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Objective:To explore clinical significance of prehospital first aid in treatment of patients with cardiopul-monary arrest caused by electrical shock.Methods:A total of 85 patients with cardiopulmonary arrest caused by e-lectrical shock,who hospitalized in our community health service center from Jul 2002 to Feb 2014,were selected. Influence of different factors of prehospital first aid on success rate of recovery and survival rate were explored.Re-sults:After prehospital first aid,heart beat and respiration recovered in 21 cases (24.7%)and 13 patients (15.3%) survived and discharged in 85 subjects.Success rate of recovery and survival rate on discharge in patients with age ≥60 years and high voltage wound were lower,but without significant difference compared with those of 0.05);for the time from electric shock to cardiopulmonary resuscitation,success rate of recovery and survival rate on discharge were the highest in 16min,P <0.05 or <0.01. Conclusion:Early prehospital first aids,such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation etc,can significantly improve progno-sis in patients with cardiopulmonary arrest caused by electrical shock.
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BACKGROUND: In clinical practice, the common strategy for immunotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is to infuse cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) lines several times by intravenous injection, but it is difficult by laboratory research to investigate the relationship between treatment time-point, the amount of CTL added and the therapeutic effect. The objective of this study is to establish a mathematical model to study the therapeutic effect of different treatment time-points and amounts of CTL, and to predict the change in therapeutic effect when the percentage of EBV LMP2-specific CTL is increased from 10% to 20%. RESULTS: The concentration of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the tumor cell cytomembranes increases after CTL is added. Concurrently, there is a marked downward trend of the phosphorylated transforming growth factor-α (TGFα)-EGFR complex in the tumor cell cytomembranes, which indicates restriction of tumor growth after CTL immunotherapy. The relationships among the time of addition of CTL, the amount of CTL added, different CTL specificities for LMP2 and the increment rate k of the total number of tumor cells were evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: The simulation results quantify the relationships among treatment time-points, amount of CTL added, and the corresponding therapeutic effect of immunotherapy for NPC.
Asunto(s)
Inmunoterapia , Modelos Inmunológicos , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/inmunología , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/terapia , Linfocitos T Citotóxicos/inmunología , Carcinoma , Simulación por Computador , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Humanos , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patología , Fosforilación , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Factores de Tiempo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador alfa/metabolismo , Proteínas de la Matriz Viral/metabolismoRESUMEN
An improving method, named direction-coding, is presented in this paper for plotting isodose curves in brachytherapy treatment planning. It is not necessary to find solutions of the intersection point of two lines and distance between two points. All possible curves can be searched with the simplified algorithm. The method is well applied in brachytherapy treatment planning.