RESUMEN
AIM: This study study aimed to investigate the effects of explicit and tacit knowledge sharing on clinical decision-making abilities and the mediating role of trust among registered nurses at Korean hospitals. BACKGROUND: Decision-making abilities comprise a key area of nursing practice and link nurses' perceptions with behaviours. INTRODUCTION: Tacit knowledge is embedded within an individual and cannot be expressed or transmitted to other people in a specific form. Over time, new nurses gradually gain experience and tacit knowledge and become experts. Trust, an organizational characteristic, may serve as a potential mediator in the association between knowledge sharing and decision-making abilities among nurses. However, few studies have investigated the mediatory role of trust in this association. METHOD: The data were collected from 210 nurses selected via random sampling. The research instrument in the model included Knowledge-Sharing Behavior, Trust, and Clinical Decision-Making in Nursing Scale. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the collected data. FINDINGS: The study findings showed that explicit knowledge sharing directly affects decision-making abilities, whereas tacit knowledge sharing is only associated with decision-making abilities when trust plays a mediating role. DISCUSSION: A higher level of organizational trust can improve clinical decision-making abilities via tacit knowledge sharing. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that unlike explicit knowledge, which is shared more easily, tacit knowledge sharing does not directly lead to clinical decision-making abilities. A higher level of organizational trust leads to a stronger beneficial effect of tacit knowledge sharing on clinical decision-making abilities. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: These findings concerning the mediatory role of trust on the association between knowledge sharing and clinical decision-making abilities provide new knowledge that will allow nurses, managers, and researchers to support the clinical decision-making abilities of nurses.
Asunto(s)
Conducta Cooperativa , Relaciones Interprofesionales , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital/psicología , Confianza/psicología , Compromiso Laboral , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Humanos , Gestión del Conocimiento , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital/organización & administración , Cultura OrganizacionalRESUMEN
An insect defensin, named Galleria defensin, was purified from the larval haemolymph of Galleria mellonella immunized against E. coli. The peptide was composed of forty-three amino acid residues containing six cysteines that might be engaged in intramolecular disulphide bridges. The primary structure of Galleria defensin shared about 90.7% identity to that of heliomicin, which was an insect defensin isolated from Heliothis virescens. The full-length cDNA encoding Galleria defensin was cloned from the fat body of the immunized G. mellonella larvae. Northern blot analysis revealed that Galleria defensin was expressed not only in the fat body but also in the midgut against invading bacteria into haemocoel. This is the first report presenting cDNA and expression of an insect defensin in the lepidopteran species.
Asunto(s)
Defensinas/genética , Expresión Génica , Mariposas Nocturnas/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Northern Blotting , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cartilla de ADN , ADN Complementario/genética , Defensinas/aislamiento & purificación , Defensinas/metabolismo , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Cuerpo Adiposo/metabolismo , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Pulsed amperometric detection (PAD) is useful for detection of cephalosporins following separation on a C18 column using an acetate buffer solvent with a small percentage of organic modifier. Under these conditions, the indirect PAD mode worked better than direct PAD, with IPAD outperforming both. A gradient program was demonstrated that allowed separation and sensitive electrochemical detection of eleven different cephalosporins with widely differing side chain structures. The cephalosporins could be detected to sub-micromolar levels with this separation. Applications of the method for quantitation of pharmaceutical formulations and for monitoring cephalexin in porcine serum were demonstrated. To improve the detectability of cephalexin, an on-column concentration scheme using separate concentration and elution solvents was applied to porcine serum.