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1.
J Youth Adolesc ; 2024 Sep 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39289211

RESUMEN

Family resilience is crucial for individual's psychological health. Previous studies explored the protective factors of anxiety at the individual level, with less attention paid to the impact of family interaction from a dyadic perspective. This study utilized the Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediation Model to investigate the relationship between family resilience, emotional flexibility, and anxiety symptoms. A sample of 2144 Chinese parent-adolescent dyads (36% upper grades of primary school, 64% secondary school, 49.39% girls; 70.38% mothers) was recruited. Perceived family resilience was inversely related to anxiety symptoms, directly or indirectly, through the mediation of emotional flexibility at the individual level. At the dyadic level, adolescents' perceived family resilience was significantly associated with parents' anxiety symptoms through their own or parents' emotional flexibility. Parents' perceived family resilience was inversely link to adolescents' anxiety symptoms through parents' emotional flexibility. Parents emotional flexibility also mediated the association between adolescents' perceived family resilience and their anxiety symptoms. These findings contribute to understanding the intricate dynamics of family resilience and psychological outcomes in parent-child relationships under adversity, emphasizing the need for child-centered interventions to improve family members' mental health.

2.
Glob Ment Health (Camb) ; 11: e67, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39220110

RESUMEN

The classification of internet gaming disorder (IGD) as a mental condition for further study in 2013 marked the emerging recognition of potential mental health issues associated with internet and gaming addiction. The COVID-19 pandemic and the rapid growth of gaming technology have combined to increase internet gaming, resulting in unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, poor sleep quality and psychological distress. Identifying the complex interplay between internet problem use, sleep disorders and psychological distress is crucial. However, it remains unclear how physical activity and self-compassion could improve sleep quality when individuals experience IGD symptoms. The current study, therefore, examined the relationships between IGD, sleep quality, self-compassion, physical activity and psychological distress using a path analysis approach. The study, targeting young adults (N = 283), found that physical activity played a significant role in connecting the variables and supporting the overall fit of the model. The results suggest that interventions targeting individuals with IGD should focus on promoting physical activity participation and developing self-compassion. Future research should continue to investigate the effectiveness of clinical interventions that incorporate self-compassion and physical activity counseling for individuals with IGD.

3.
Psychiatry Res ; 339: 116076, 2024 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38996630

RESUMEN

The extent to which complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD) can be conceptualized as a dissociative disorder remains an ongoing debate. This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of dissociative symptoms in people with C-PTSD. We analyzed baseline data from an international randomized controlled trial. A total of 165 intervention seekers who met the ICD-11 criteria for C-PTSD completed standardized self-report measures of trauma, C-PTSD symptoms, dissociative symptoms, depressive symptoms, and work and social impairments. In this sample, only 42.3 % of participants exhibited clinically significant dissociative symptoms. Dissociative symptoms had a unique association with depressive symptoms and work and social impairments in our participants with C-PTSD, even after controlling for trauma exposure and C-PTSD symptoms. The data does not support the theory that C-PTSD is a dissociative disorder. However, the findings highlight the importance of recognizing dissociation in people with C-PTSD.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos Disociativos , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Humanos , Trastornos Disociativos/epidemiología , Femenino , Masculino , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Adulto , Prevalencia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Depresión/epidemiología , Adulto Joven , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica
4.
Arch Psychiatr Nurs ; 49: 118-125, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38734447

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In early 2020, Chinese children started to demonstrate severe depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSS) caused by lockdown and self-isolation (measures taken at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic). OBJECTIVES: Concerning the significant impact of the pandemic on children's physical and mental development, the study aimed to explore children's depression and PTSS during the COVID-19 pandemic and the protective effects of family resilience on the trajectories. METHODS: 883 children participated and completed three waves of online follow-up questionnaires. The latent growth mixture modeling (LGMM) analysis was used to explore the trajectories of children's depression and PTSS based on the individual approach. RESULTS: Two types of depression trajectories were identified and defined as the resilient group (83.01 %) and the recovery group (16.99 %); Two types of PTSS trajectories were identified and defined as the resilient group (71.12 %) and the recovery group (28.88 %); Two types of the joint trajectories of depression and PTSS were identified and defined as the resilient group (83.47 %) and the chronic group (16.53 %). The results indicated that maintaining a positive outlook (a dimension of family resilience) was the potential predictor of PTSS trajectories. CONCLUSION: The trajectories of depression and PTSS among Chinese children during the COVID-19 pandemic were heterogeneous, and there were similar evolving subtypes. Family resilience could be a critical protective factor for children and families.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Depresión , Resiliencia Psicológica , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , China/epidemiología , COVID-19/psicología , Depresión/psicología , Depresión/epidemiología , Pueblos del Este de Asia , Pandemias , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
5.
Heliyon ; 10(10): e31328, 2024 May 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38818142

RESUMEN

Although the COVID-19 mortality rate is declining, the number of individuals dealing with persistent COVID-19 symptoms is increasing worldwide, making long COVID a global public health concern. People with long COVID (long haulers) often deal with physical and mental stressors. Long haulers' psychological resilience could play a key role in coping with these stressors in intercorrelation with psychosocial resources. The current study aims to test a hypothesized relationship between social support and its functions (i.e., instrumental and emotional) and the resilience of long haulers through serial mediation by personal mastery and self-esteem. A cross-sectional and self-administered online survey was conducted among 460 individuals with long COVID recruited from COVID-19 Facebook support groups in the United States. Analyzing data indicated a positive correlation between social support and the resilience of long haulers. Structural equation modeling suggested that self-esteem and personal mastery fully mediated the association between social (instrumental) support and resilience. Personal mastery also mediated the association between self-esteem and resilience in social (instrumental) support models. However, in the emotional support model, the indirect effect was non-significant for the mediation by personal mastery and self-esteem. Findings suggest that social support, mainly instrumental support, may protect long haulers by promoting their resilience through self-esteem and personal mastery. This study emphasizes the importance of including social support services in designing programs for COVID-19 long haulers.

6.
Arch Psychiatr Nurs ; 50: 115-121, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38789223

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The family system is important for children's development. Previous research has demonstrated that some families are able to maintain good adaptability or resilience in the face of stressors. This study aimed to develop the revised Chinese version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale and examine the psychometric properties of the scale among children disadvantaged in adversity due to family migration. METHODS: A total of 1487 children (47.6 % girls) from disadvantaged families participated in this study, whom completed the revised Chinese version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale, the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale for Children. RESULTS: (1) Good language equivalency was found (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient = 0.96); (2) Item analysis indicated that the critical ratio values of all 45 items were above 0.30 (p < 0.001), except for 7 items that were dropped from further analysis; (3) The exploratory factor analysis indicated that the best model was four-factor model; (4) The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor model had good model fit; (5) Family resilience was significantly correlated with personal resilience and depression; (6) The internal consistency reliability of the scale was 0.95. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed that the revised Chinese version of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale was a reliable and valid instrument to assess family resilience of Chinese children who are disadvantaged.


Asunto(s)
Psicometría , Resiliencia Psicológica , Poblaciones Vulnerables , Humanos , Psicometría/instrumentación , Femenino , Masculino , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Poblaciones Vulnerables/psicología , Niño , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , China , Familia/psicología , Depresión/psicología
7.
Arch Psychiatr Nurs ; 48: 43-50, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38453281

RESUMEN

Prior studies have demonstrated that perceived stigma is robustly associated with risky and life-threatening behaviors, including non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, studies regarding the relationship between perceived stigma and NSSI are limited. The present study aimed to investigate the network structure of perceived stigma and NSSI functions, along with bridge nodes, to elucidate how they co-exist. A sample of 2610 Chinese MSM (mean age = 23.99, age range: 18-68 years) was recruited from an online survey platform. All participants completed a web-based survey with measures of perceived stigma and NSSI functions. Results indicated that 'negative attitudes towards homosexuality' and 'disappointment in gay son' were identified as the most central nodes in the perceived stigma network, whereas 'seeking attention' and 'influencing others to change' ranked highest on centrality in the NSSI network. Two bridge connections were exhibited within the combined perceived stigma and NSSI network model: 'unwelcoming in public' and 'avoiding unpleasant tasks' from perceived stigma and NSSI communities, respectively. This is among the first studies investigating the co-occurrence between perceived stigma and NSSI from the network approach. Our findings provide an empirically-based perspective on the importance of family- and community-based interventions, with potential clinical implications for reducing NSSI among sexual and gender minority groups.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Autodestructiva , Minorías Sexuales y de Género , Masculino , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Homosexualidad Masculina , Conducta Sexual , Emociones
8.
Arch Psychiatr Nurs ; 48: 51-58, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38453282

RESUMEN

Sexual minority men (SMM) in Zambia face significant challenges including stigma, discrimination, and mental health issues, which further impact their HIV-related risk behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the associations between enacted stigma, substance abuse, HIV-related behaviors, and mental health (i.e., depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD] symptoms) among SMM in Zambia. SMM aged 18-35 years who reported having multiple and/or concurrent sexual partners or low and/or inconsistent condom use in the past three months were recruited from four districts in Zambia between February and November 2021. Participants completed an anonymous interviewer-administered survey. Key variables of interest were compared between participants with higher vs. lower levels of enacted stigma. Independent samples t-tests were used for continuous variables, and chi-squared tests were used for categorical variables. A total of 197 eligible SMM participated in the study (mean age = 24.41 years). Participants with a higher level of enacted stigma showed a higher level of anxiety symptoms (χ2 = 12.91, p ≤ .001), PTSD symptoms (χ2 = 7.13, p < .01), tobacco use (χ2 = 10.47, p < .01), cannabis use (χ2 = 5.90, p < .05), and a higher number of sexual partners (t = 1.99, p < .05) in the past three months. Stigma reduction interventions may help mitigate substance abuse, HIV-related behaviors, and adverse mental health outcomes among SMM in Zambia. Health care providers, especially psychiatric-mental health nurses, can incorporate strategies for recognizing and addressing stigma into their practice through training and integrate multiple resources to create an inclusive and non-judgmental environment for SMM to improve their well-being.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH , Minorías Sexuales y de Género , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Salud Mental , Homosexualidad Masculina/psicología , Zambia/epidemiología , Estigma Social , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/psicología
9.
AIDS Behav ; 28(5): 1662-1672, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38329557

RESUMEN

Prior studies demonstrated that perceived social support is negatively associated with behavioral and mental health problems among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, longitudinal data regarding the associations between perceived social support, internalized HIV stigma, future orientation, and depressive symptoms are limited. The current study aimed to investigate the possible indirect relationship between these variables using four-wave follow-up data (6-month intervals) from a sample of 1,098 Chinese PLWH (Mage = 38.63, SD = 9.20, age range: 18-60 years; 63.9% men). All participants were asked to complete an adapted version of Perceived Social Support Scale, Internalized HIV Stigma Scale, Optimism About the Future Scale, and Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Results indicated that perceived social support at baseline was negatively related to depressive symptoms at wave 4. Internalized HIV stigma at wave 2 and future orientation at wave 3 indirectly affected the linkage between perceived social support at baseline and depressive symptoms serially over time. This study highlights the essential role of perceived social support in alleviating depressive symptoms among PLWH, and underscores the complex interplay in which internalized HIV stigma and future orientation serially mediated the relationship between perceived social support and depressive symptoms. These findings suggest the need for integrated interventions to enhance social support, address HIV-related stigma, and promote positive future orientation, which could potentially alleviate depressive symptoms and promote mental well-being among PLWH.


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Infecciones por VIH , Estigma Social , Apoyo Social , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/psicología , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Depresión/epidemiología , China/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Longitudinales , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
10.
AIDS Behav ; 28(5): 1684-1693, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38340222

RESUMEN

Prior research has documented that anticipated HIV stigma may play an important predictive role in medication adherence among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, longitudinal data on the mechanisms underlying this linkage are scarce. The current study aimed to explore the longitudinal mediation association among anticipated HIV stigma, medication adherence support, HIV self-management, and medication adherence. A four-wave sample consisting of 1,098 Chinese PLWH (Mage = 38.63, SD = 9.20; 63.9% male) with a six-month interval was used in the current study. Participants were asked to complete self-report questionnaires. A path analysis model was analyzed. Results indicate that anticipated HIV stigma at baseline was positively related to medication adherence at Time 4 (T4). Medication adherence support at Time 2 (T2) and HIV self-management at Time 3 (T3) serially mediated the anticipated HIV stigma at Time 1 (T1) and medication adherence at T4. These findings provide critical insights into the mediating roles of medication adherence support and HIV self-management in the relationship between anticipated HIV stigma and medication adherence over time. Such an understanding has important implications for the development of tailored interventions and public health strategies aimed at improving medication adherence among PLWH in the context of HIV-related stigma.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH , Cumplimiento de la Medicación , Estigma Social , Humanos , Cumplimiento de la Medicación/psicología , Cumplimiento de la Medicación/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por VIH/psicología , Femenino , Adulto , Estudios Longitudinales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fármacos Anti-VIH/uso terapéutico , China/epidemiología , Autoinforme , Apoyo Social , Automanejo/psicología
11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38219268

RESUMEN

Although there are an increasing number of studies that have explored the mental health consequences of COVID-19 focusing on revealing risk factors, the longitudinal research examining the potential mechanism of the co-occurrence of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depression symptoms among adolescents were scarce. The present study identified the important comorbidity symptoms and explored longitudinal relationship of PTSS and depression symptoms from the network perspective. A two-wave investigation (4 months interval; T1 and T2) was conducted with a sample of 1225 Chinese adolescents. Cross-sectional network and cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) analyses were adopted. Results showed that comorbidity symptoms consisted of both overlapping and non-overlapping symptoms, including "Future foreshortening" at T1 and T2 from PTSS, and "Hard to get started" at T1 and "Not sleep well" at T2 from depression symptoms. Strong longitudinal pathways appeared from all PTSS to depression symptoms, among which the pathway from "Difficulty concentrating" to "Hard to get started" was the strongest. These findings suggest that the possible comorbidity between PTSS and depression symptoms is caused by their independent and related structures, and their longitudinal association. Clinical intervention for these symptoms may alleviate adolescents' psychological problems in the aftermath of traumatic events.

12.
AIDS Behav ; 28(2): 439-449, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38048016

RESUMEN

Prior studies have demonstrated that HIV-related stigma (e.g., internalized HIV stigma) is detrimental to the physical and mental health (e.g., sleep impairment and depressive symptoms) of people living with HIV (PLWH). However, follow-up data are limited regarding the longitudinal relationships between internalized HIV stigma, future orientation, self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and sleep impairment. The present study attempted to examine a mediation model involving these variables among Chinese PLWH. A two-wave follow-up design (6 months intervals) was employed in a final sample of 1,140 Chinese PLWH (Mage = 41.63, SD = 9.29, age range: 21-67 years; 64.6% men). Participants completed Internalized HIV Stigma Scale, Optimism About the Future Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, and an adapted version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results revealed that internalized HIV stigma at baseline had a significant direct relationship with sleep impairment over time, and a significant indirect relationship with increased sleep impairment over time via future orientation and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the linkage between internalized HIV stigma and sleep impairment was serially mediated via self-esteem and depressive symptoms. This study highlights the deleterious effects of internalized HIV stigma on the physical and psychological health of PLWH. The findings suggest that interventions targeting internalized HIV stigma and related factors such as future orientation, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms may facilitate improvements in sleep quality and overall well-being among PLWH.


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Infecciones por VIH , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/psicología , Estigma Social , Sueño , China/epidemiología
13.
AIDS Behav ; 28(2): 645-656, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38091128

RESUMEN

Depression is one of the most common mental health problems among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, the longitudinal psychological mechanism underlying the link of internalized HIV stigma and depressive symptoms remains a research gap. This study attempted to articulate how and to what extent perceived social support and resilience mediate the longitudinal associations between internalized HIV stigma and depressive symptoms. A sample consisting of 1,098 Chinese PLWH (Mage = 38.63, SD = 9.20; 63.9% male) with a six-month interval and four waves of follow-up was used in the current study. Participants were asked to complete self-report questionnaires. The associations among main study variables were examined via a complete longitudinal mediation approach. Results indicated that the linkage between internalized HIV stigma at T1 and depressive symptoms at T4 was serially mediated by perceived social support at T2 and resilience at T3, and perceived social support at T2 and depressive symptoms at T3 serially mediated the relationship between resilience at T1 and internalized HIV stigma at T4. Depressive symptoms at a previous time point consistently predicted the levels of internalized HIV stigma at subsequent time points. The study highlights the complex interplay between internalized HIV stigma, mental health problems, and protective factors in a longitudinal context. The findings suggest the need to incorporate interventions aimed at enhancing social support and resilience in mental health programs for PLWH, as these factors may interrupt the pathway from internalized HIV stigma to depressive symptoms and potentially improve the overall psychological well-being of this population.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH , Resiliencia Psicológica , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Femenino , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/psicología , Estigma Social , Apoyo Social , China/epidemiología
14.
Child Abuse Negl ; 145: 106436, 2023 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37690435

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Childhood trauma is one of the most preventable risk factors for mental health problems. Considering the substantial amount of time that young people spend in school during their early years, it is important to understand the potential impacts of teachers' behaviors on students' mental health. OBJECTIVES: This study examined the relationship between exposure to teacher violence and mental health problems. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: An international sample of young adults aged 18 to 24 (N = 283). METHODS: Participants completed self-report measures of childhood trauma, exposure to teacher violence, depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress, and alcohol misuse. RESULTS: Exposure to teacher violence could be reliably and validly measured using the Teacher Violence Scale (TVS). Current mental health problems - including depressive symptoms, post-traumatic stress, and alcohol misuse - were associated with exposure to teacher violence during high school years, but not with childhood non-betrayal trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings expand the application of the betrayal trauma theory to school settings and point to the importance of preventing and managing teacher violence. It is important to provide more support and training to teachers and enhance monitoring measures in schools. More research on the prevalence and correlates of exposure to teacher violence is needed. We also provided first evidence supporting the reliability and validity of the English version of the TVS to facilitate future research.


Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo , Personal Docente , Adulto Joven , Humanos , Adolescente , Salud Mental , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Violencia , Etanol
15.
Arch Psychiatr Nurs ; 45: 81-88, 2023 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37544707

RESUMEN

Previous research has demonstrated that stigma is strongly related to depressive symptoms among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, data are limited regarding the associations between stigma, state mindfulness, self-efficacy, and depression symptoms. The current study aimed to analyze state mindfulness and self-efficacy as possible mediators between internalized and perceived stigma and depression symptoms. A sample of 2610 Chinese MSM (Mage = 23.99, SD = 6.09, age range: 18-68 years) was recruited from an online survey platform and completed the HIV and Homosexuality Related Stigma Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the short version of Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, and the Chinese General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results indicated that state mindfulness significantly mediated the linkage between internalized and perceived stigma and depressive symptoms, and self-efficacy significantly mediated the relation between state mindfulness and depression symptoms. Furthermore, internalized and perceived stigma were associated with depression symptoms through a serial mediation of state mindfulness and self-efficacy. This study highlights that state mindfulness and self-efficacy might play important roles in the psychological response of MSM to stigmatization and psychopathology symptoms.


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Homosexualidad Masculina , Control Interno-Externo , Análisis de Mediación , Atención Plena , Autoeficacia , Estigma Social , Adolescente , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , China , Depresión/psicología , Homosexualidad Masculina/psicología , Percepción , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Internet , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Infecciones por VIH/psicología
16.
AIDS Behav ; 27(12): 4052-4061, 2023 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37392272

RESUMEN

Previous research has documented that HIV-related stigma (e.g., internalized and anticipated stigma) is detrimental to the mental health of people living with HIV (PLWH). However, longitudinal data on the bidirectional relationship between HIV-related stigma and depression symptoms are limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the bidirectional association among internalized and anticipated HIV stigma and depression symptoms among Chinese PLWH. A four-wave longitudinal design (6 months intervals) was employed among 1,111 Chinese PLWH (Mage = 38.58, SD = 9.16, age range: 18-60 years; 64.1% men). The bidirectional model was examined using a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM), which evaluated the within- and between-person effects of study variables. At the within-person level, results indicated that depression symptoms at T2 mediated the linkage between internalized HIV stigma at T1 and anticipated HIV stigma at T3, and that anticipated HIV stigma at both T2 and T3 mediated the relationship between depression symptoms at the previous time point and internalized HIV stigma at the subsequent time point. Furthermore, a bidirectional association was found between anticipated HIV stigma and depression symptoms across four waves. At the between-person level, internalized and anticipated HIV stigma were significantly associated with depression symptoms. This study highlights the complex interplay between different forms of HIV-related stigma and mental health problems among PLWH and underscores the importance of considering the bidirectional relationship between the development of psychopathology and stigmatization process in clinical practice.

17.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep ; 17: e352, 2023 03 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36916203

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: About a fourth of Chinese adolescents developed clinically significant depressive symptoms following a disaster. However, little is known about whether and how post-trauma negative life events and a sense of security are associated with depressive symptoms in this population. This study examined the psychological experiences of Chinese young people who had experienced the 2013 Ya'an earthquake in Sichuan, China. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019. A total of 693 Chinese middle school students completed a questionnaire that measured their level of depressive symptoms, trauma exposure, stressful life events, and sense of security. RESULTS: Results of hierarchical multiple-regression analyses showed that the level of life stress from stressful life events was positively associated with the level of depressive symptoms (ß = 0.416, P < 0.001) and the level of the sense of security was negatively associated with the level of depressive symptoms (ß = -0.352, P < 0.001) when analysis controlled for age, gender, and trauma exposure. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the importance of considering the influence of life stressors and the sense of security in devising measures and strategies for the prevention of the manifestation of depression among young people, particularly those who were exposed to disasters.


Asunto(s)
Depresión , Terremotos , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Adolescente , Humanos , China/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/epidemiología , Pueblos del Este de Asia , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Sobrevivientes/psicología , Desastres Naturales
18.
Front Public Health ; 11: 1036172, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36969634

RESUMEN

Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affects individuals' mental health that can result in fear of getting COVID-19 infection and depression. Prior research has demonstrated that both psychological capital and perceived social support are related to the severity of depression. Yet no study explored the direction of associations between these factors. This undermines the validity of psychological capital as a basis for health interventions. Methods: This study aimed to explore the association between psychological capital, perceived social support, employment pressure, and depressive symptoms during COVID-19. A cross-sectional design was employed in a sample of 708 Chinese senior medical students who were asked to complete an online questionnaire survey. Results: Results indicated that psychological capital negatively predicts depressive symptoms (ß = -0.55, p < 0.001); perceived social support plays a mediating role in the impact of psychological capital on depressive symptoms (indirect = -0.11, SE = 0.02, p < 0.001, 95%CI [-0.16, -0.07]), and these associations were moderated by employment pressure. Medical students with high employment pressure, the negative impact of psychological capital on depressive symptoms was statistically significant (ß = -0.37, SE = 0.05, p < 0.001, 95% CI [-0.046, -0.27]); when the perceived employment pressure was low, the negative effect of psychological capital on depressive symptoms, although significant, was stronger (ß = -0.49, SE = 0.04, p < 0.001, 95% CI [-0.57, -0.40]). Discussion: The current study highlights that it is of great significance to address Chinese medical students' employment pressure and improve their mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , Depresión/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Empleo , Apoyo Social
19.
Psychiatry Res ; 322: 115097, 2023 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36822036

RESUMEN

The current study aimed to investigate comorbidity among symptoms of depression and internet gaming disorder (IGD) utilizing symptom network analysis in a sample of Chinese adolescents. A total of 1,362 Chinese adolescents (Mean age = 15.19 ± 1.67; range 13-21; 39.79% female, 56.02% male, 4.19% not disclosed) were recruited from 11 local secondary schools between June and July 2020. Symptoms of depression and IGD were assessed by the 7-item DASS-21 depression subscale and the 9-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. We conducted network analysis to estimate network models and the most central symptoms of depression and IGD and computed a combined network model of both depression and IGD symptoms to find bridge symptoms and illustrate the comorbidity between depression and IGD. We found that feeling 'Worthless', 'Meaningless', and 'Down-hearted' were identified as the most central symptoms of depression, whereas 'Preoccupation' and 'Tolerance' were the two most central symptoms of IGD. The bridge symptoms in the combined network model were 'Gaming for escape or mood relief' from the IGD cluster and 'No initiative' and 'Down-hearted" from the depression cluster. The current study was the first to investigate the relationship between depression and IGD symptoms among adolescents utilizing a symptom network perspective. Also, it highlighted key bridge symptoms in understanding how IGD and depression contribute to each other.


Asunto(s)
Conducta Adictiva , Juegos de Video , Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Femenino , Depresión , Trastorno de Adicción a Internet , Pueblos del Este de Asia , Conducta Adictiva/diagnóstico , Internet
20.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 11(2)2023 Jan 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36673601

RESUMEN

During the great life-altering challenges brought by Coronavirus 2019, school closures and lack of access to exercise and social interactions may have increased students' negative emotions. The current research acts as a follow-up study to the development of the EXSEM-SC, using the Repeated Measures Panel Analysis Framework (RMPAF) to examine the stability of the model in revealing the relationship between physical activity, self-compassion, and mental well-being among Hong Kong adolescents. It is also aimed at examining the changes in physical activity, self-compassion, and mental well-being among Hong Kong adolescents between, before, and after the peak of COVID-19 using the EXSEM-SC Model. The RMPAF has involved 572 (60% Female, Mage = 13.63, SD =1.31) Hong Kong secondary school students. Furthermore, using the abductive qualitative approach, a total of 25 (Mage = 14.84, SD = 1.40) students were involved in the in-depth interviews to further investigate the relationships within the EXSEM-SC. The quantitative results showed that the relationship between physical activity and self-compassion could be demonstrated by the EXSEM-SC, with a satisfactory goodness-of-fit index in the SEMs, as well as satisfying model construct consistency. Moreover, it showed no significant differences in the level of physical activity, self-compassion, and mental well-being during and after the peak of COVID-19. The qualitative results demonstrated two new categories within the EXSEM-SC variables, which are personality traits and injuries experiences. With the stability of the EXSEM-SC model among adolescents, it is expected that the physical activity intervention, which is based on the EXSEM-SC model, could also aim at easing Hong Kong adolescent's mental health issues. In addition, in terms of generating a long-term impact among students, the physical activity and self-compassionate intervention should be promoted among schools. However, the quantitative properties of the two new categories in the qualitative outcomes should be involved in future investigation.

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