derived from simple anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). POPULATION, MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 230 healthy preschool children (118 males and 112 females) age 4-6 years, attending a day care center, were examined to determine body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Percentage of body fat content (%BF) was predicted by BIA (Maltron BF- 900) and DXA (Lunar DPX-L, pediatric software). RESULTS: BMI and WC did not show significant differences among sex, while %BF by BIA or DXA did. BIA measures were lower than DXA s (p <0.0001). Correlation between BIA vs. anthropometric methods and WC vs. DXA were moderate (Pearson r= 0.43 to 0.53), whereas the other correlations were strong (r= 0.71 to 0.83). However Bland Altman comparison showed wide limits of agreement between BIA and DXA; BIA significantly underestimated %BF as determined by DXA (p <0.0001). CONCLUSION: The methods used to estimate body composition in healthy preschool children highly correlated. However, the Bland Altman procedure suggests that BIA and DXA should not be used interchangeably.
Asunto(s)
Absorciometría de Fotón , Antropometría , Composición Corporal , Impedancia Eléctrica , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Objetivo. Comparar la composición corporal estimadapor dos métodos antropométricos simples ypor impedanciometría (BIA, por sus siglas en inglés)y absorciometría de doble haz de rayos X(DXA, por sus siglas en inglés) y estudiar las correlacionesexistentes entre ellos, en una poblaciónpreescolar de Argentina.Población, material y métodos. Se estudió transversalmenteuna población clínicamente sana, deedad comprendida entre 4 y 6 años, de 230 niños(118 varones y 112 niñas), que concurrían a JardinesIntegrales de La Matanza, Argentina. Se determinóel índice de masa corporal (IMC), la circunferenciade cintura (Cci) y el contenido de grasa corporal,expresado como porcentaje, por BIA (Maltron BF-900) y por DXA (densitómetro Lunar DPX-L, softwarepediátrico).Resultados. En IMC y Cci no se observaron diferenciasestadísticamente significativas entre ambossexos, pero sí en el porcentaje de grasa corporal porBIA o DXA. La correlación entre BIA y ambos métodosantropométricos fue moderada (r de Pearson=0,43-0,53), al igual que entre DXA y Cci (r= 0,66),mientras que las demás correlaciones fueron fuertes(r= 0,71-0,83). Las medidas obtenidas por BIA yDXA no concordaron (prueba de Bland Altman); sinembargo, las diferencias se distribuyeron en formahomogénea a lo largo del eje horizontal e independientementede las medias. BIA reprodujo valoresmás bajos de porcentaje de grasa corporal que DXA(p <0,0001).Conclusiones. Existe buena correlación entre losmétodos antropométricos sencillos y la bioimpedanciay DXA. Sin embargo, los resultados no sonintercambiables, incluso entre BIA y DXA (AU)
Objective. To examine the interrelationships of body composition variables derived from simple anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Population, material and methods. A total of 230 healthy preschool children (118 males and 112 females) age 4-6 years, attending a day care center, were examined to determine body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Percentage of body fat content (%BF) was predicted by BIA (Maltron BF- 900) and DXA (Lunar DPX-L, pediatric software). Results. BMI and WC did not show significant differences among sex, while %BF by BIA or DXA did. BIA measures were lower than DXA´s (p <0.0001). Correlation between BIA vs. anthropometric methods and WC vs. DXA were moderate (Pearson r= 0.43 to 0.53), whereas the other correlations were strong (r= 0.71 to 0.83). However Bland Altman comparison showed wide limits of agreementbetween BIA and DXA; BIA significantly underestimated %BF as determined by DXA (p <0.0001). Conclusion. The methods used to estimate body composition in healthy preschool children highly correlated. However, the Bland Altman procedure suggests that BIA and DXA should not be used interchangeably.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Preescolar , Niño , Composición Corporal , Antropometría , Absorciometría de Fotón , Peso por Estatura , Índice de Masa Corporal , Peso por Edad , Estudios Observacionales como Asunto , Estudios Transversales , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudio Comparativo , Interpretación Estadística de DatosRESUMEN
Objetivo. Comparar la composición corporal estimadapor dos métodos antropométricos simples ypor impedanciometría (BIA, por sus siglas en inglés)y absorciometría de doble haz de rayos X(DXA, por sus siglas en inglés) y estudiar las correlacionesexistentes entre ellos, en una poblaciónpreescolar de Argentina.Población, material y métodos. Se estudió transversalmenteuna población clínicamente sana, deedad comprendida entre 4 y 6 años, de 230 niños(118 varones y 112 niñas), que concurrían a JardinesIntegrales de La Matanza, Argentina. Se determinóel índice de masa corporal (IMC), la circunferenciade cintura (Cci) y el contenido de grasa corporal,expresado como porcentaje, por BIA (Maltron BF-900) y por DXA (densitómetro Lunar DPX-L, softwarepediátrico).Resultados. En IMC y Cci no se observaron diferenciasestadísticamente significativas entre ambossexos, pero sí en el porcentaje de grasa corporal porBIA o DXA. La correlación entre BIA y ambos métodosantropométricos fue moderada (r de Pearson=0,43-0,53), al igual que entre DXA y Cci (r= 0,66),mientras que las demás correlaciones fueron fuertes(r= 0,71-0,83). Las medidas obtenidas por BIA yDXA no concordaron (prueba de Bland Altman); sinembargo, las diferencias se distribuyeron en formahomogénea a lo largo del eje horizontal e independientementede las medias. BIA reprodujo valoresmás bajos de porcentaje de grasa corporal que DXA(p <0,0001).Conclusiones. Existe buena correlación entre losmétodos antropométricos sencillos y la bioimpedanciay DXA. Sin embargo, los resultados no sonintercambiables, incluso entre BIA y DXA
Objective. To examine the interrelationships of body composition variables derived from simple anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Population, material and methods. A total of 230 healthy preschool children (118 males and 112 females) age 4-6 years, attending a day care center, were examined to determine body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Percentage of body fat content (%BF) was predicted by BIA (Maltron BF- 900) and DXA (Lunar DPX-L, pediatric software). Results. BMI and WC did not show significant differences among sex, while %BF by BIA or DXA did. BIA measures were lower than DXA´s (p <0.0001). Correlation between BIA vs. anthropometric methods and WC vs. DXA were moderate (Pearson r= 0.43 to 0.53), whereas the other correlations were strong (r= 0.71 to 0.83). However Bland Altman comparison showed wide limits of agreementbetween BIA and DXA; BIA significantly underestimated %BF as determined by DXA (p <0.0001). Conclusion. The methods used to estimate body composition in healthy preschool children highly correlated. However, the Bland Altman procedure suggests that BIA and DXA should not be used interchangeably.
Asunto(s)
Preescolar , Niño , Absorciometría de Fotón , Antropometría , Composición Corporal , Índice de Masa Corporal , Peso por Edad , Peso por Estatura , Estudio Comparativo , Estudios Transversales , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudios Observacionales como Asunto , Interpretación Estadística de DatosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Previously, we measured bone alkaline phosphatase (b-ALP) and terminal C-telopeptide of collagen type I (CTX) in saliva. The present longitudinal experimental study sought to determine whether salivary concentrations of b-ALP and CTX have the same response as in serum samples under different conditions: normal, increased, and reduced bone remodeling. METHODS: Thirty rats were ovariectomized (OVX) to induce osteopenia 60 days after surgery, and 10 rats were sham operated. Then, the rats were divided into four groups and treated as follows for 45 days: group 1 (G1) = SHAM + vehicle; group 2 (G2) = OVX + 8 microg olpadronate (OPD)/100 g of body weight; group 3 (G3) = OVX + 4 microg OPD/100 g of body weight; and group 4 (G4) = OVX + vehicle. Saliva and serum CTX and b-ALP were determined at 60 days (baseline) and at 75 days (T(75)). Lumbar spine and proximal tibia bone mineral density (BMD) was determined using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at baseline and at 105 days. RESULTS: SHAM baseline and T(75) salivary b-ALP and CTX levels correlated with serum concentrations (P <0.01 and P <0.004, respectively). A correlation was observed between saliva and serum concentrations of b-ALP and CTX in OVX at baseline (P <0.0001 and P <0.004, respectively). Baseline salivary b-ALP and CTX levels were lower in SHAM animals compared to OVX groups (P <0.01). After treatment, T(75) saliva and serum CTX remained higher in G4 compared to G1 (P <0.05), was lower in G2 than in G1 (P <0.01) and G3 (P <0.01), and was similar in G1 and G3. Changes in BMD were the result of variations in salivary CTX levels due to OPD treatment (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Saliva determinations may prove to be practical and reliable for the detection of systemic signs of increased bone remodeling, particularly in cases involving pediatric, obese, and elderly patients, and in screening large populations. Moreover, saliva CTX may be one of the best candidate markers to detect the activity and severity of periodontal disease.
Asunto(s)
Fosfatasa Alcalina/análisis , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas/metabolismo , Remodelación Ósea/fisiología , Colágeno Tipo I/análisis , Péptidos/análisis , Saliva/química , Absorciometría de Fotón , Fosfatasa Alcalina/sangre , Fosfatasa Alcalina/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Biomarcadores/análisis , Biomarcadores/sangre , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Densidad Ósea/fisiología , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/administración & dosificación , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas/sangre , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Remodelación Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Colágeno Tipo I/sangre , Colágeno Tipo I/efectos de los fármacos , Difosfonatos/administración & dosificación , Difosfonatos/uso terapéutico , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Vértebras Lumbares/patología , Ovariectomía , Péptidos/sangre , Péptidos/efectos de los fármacos , Vehículos Farmacéuticos , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Saliva/efectos de los fármacos , Tibia/patología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Bone markers are useful tools to measure bone remodeling; currently they are assessed in serum and urinary samples; however there is little information concerning their measurement in saliva. The present experimental study evaluates the possibility to measure collagen type I carboxiterminal telopeptide (CTX) and bone alkaline phosphatase (b-AP) in saliva, its correlation with serum samples in normal conditions and in the increase of the bone remodeling due to estrogen deficiency. Twenty four normal adult Wistar rats (300 +/- 20 g) [12 SHAM and 12 rats after 1 week of bilateral ovariectomy (OVX)] were studied. Fasting serum and total saliva after stimulation with pilocarpine were collected. In both samples were measured: CTX (ng/ml) by ELISA (RatLabs, Osteometer Bio Tech, Denmark) and b-AP (IU/L) (Wiener, colorimetrically). Both CTX and b-AL in serum samples were significantly higher in OVX than in SHAM rats (15.3 +/- 4.0 vs. 21.8 +/- 6.4, p < 0.05 y 71 +/- 29 vs. 104 +/- 23; p < 0.01, respectively). Saliva presented the same behaviour (3.6 +/- 0.5 vs. 6.4 +/- 2.9; p < 0.02 y 73 +/- 29 vs. 90 +/- 8; p < 0.003, respectively). When saliva CTX and b-AP were plotted against serum concentration significant positive correlations were obtained: r = 0.58, p < 0.05 and r = 0.59; p < 0.05, respectively. In conclusion, the present results are promisory in the sense of the potential use of a salivary-based test for evaluating bone remodeling. However, the use of this methodology for clinical practice needs extensive additional investigations.
Asunto(s)
Fosfatasa Alcalina/análisis , Remodelación Ósea/fisiología , Colágeno Tipo I/análisis , Saliva/química , Fosfatasa Alcalina/sangre , Animales , Biomarcadores/análisis , Biomarcadores/sangre , Colágeno Tipo I/sangre , Ratas , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
The present study was carried out to obtain an experimental model of vitamin D (vit D) insufficiency and established osteopenia (experiment 1) to then investigate whether vit D status, i.e. normal or insufficient, interferes with bone mass recovery resulting from bisphosphonate therapy (experiment 2). Rats (n = 40) underwent OVX (n = 32) or a sham operation (n = 8). The first 15 days post-surgery, all groups were kept under fluorescent tube lighting and fed a diet containing 200 IU% vit D (+D). They were then assigned during an additional 45 days to receive either +D or a diet lacking vit D (-D) and kept under 12 h light/dark cycles using fluorescent or red lighting. Serum 25HOD was significantly lower in -D rats (P < 0.0001). The type of lighting did not induce differences in 25OHD, calcium (sCa), phosphorus (sP), bone alkaline phosphatase (b-AL), CTX, bone density or histology. No osteoid was observed in undecalcified bone sections. Experiment 2 (105 days): rats were fed either +D or -D according to experiment 1 and were treated with either placebo or 16 mug olpadronate (OPD)/100 g rat/week during the last 45 days. Whereas 25HOD was significantly lower (P < 0.0001) in -D/OPD than in +D/OPD rats, no significant differences in sCa, sP, b-AL or CTX were observed. OPD prevented the loss of lumbar spine (LS) and proximal tibia (PT) BMD and the decrease in bone volume (BV/TV) (P < 0.05) and in the number of trabeculae observed in untreated rats. However, +D/OPD animals presented significantly higher values of LS BMD, PT BMD and BV/TV than -D/OPD rats (P < 0.05). No osteoid was observed in undecalcified sections of bone. In summary, this is the first experimental study to provide evidence that differences in vit D status may affect the anticatabolic response to bisphosphonate treatment. However, the molecular mechanism through which vit D insufficiency reduces the effect of the aminobisphosphonate remains to be defined.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas/prevención & control , Difosfonatos/farmacología , Ovariectomía/efectos adversos , Deficiencia de Vitamina D/complicaciones , Fosfatasa Alcalina/metabolismo , Animales , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/administración & dosificación , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/farmacología , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas/etiología , Huesos/efectos de los fármacos , Huesos/metabolismo , Huesos/patología , Calcio/sangre , Difosfonatos/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Fosfatos/sangre , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Vitamina D/administración & dosificación , Vitamina D/farmacología , Deficiencia de Vitamina D/sangre , Deficiencia de Vitamina D/patologíaRESUMEN
Si bien es conocida la utilidad de marcadores óseos en suero u orina para determinar cambios en el remodelamiento óseo, la misma no ha sido totalmente estudiada en saliva. Este trabajo evalúa la correlación entre dos marcadores del recambio óseo: la fosfatasa alcalina ósea (isoforma ósea, FAO) y el telopéptido C-terminal del colágeno tipo I (CTX), medidos simultáneamente en suero y saliva de ratas Wistar (250 a 300 g), SHAM (n=12) y ovariectomizadas (OVX) (n=12). Luego de una semana de la cirugía se extrajo sangre en ayunas y saliva total estimulada donde se evaluó CTX (ELISA, RatLabs, Osteometer Bio Tech, Dinamarca) y FAO (Wiener, colorimetría). En el suero, tanto CTX (ng/ml) como FAO (UI/l) en ratas OVX fueron significativamente mayores que en ratas SHAM (15.3±4.0 vs. 21.8±6.4, p<0.05 y 71±29 vs. 104±23; p<0.01, respectivamente). En saliva se observó el mismo comportamiento (3.6±0.5 vs. 6.4±2.9; p<0.02 y 73±29 vs.90±8; p<0.003, respectivamente). Las concentraciones de CTX y FAO en saliva se correlacionaron positivamente con los respectivos niveles sanguíneos (r= 0.58, p<0.05 y r= 0.59, p<0.05, respectivamente). Los resultados del presente estudio preliminar y la sencillez en la obtención de la saliva total ofrecerían una alternativa no invasiva al suero para la medición del remodelamiento óseo. Sin embargo, la aplicación de esta metodología a la clínica humana requiere extensas investigaciones adicionales.(AU)
Bone markers are useful tools to measure bone remodeling; currently they are assessed in serum and urinary samples; however there is little information concerning their measurement in saliva. The present experimental study evaluates the possibility to measure collagen type I carboxiterminal telopeptide (CTX) and bone alkaline hosphatase (b-AP) in saliva, its correlation with serum samples in normal conditions and in the increase of the bone remodeling due to estrogen deficiency. Twenty four normal adult Wistar rats (300±20 g) [12 SHAM and 12 rats after 1 week of bilateral ovariectomy (OVX)] were studied. Fasting serum and total saliva after stimulation with pilocarpine were collected. In both samples were measured: CTX (ng/ml) by ELISA (RatLabs, Osteometer Bio Tech, Denmark) and b-AP (IU/L) (Wiener, colorimetrically). Both CTX and b-AL in serum samples were significantly higher in OVX than in SHAM rats (15.3±4.0 vs. 21.8±6.4, p<0.05 y 71±29 vs. 104±23; p<0.01, respectively). Saliva presented the same behaviour (3.6±0.5 vs. 6.4±2.9; p<0.02 y 73±29 vs. 90±8; p<0.003, respectively). When saliva CTX and b-AP were plotted against serum concentration significant positive correlations were obtained: r=0.58, p<0.05 and r=0.59; p<0.05, respectively. In conclusion, the present results are promisory in the sense of the potential use of a salivary-based test for evaluating bone remodeling. However, the use of this methodology for clinical practice needs extensive additional investigations. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Estudio Comparativo , Animales , Ratas , Fosfatasa Alcalina/análisis , Biomarcadores/análisis , Remodelación Ósea/fisiología , Colágeno Tipo I/análisis , Saliva/química , Biomarcadores/sangre , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Si bien es conocida la utilidad de marcadores óseos en suero u orina para determinar cambios en el remodelamiento óseo, la misma no ha sido totalmente estudiada en saliva. Este trabajo evalúa la correlación entre dos marcadores del recambio óseo: la fosfatasa alcalina ósea (isoforma ósea, FAO) y el telopéptido C-terminal del colágeno tipo I (CTX), medidos simultáneamente en suero y saliva de ratas Wistar (250 a 300 g), SHAM (n=12) y ovariectomizadas (OVX) (n=12). Luego de una semana de la cirugía se extrajo sangre en ayunas y saliva total estimulada donde se evaluó CTX (ELISA, RatLabs, Osteometer Bio Tech, Dinamarca) y FAO (Wiener, colorimetría). En el suero, tanto CTX (ng/ml) como FAO (UI/l) en ratas OVX fueron significativamente mayores que en ratas SHAM (15.3±4.0 vs. 21.8±6.4, p<0.05 y 71±29 vs. 104±23; p<0.01, respectivamente). En saliva se observó el mismo comportamiento (3.6±0.5 vs. 6.4±2.9; p<0.02 y 73±29 vs.90±8; p<0.003, respectivamente). Las concentraciones de CTX y FAO en saliva se correlacionaron positivamente con los respectivos niveles sanguíneos (r= 0.58, p<0.05 y r= 0.59, p<0.05, respectivamente). Los resultados del presente estudio preliminar y la sencillez en la obtención de la saliva total ofrecerían una alternativa no invasiva al suero para la medición del remodelamiento óseo. Sin embargo, la aplicación de esta metodología a la clínica humana requiere extensas investigaciones adicionales.(AU)
Bone markers are useful tools to measure bone remodeling; currently they are assessed in serum and urinary samples; however there is little information concerning their measurement in saliva. The present experimental study evaluates the possibility to measure collagen type I carboxiterminal telopeptide (CTX) and bone alkaline hosphatase (b-AP) in saliva, its correlation with serum samples in normal conditions and in the increase of the bone remodeling due to estrogen deficiency. Twenty four normal adult Wistar rats (300±20 g) [12 SHAM and 12 rats after 1 week of bilateral ovariectomy (OVX)] were studied. Fasting serum and total saliva after stimulation with pilocarpine were collected. In both samples were measured: CTX (ng/ml) by ELISA (RatLabs, Osteometer Bio Tech, Denmark) and b-AP (IU/L) (Wiener, colorimetrically). Both CTX and b-AL in serum samples were significantly higher in OVX than in SHAM rats (15.3±4.0 vs. 21.8±6.4, p<0.05 y 71±29 vs. 104±23; p<0.01, respectively). Saliva presented the same behaviour (3.6±0.5 vs. 6.4±2.9; p<0.02 y 73±29 vs. 90±8; p<0.003, respectively). When saliva CTX and b-AP were plotted against serum concentration significant positive correlations were obtained: r=0.58, p<0.05 and r=0.59; p<0.05, respectively. In conclusion, the present results are promisory in the sense of the potential use of a salivary-based test for evaluating bone remodeling. However, the use of this methodology for clinical practice needs extensive additional investigations. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Estudio Comparativo , Animales , Ratas , Fosfatasa Alcalina/análisis , Biomarcadores/análisis , Remodelación Ósea/fisiología , Colágeno Tipo I/análisis , Saliva/química , Biomarcadores/sangre , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Si bien es conocida la utilidad de marcadores óseos en suero u orina para determinar cambios en el remodelamiento óseo, la misma no ha sido totalmente estudiada en saliva. Este trabajo evalúa la correlación entre dos marcadores del recambio óseo: la fosfatasa alcalina ósea (isoforma ósea, FAO) y el telopéptido C-terminal del colágeno tipo I (CTX), medidos simultáneamente en suero y saliva de ratas Wistar (250 a 300 g), SHAM (n=12) y ovariectomizadas (OVX) (n=12). Luego de una semana de la cirugía se extrajo sangre en ayunas y saliva total estimulada donde se evaluó CTX (ELISA, RatLabs, Osteometer Bio Tech, Dinamarca) y FAO (Wiener, colorimetría). En el suero, tanto CTX (ng/ml) como FAO (UI/l) en ratas OVX fueron significativamente mayores que en ratas SHAM (15.3±4.0 vs. 21.8±6.4, p<0.05 y 71±29 vs. 104±23; p<0.01, respectivamente). En saliva se observó el mismo comportamiento (3.6±0.5 vs. 6.4±2.9; p<0.02 y 73±29 vs.90±8; p<0.003, respectivamente). Las concentraciones de CTX y FAO en saliva se correlacionaron positivamente con los respectivos niveles sanguíneos (r= 0.58, p<0.05 y r= 0.59, p<0.05, respectivamente). Los resultados del presente estudio preliminar y la sencillez en la obtención de la saliva total ofrecerían una alternativa no invasiva al suero para la medición del remodelamiento óseo. Sin embargo, la aplicación de esta metodología a la clínica humana requiere extensas investigaciones adicionales.
Bone markers are useful tools to measure bone remodeling; currently they are assessed in serum and urinary samples; however there is little information concerning their measurement in saliva. The present experimental study evaluates the possibility to measure collagen type I carboxiterminal telopeptide (CTX) and bone alkaline hosphatase (b-AP) in saliva, its correlation with serum samples in normal conditions and in the increase of the bone remodeling due to estrogen deficiency. Twenty four normal adult Wistar rats (300±20 g) [12 SHAM and 12 rats after 1 week of bilateral ovariectomy (OVX)] were studied. Fasting serum and total saliva after stimulation with pilocarpine were collected. In both samples were measured: CTX (ng/ml) by ELISA (RatLabs, Osteometer Bio Tech, Denmark) and b-AP (IU/L) (Wiener, colorimetrically). Both CTX and b-AL in serum samples were significantly higher in OVX than in SHAM rats (15.3±4.0 vs. 21.8±6.4, p<0.05 y 71±29 vs. 104±23; p<0.01, respectively). Saliva presented the same behaviour (3.6±0.5 vs. 6.4±2.9; p<0.02 y 73±29 vs. 90±8; p<0.003, respectively). When saliva CTX and b-AP were plotted against serum concentration significant positive correlations were obtained: r=0.58, p<0.05 and r=0.59; p<0.05, respectively. In conclusion, the present results are promisory in the sense of the potential use of a salivary-based test for evaluating bone remodeling. However, the use of this methodology for clinical practice needs extensive additional investigations.