RESUMEN
Abstract Introduction Epistaxis and hypertension are frequent conditions in the adult population. Masked hypertension is defined as a clinical condition in which a patient's office blood pressure level is <140/90 mmHg, but the ambulatory or home blood pressure readings are in the hypertensive range. Many studies have proved that hypertension is one of the most important causes of epistaxis. The prevalence of this condition in patients with epistaxis is not well defined. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of masked hypertension using the results of office blood pressure measurement compared with the results of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Methods Sixty patients with epistaxis and 60 control subjects were enrolled in the study. All patients with epistaxis and controls without history of hypertension underwent physical examination, including office blood pressure measurement, ambulatory or home blood pressure, and measurement of anthropometric parameters. Results Mean age was similar between the epistaxis group and the controls – 21–68 years (mean 42.9) for the epistaxis group and 18–71 years (mean 42.2) for the control group. A total of 20 patients (33.3%) in the epistaxis group and 7 patients (11.7%) in the control group (p = 0.004) had masked hypertension. Night-time systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in patients with epistaxis than in the control group (p < 0.005). However, no significant difference was found in daytime systolic blood pressure between the control group and the patients with epistaxis (p = 0.517). Conclusion This study demonstrates increased masked hypertension prevalence in patients with epistaxis. We suggest that all patients with epistaxis should undergo ambulatory or home blood pressure to detect masked hypertension, which could be a possible cause of epistaxis.
Resumo Introdução Epistaxe e hipertensão são condições frequentes na população adulta. Hipertensão mascarada é definida como uma condição clínica em que o nível da pressão arterial do paciente no consultório é < 140/90 mm Hg, mas as leituras da pressão arterial ambulatorial ou em casa se encontram na faixa hipertensiva. Muitos estudos demonstraram que a hipertensão é uma das causas mais importantes de epistaxe. Ainda não está devidamente definida a prevalência dessa condição em pacientes com epistaxe. Objetivo Avaliar a prevalência de HM com o uso dos resultados de mensurações da pressão arterial no consultório, em comparação com os resultados da MAPA. Método Foram recrutados 60 pacientes com epistaxe e 60 indivíduos para controle. Todos os pacientes com epistaxe e os controles sem histórico de hipertensão passaram por exame físico, inclusive determinação da pressão arterial no consultório, MAPA e mensuração dos parâmetros antropométricos. Resultados A média de idade foi similar entre o grupo com epistaxe e os controles: de 21 a 68 (média 42,9) anos para o grupo com epistaxe e de 18 a 71 (média 42,2) anos para o grupo controle. No total, 20 pacientes (33,3%) no grupo com epistaxe e sete (11,7%) no grupo controle (p = 0,004) apresentaram hipertensão mascarada. A pressão arterial sistólica noturna foi significantemente mais alta em pacientes com epistaxe, em comparação com o grupo controle (p < 0,005). No entanto, não foi observada diferença significante na pressão arterial sistólica obtida durante o dia entre o grupo controle e os pacientes com epistaxe (p = 0,517). Conclusão O presente estudo demonstra maior prevalência de hipertensão mascarada em pacientes com epistaxe. Sugerimos que todos os pacientes com epistaxe devam ser submetidos à monitoração da pressão arterial caseira ou em consultório com o objetivo de detectar hipertensão mascarada, que pode ser uma causa possível de epistaxe.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Adulto Joven , Epistaxis/etiología , Hipertensión Enmascarada/complicaciones , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Prevalencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial , Hipertensión Enmascarada/diagnósticoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Epistaxis and hypertension are frequent conditions in the adult population. Masked hypertension is defined as a clinical condition in which a patient's office blood pressure level is <140/90mmHg, but the ambulatory or home blood pressure readings are in the hypertensive range. Many studies have proved that hypertension is one of the most important causes of epistaxis. The prevalence of this condition in patients with epistaxis is not well defined. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of masked hypertension using the results of office blood pressure measurement compared with the results of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. METHODS: Sixty patients with epistaxis and 60 control subjects were enrolled in the study. All patients with epistaxis and controls without history of hypertension underwent physical examination, including office blood pressure measurement, ambulatory or home blood pressure, and measurement of anthropometric parameters. RESULTS: Mean age was similar between the epistaxis group and the controls - 21-68 years (mean 42.9) for the epistaxis group and 18-71 years (mean 42.2) for the control group. A total of 20 patients (33.3%) in the epistaxis group and 7 patients (11.7%) in the control group (p=0.004) had masked hypertension. Night-time systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in patients with epistaxis than in the control group (p<0.005). However, no significant difference was found in daytime systolic blood pressure between the control group and the patients with epistaxis (p=0.517). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates increased masked hypertension prevalence in patients with epistaxis. We suggest that all patients with epistaxis should undergo ambulatory or home blood pressure to detect masked hypertension, which could be a possible cause of epistaxis.