RESUMEN

The feminization and middle age decreasing in general practitioner profession is a worldwide trend.Purpose of the study is to explore gender and age structure, professional characteristics of general practitioners in Moscow.The retrospective analysis of personal records of students of the Chair of General Medical Practice of the Institute of Professional Education of the The I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University trained from 2016 to 2020 (n = 400).It is established that women made 80.5% out of them. The average age was 50.7 ± 0.7 years; average general professional experience - 28.8 ± 0.8 years, in general medical practice - 9.7 ± 0.3 years. The internship/residency in therapy was graduated by 84.2% of students. Up to 96.3% worked in state medical organizations. The majority (97.0%) had no academic degree. Indicators with positive dynamics: share of women, physicians with internship/residency in therapy, employees of state medical organizations, without an academic degree. Indicators with negative dynamics: age, professional experience. Differences between men and women were established for residency and professional experience in general medical practice.The average social and professional portrait of general practitioner in Moscow: woman 50 years old graduated internship/residency in therapy, professional experience of more than 20 years, with professional retraining about 10 years ago, working in state medical organization, no academic degree.The activities were proposed considering gender and age specifics, professional characteristics of general practitioners, directed to increasing efficiency and comfort of training.

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RESUMEN

Russia 's joining the European higher educational space and an increase in the international competitive capacity of the European higher educational system envisage first of all that the European credit test system (ECTS) should be accepted and introduced into all national higher educational schools, which ensures both credit test and cumulative functions and guarantees the academic recognition of the education abroad. The issues of modernization of approaches to reforming the continuous postgraduate training of physicians, by using the credit test system, as well as new forms and technologies for an educational process in accordance with the European educational system principles are under discussion. The novelty of the proposed development is that the credit test system is first applied to the continuous postgraduate training of physicians within the framework of the Russian higher medical educational system. The Russian continuous postgraduate medical training pattern that is common in form and content is proposed in accordance with the Bologna declaration principles; approaches have been developed to incorporating the European educational traditions into the Russian national continuous postgraduate medical training system, by employing the credit test system; criteria have been elaborated for adapting the European credit test system at all stages of reformation of the Russian educational system; guidelines have been worked out for the conversion of academic load of various forms of the continuous postgraduate training of physicians to the credit test system; ways of introducing the new forms and technologies into an educational process have been proposed in accordance with the European education system principles, by taking into account the credit test system. The introduction of new technologies of an educational process, by using the credit test system will contribute to personality formation in a physician who has a high competence, a capacity for valuable independent work in health cared facilities and further postgraduate training during his/her professional activities, which is required to provide a high-skill aid to patients in compliance with his/ her work status and employment place.

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