RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To investigate the osseointegration properties of prototyped implants with tridimensionally interconnected pores made of the Ti6Al4V alloy and the influence of a thin calcium phosphate coating. METHODS: Bilateral critical size calvarial defects were created in thirty Wistar rats and filled with coated and uncoated implants in a randomized fashion. The animals were kept for 15, 45 and 90 days. Implant mechanical integration was evaluated with a push-out test. Bone-implant interface was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: The maximum force to produce initial displacement of the implants increased during the study period, reaching values around 100N for both types of implants. Intimate contact between bone and implant was present, with progressive bone growth into the pores. No significant differences were seen between coated and uncoated implants. CONCLUSION: Adequate osseointegration can be achieved in calvarial reconstructions using prototyped Ti6Al4V Implants with the described characteristics of surface and porosity.
Asunto(s)
Cerámica/uso terapéutico , Implantes Experimentales , Oseointegración/fisiología , Cráneo/cirugía , Titanio/uso terapéutico , Animales , Fosfatos de Calcio , Cerámica/química , Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos , Masculino , Ensayo de Materiales , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Ratas Wistar , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Espectrometría por Rayos X , Propiedades de Superficie , Factores de Tiempo , Titanio/química , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Additive manufacturing (AM) technology from engineering has helped to achieve several advances in the medical field, particularly as far as fabrication of implants is concerned. The use of AM has made it possible to carry out surgical planning and simulation using a three-dimensional physical model which accurately represents the patient's anatomy. AM technology enables the production of models and implants directly from a 3D virtual model, facilitating surgical procedures and reducing risks. Furthermore, AM has been used to produce implants designed for individual patients in areas of medicine such as craniomaxillofacial surgery, with optimal size, shape and mechanical properties. This work presents AM technologies which were applied to design and fabricate a biomodel and customized implant for the surgical reconstruction of a large cranial defect. A series of computed tomography data was obtained and software was used to extract the cranial geometry. The protocol presented was used to create an anatomic biomodel of the bone defect for surgical planning and, finally, the design and manufacture of the patient-specific implant.
Asunto(s)
Diseño Asistido por Computadora , Imagenología Tridimensional/métodos , Modelos Anatómicos , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Prótesis e Implantes , Diseño de Prótesis , Cráneo/cirugía , Aleaciones/química , Materiales Biocompatibles/química , Ingeniería Biomédica , Tecnología Biomédica , Simulación por Computador , Craniectomía Descompresiva/efectos adversos , Hueso Frontal/lesiones , Hueso Frontal/cirugía , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/métodos , Masculino , Planificación de Atención al Paciente , Impresión Tridimensional , Programas Informáticos , Cirugía Asistida por Computador , Titanio/química , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Interfaz Usuario-Computador , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To investigate the osseointegration properties of prototyped implants with tridimensionally interconnected pores made of the Ti6Al4V alloy and the influence of a thin calcium phosphate coating. METHODS: Bilateral critical size calvarial defects were created in thirty Wistar rats and filled with coated and uncoated implants in a randomized fashion. The animals were kept for 15, 45 and 90 days. Implant mechanical integration was evaluated with a push-out test. Bone-implant interface was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: The maximum force to produce initial displacement of the implants increased during the study period, reaching values around 100N for both types of implants. Intimate contact between bone and implant was present, with progressive bone growth into the pores. No significant differences were seen between coated and uncoated implants. CONCLUSION: Adequate osseointegration can be achieved in calvarial reconstructions using prototyped Ti6Al4V Implants with the described characteristics of surface and porosity. .
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Cerámica/uso terapéutico , Implantes Experimentales , Oseointegración/fisiología , Cráneo/cirugía , Titanio/uso terapéutico , Fosfatos de Calcio , Materiales Biocompatibles Revestidos , Cerámica/química , Ensayo de Materiales , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Ratas Wistar , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Espectrometría por Rayos X , Propiedades de Superficie , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Titanio/químicaRESUMEN
PURPOSE:To investigate the osseointegration properties of prototyped implants with tridimensionally interconnected pores made of the Ti6Al4V alloy and the influence of a thin calcium phosphate coating.METHODS:Bilateral critical size calvarial defects were created in thirty Wistar rats and filled with coated and uncoated implants in a randomized fashion. The animals were kept for 15, 45 and 90 days. Implant mechanical integration was evaluated with a push-out test. Bone-implant interface was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy.RESULTS:The maximum force to produce initial displacement of the implants increased during the study period, reaching values around 100N for both types of implants. Intimate contact between bone and implant was present, with progressive bone growth into the pores. No significant differences were seen between coated and uncoated implants.CONCLUSION:Adequate osseointegration can be achieved in calvarial reconstructions using prototyped Ti6Al4V Implants with the described characteristics of surface and porosity.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Ratas , Oseointegración , Titanio , Prótesis e Implantes , Materiales Biocompatibles , Cerámica , Cráneo/lesiones , Cráneo/trasplanteRESUMEN
O desenvolvimento de polímeros bioabsorvíveis pode ser considerado como um avanço no desenvolvimento de materiais biomédicos. Materiais bioabsorvíveis apresentam numerosas aplicações na Medicina. A proposta deste trabalho foi estudar blendas de Poli(L-ácido láctico) e Poli(3-hidroxibutirato-co-3-hidroxivalerato) PLLA/PHBV em diferentes composições (100/0, 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, e 0/100), obtidas através da fusão dos polímeros em uma mini injetora Mini Max Molder, obtendo pinos de 31x90 mm. As blendas foram caracterizadas através das análises de Calorimetria Diferencial de Varredura(DSC), Análise Dinâmico-Mecânica(DMA), Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura(SEM) e ensaios mecânicos. As análises de DSC e DMA mostraram que as blendas de PLLA/PHBV apresentaram duas temperaturas de transição vítrea, cristalização e fusão distintas, respectivas aos polímeros puros, indicando a imiscibilidade das blendas em todas as composições. Através do SEM foi possível observar que tanto os polímeros puros como as blendas apresentaram uma morfologia densa, sendo que nas blendas verificou-se a presença de duas fases, confirmando os dados de DSC e DMA. Os testes de ensaio mecânico de flexão mostraram que o PLLA impõe maior resistência mecânica e flexibilidade ao sistema. Devido à sua boa compatibilização térmica e mecânica, as blendas de PLLA/PHBV, mostraram ser uma boa alternativa para aplicação na área ortopédica