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Objective To investigate the association between microvariants at locus DYS570 and Y-SNPs haplogroup.Methods 89 Y-SNPs and 34 Y-STRs in AIYSNP42,AIYSNP47 and YfilerTM Platinum kits were used to detect the genotype of 116 microvariants at locus DYS570 in Kunming,and the Set-B kit was used to detect the core repeat sequences of the DYS570 locus.The data were statistically analyzed by direct counting method.Then,a network map was drawn by Network 10.2,in order to visualize the genetic information of the sample.Results The results demonstrated that 111 DYS570/18.3-21.3 samples had a core repeat sequence of TTT[TITC]18-21,belonging to subgroup O2a2b1a1a1a4-F14494.A DYS570/20.3 sample had a core repeat sequence of[TTTC]15TTC[TTTC]5,belonging to O2a1b1a1a1a1e-F1365 subgroup.A DYS570/17.1 sample had a core repeat sequence of[TTTC]17 T,belonging to the O2a1b1a1a1a-F11 subgroup.Three DYS570(19.2)samples had[TTTC]3 TT[TTTC]16,belonging to the D1a1a-M15 haplogroup.Conclusion The results indicated that the microvariant with the same core repeat structure at locus DYS570 was associated with haplogroups,and the ancestry origin of samples can be inferenced from microvariant characteristics during the practice of forensic medicine.

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Objective To investigate the association of the DYS527a/b and DYF387S1a/b multi-allele pattern with Y-SNP haplogroups.Methods Samples from 295 unrelated males who carrying the DYS527a/b multi-allele pattern were amplified by the YFilerPlus? kit.The genotypes of their frequency distributions,including three multi-copy loci(DYS527a/b,DYF387S1a/b,DYS385a/b)and other single-copy loci were obtained.The DYS527a/b multi-allele pattern and their haplotypes were examined for the associations with Y-chromosome haplogroups using the AIYSNP42 kit,which contains 42 Y-SNP loci.Based on the above results,the association between the DYS527a/b multi-allele patter and its constituent Y-STR haplotypes and related haplogroups was discussed.Results Among the 295 samples,the DYS527a/b tri-allele pattern and tetra-allele pattern accounted for 97.29%and 2.71%respectively,while the DYF387S1a/b tri-allele pattern and tetra-allele encompassed 54.24%and 4.75%.Null allele was detected in DYS448 in 13.22%of the samples.Here,7 Y-SNPs were deticted such as O-M175 and C-M131 which encompassed 45.76%and 45.08%.The haplogroups of R1-M173,N-M231,D1-M174,J-M304 and F-M89 were less than 13 cases,with frequencies ranging from 4.41%～0.34%.There were Y-STR genotypes differences among haplogroups,as haplogroup O-M175 was represented by 4 genotypes of Y-STR profiles characterized by DYS385a/b(12/12,as well as 12/17,12/18,12/19),DYS392(13),DYS593(16)and DYS393(12),and haplogroup C-M130 was characterized by DYS527a/b(19/20/21),DYS385a/b(11),DYS593(17),DYS390(23),Y_GATA_H4(11),and DYS444(13)and so on.Conclusion The DYS527a/b multi-allele pattern is frequently observed in the Kunming population with haplogroup C-M130.In the samples from haplogroups O,C,R1 and N,the DYS527a/b and DYF387S1a/b haplotypes frequently exhibit the multi-allele pattern.Given the frequencies of different haplogroups and the association between Y-SNP haplogroups and Y-STR loci,it could be helpful to look for more details in the paternal lineage search.

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Lake warming induced by climate change has constituted a particular challenge for the restoration of eutrophic lakes. However, a quantitative analysis about impacts of lake warming on the internal nutrient cycling in eutrophic lakes is limited. In this study, monthly nutrient monitoring data set in 2015-2016 in eutrophic Lake Chaohu, China, revealed a regular seasonal pattern of nutrient concentration. A process-based water quality model was established to quantify contributions from internal loadings on seasonal nutrient variations and predict responses under climate change scenarios. Results indicated that internal nutrient loading was responsible for the intra-annual variations of nutrient concentrations in the lake, and the internal loadings fluctuated much more between different seasons than the external nutrient inputs. We predicted that lake warming might probably result in stronger seasonal fluctuations of internal loading and create conditions beneficial for longer duration of cyanobacteria blooms in the year. Evidence derived from this study could help water managers to rethink the existing mitigation strategies in the restoration of eutrophic lakes and emphasize the potential interactions among lake warming, eutrophication and internal nutrient cycling in the future.

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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis for a pedigree affected with Alport syndrome.@*METHODS@#Next generation sequencing and Sanger sequencing was applied to detect potential variants of the COL4A3, COL4A4 and COL4A5 genes among members from the pedigree and 100 unrelated healthy controls.@*RESULTS@#The proband and his twin brother were found to carry two novel variants, namely c.4953G>A and c.4623C>A, of the COL4A4 gene, which were respectively inherited from her father and mother. The same variants were not detected among the 100 healthy controls and medical literature. Based on the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, both the c.4953G>A and c.4623C>A variants were predicted to be pathogenic (PVS1+PM2_supporting+PP1).@*CONCLUSION@#The c.4953G>A and c.4623C>A variants of the COLA4A gene probably underlay the Alport syndrome in this pedigree. Above finding has enriched the spectrum of COLA4A gene variants.

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Objective To observe the effect of Qi-strengthening and blood-activating Chinese patent medicine Qigui Ershen Granules on the carotid intima-media thickness(IMT ) , atheromatous plaque scores, serum fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and Klotho protein levels, and oxidation- and inflammation-associated indicators in carotid atherosclerosis patients. Methods Fifty-two carotid atherosclerosis patients were randomized into Chinese medicine group and western medicine group, 26 cases in each group. Chinese medicine group was treated with Qigui Ershen Granules orally, and western medicine group was treated with Atorvastatin Calcium Tablets orally. The mediation for the two groups lasted for 24 continuous weeks. Carotid ultrasonography was performed before and after treatment for the examination of carotid IMT and plaque Crouse scores. Double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was applied for the detection of serum Klotho, FGF23, interleukin 1(IL-1) and tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α) levels, and radio-immuno-precitation method was used for the assay of serum reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated by the scores of Qi deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome before and after treatment. Results (1) In western medicine group, 5 cases dropped out and were excluded, and a total of 21 cases completed the trial; in Chinese medicine group, 3 cases dropped out and were excluded, and a total of 23 cases completed the trial.(2) After treatment for 24 continuous weeks, IMT and Crouse scores of the plaque in the two groups were obviously reduced(P 0.05). (3) Serum Klotho protein level was increased while FGF23 was decreased in Chinese medicine group after treatment (P 0.05). The effects of Chinese medicine on increasing Klotho protein level and decreasing FGF23 level were superior to those of western medicine (P 0.05).(5) The scores of Qi deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome in Chinese medicine were decreased after treatment (P 0.05). Chinese medicine group had better effect on improving the scores of Qi deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome than western medicine group(P < 0.01).(6) After treatment, the total effective rate for improving Qi deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome in Chinese medicine group was 82.61%, 78.26%, and that in western medicine group was 28.57%, 14.28%respectively, the difference being significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Qi-strengthening and blood-activating Qigui Ershen Granules have certain effects on counteracting atherosclerosis, inflammatory aging and oxidation.

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Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in treating active rheumatoid arthritis (aRA).Methods A prospective randomized controlled study was carried out. Totally 148 aRA patients were divided into the control group and the treatment group, 74 cases in each group. Control group was treated with MTX (methotrexate) and LEF (leflunomide), while the treatment group took traditional Chinese medicine based on syndrome differentiation, on the basis of treatment with MTX and LEF. The therapeutic course for all was 3 months. Efficacy indexes, like clinical symptoms and signs, ESR, TCM syndrome integrals, DAS 28 score, and safety indexes were observed.Results This study finally completed 136 cases, including 69 cases in the treatment group and 67 cases in the control group. In the two groups, significant improvement of clinical signs and symptoms, ESR, DAS28, and TCM syndrome integrals after treatment were shown, with statistical significance (P0.05). The significant efficiency of the treatment group was 11.59% (8/69), and the control group was 5.97% (4/67), with statistical significance (P<0.05). Adverse reactions occurred fewer in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.01).Conclusion Compared with single traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for treating aRA can better improve DAS28 and TCM syndrome integrals, and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions.

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Chemical modification of DNA bases in recent years has been one of the hot areas of life science research. DNA methylation is a common epigenetic phenomenon and can change the genetic performance without changing the DNA sequence. Various stress factors can induce the variation of DNA methylation in plants, but the response mechanism is still unknown. In this paper, the progress of DNA methylation in plants was reviewed. In combination with the researchconclusions of our own research group, the DNA methylation variation induced by 7Li ion beam and gamma ray was reported to provide a basis for DNA methylation, which may be involved in the phenotypic plasticity of plants.

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Mast cells and monocyte-macrophage cells share similar phenotypic characteristics.In recent years, it has been found that mast cell plays a role in the many pathophysiological processes such as the chronic inflammation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling and progressive fibrosis.More and more evidences showed that mast cells played a catalytic role in the renal chronic inflam-mation and progressive fibrosis and were related to the development and prognosis in patients with chronic kidney disease( CKD) .This paper will review the pathogenesis of renal injury induced by mast cells, especially in promoting the renal fibrosis in order to provide some new ideas for treatment and prognosis evaluation of CKD patients.

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Objective Summarize the clinical nursing keys and experiences for tranplantation of leg island flap. Methods Follow- up 111 patients with transplantation of leg island flap. Results There were 109 patients had accepted survival of island flap, their function of wounded limb were recoveried satisfactory by one- year follow up. There were 2 amputation patients because of disturbance of blood circulation of distal wounded limb. Conclusions Careful perioperative nursing and observation are the keys of survival for tranplantation of leg island flap. Proper rehabilitaiton education can guarantee the satisfactory prognosis.

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Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of renal injury caused by Guanxinsuhe pill(冠心苏合丸,including slander dutchanspipe root(青木香)).Methods:The clinical data of 27 patients with renal injury caused by Guanxinsuhe pill were studied.The clinical characteristics of the renal damage caused by Guanxinsuhe pill and the relationships between duration of illness,duration of taking Guanxinsuhe pill,anemia,renal atrophy and the progression of renal injury respectively were also analyzed.Results:Twenty-seven patients all taken Guanxinsuhe pill for suspicious coronary heart disease(CHD) and were diagnosed as chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy accompanied with renal tubular acidosis,renal glucosuria and hyposthenuria after admission.Anemia was of more severity than renal dysfunction.Atrophic kidney occurred in 26 patients.The main complains were nonspecific symptoms including fatigue,anorexia,nausea,vomiting,etc.and accompanied with different degrees of chronic renal dysfunction.Twentyfour hours urinary protein excretions were 120-900 mg((490?250) mg).There were few red and white cells in uroscopy.Sixteen patients discontinuously took the Guanxinsuhe pill(one capsule,2-3 times a day) according to the pharmacopoeia for a long period.Ten patients took a dosage(two capsules,2-3 times a day) higher than that limited by the pharmacopoeia.Twenty-six patients took Guanxinsuhe pill discontinuously.One patient continuously took Guanxinsuhe pill until got renal dysfunction.The duration of taking Guanxinsuhe pill was 1-120 months(37.38?31.58),and the amount of 50-43 800 pills(4 576.00?8 830.54) were used,but the amount of pills of 3 cases was uncertain.The renal injury occurred within 30-216 months(95.41?56.74) after initiation of the drug taken.The renal injury obviously correlated with the anemia and the duration of taking Guanxinsuhe pill.Conclusion:Taking Guanxinsuhe pill can cause renal injury.The Guanxinsuhe pill dose indicated in pharmacopoeia also causes renal damage.The onset of renal injury is insidious.Most of the patients have the history of CHD and when the chronic nephropathy in most of such patients is detected,it is advanced to stage 5.The renal injury induced by Guanxinsuhe pill usually presents as chronic tubulointerstitial nephropathy,renal tubular dysfunction and anemia.Anemia is of more severity than renal dysfunction.The 24 hours urinary protein excretions of all the patients are lower than 1 000 mg daily.It is suggested to avoid taking Guanxinsuhe pill,adjust the prescription of Guanxinsuhe pill and do not use slander dutchanspipe root as an ingredient.