RESUMEN
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2016/8252741.].
RESUMEN
The young leaves of Vernonia amygdalina are often utilized as vegetable and for medicinal purpose compared to the old leaves. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the antidiabetic effects between ethanolic leaf extracts of old and young V. amygdalina on streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rat for four weeks. Preliminary screening of both young and old ethanolic extracts revealed the presence of the same phytochemicals except flavonoids which was only present in the old V. amygdalina. Difference in antioxidant power between the young and old leaf extracts was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Both leaf extracts produced a significant (p < 0.05) antihyperglycaemic effect. Also results from treated rats revealed increasing effect in some haematological parameters. Similarly, the higher dose (300 mg/kg) of both extracts significantly (p < 0.05) reduced serum ALT, AST, and ALP levels as compared to the diabetic control rats. Results also showed significant (p < 0.05) decrease in LDL-C and VLDL-C in the extract-treated rats with a corresponding increase in HDL-C, as compared to the diabetic control rats. Moreover histopathological analysis revealed ameliorative effect of pathological insults induced by the STZ in the pancreas, liver, and spleen, most significantly the regeneration of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in treated rats.
Asunto(s)
Glucemia/efectos de los fármacos , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Vernonia , Factores de Edad , Alanina Transaminasa/efectos de los fármacos , Alanina Transaminasa/metabolismo , Fosfatasa Alcalina/efectos de los fármacos , Fosfatasa Alcalina/metabolismo , Animales , Antioxidantes , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/efectos de los fármacos , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/metabolismo , Glucemia/metabolismo , HDL-Colesterol/efectos de los fármacos , HDL-Colesterol/metabolismo , LDL-Colesterol/efectos de los fármacos , LDL-Colesterol/metabolismo , VLDL-Colesterol/efectos de los fármacos , VLDL-Colesterol/metabolismo , Femenino , Masculino , Hojas de la Planta , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
PURPOSE. Topical biphasic vesicle delivery system encapsulating interferon alpha (IFN α) was developed as an alternative to injections used to treat human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. METHODS. Biphasic lipid vesicles encapsulating increasing doses of IFN α (biphasic IFN α) were characterized for encapsulation efficiency, size, zeta potential and vesicle structure by centrifugation, dynamic light scattering, confocal microscopy and small-angle x-ray scattering. Biphasic IFN-α delivery into human skin in vivo and topical efficacy in patients with genital warts were evaluated. RESULTS. Average encapsulation efficiency of IFN α was 81-91%. The average particle size was 1000-1100 nm and zeta potential +70 to +78 mV. After application of 5, 15 and 40MU/g biphasic IFN α formulation in a topical patch on the upper inner arm in healthy volunteers, skin IFN α levels increased to 120±30, 380±60 and 400±80 IU/mg protein in skin homogenates (n=5, 5, and 7), respectively. Topical application of biphasic IFN α (1 MU/dose) twice daily for two weeks in a pilot study with 12 patients with external condylomata acuminata resulted in a decrease in lesion size, in 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity and in tissue viral load. CONCLUSIONS. Biphasic vesicles delivered clinically significant levels of IFN α across intact human skin and elicited marked therapeutic effect in patients.