RESUMEN
Background: Studies have shown that increased inflammatory cytokines are associated with suicide risk, but the relationship between suicide risk and inflammatory cytokines is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between specific inflammatory markers and suicide risk in patients with MDD. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Firstly, we measured and compared psychological characteristics and 10 peripheral inflammatory cytokines in 130 MDD patients and 130 healthy controls(HC). Secondly, MDD patients were divided into 4 groups according to the severity of suicide risk for comparison between groups. Finally, multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the predictors of suicide risk. Results: We found that the group with higher suicide risk had higher levels of IL-6, CRP, TNF-α, CXCL-2, and IFN-γ, and lower levels of IL-2 and IL-8 (all p<0.01). However, we found no difference in CRP between MIS and LS groups (p=0.337). Regression models were well-fitted. IL-2,IL-8 negatively predicted suicide risk (all p<0.05),IL-6,CRP,TNF-α,CXCL-2, and IFN-γ can positively predict the risk of suicide (all p<0.05). Limitations: This study employed a self-assessment scale. Conclusions: The higher the levels of IL-6, CRP, TNF-α, CXCL-2, and IFN-γ and the lower the levels of IL-2 and IL-8 of MDD patients, the higher the risk of suicide.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: At present, the relationship between sleep and inflammatory factors is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between specific inflammatory factors and sleep in MDD patients. METHODS: We measured and compared clinical features and 10 peripheral blood inflammatory factors in 40 MDD patients with sleep disorders, 80 MDD patients without sleep disorders, and 80 healthy controls. Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between sleep and inflammatory factors. RESULT: The levels of IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, CRP, TNF-α, CXCL-1, CXCL-2, and IFN-γ were different among the three groups(all p<0.05).Poor sleep quality was significantly negatively correlated with IL-2 and IL-8 (all p<0.01), and significantly positively correlated with IL-6, IL-10, CRP, TNF-α, CXCL-1, CXCL-2 and IFN-γ (all p<0.01). IL-8 could significantly negatively predict the deterioration of sleep quality (p<0.001), and TNF-a and IFN-γ could significantly positively predict the deterioration of sleep quality (all p<0.05). LIMITATIONS: The self-rating scale was used in this study. CONCLUSIONS: Inflammatory factors are disrupted in patients with sleep disorders. The lower the level of IL-8 in peripheral blood of MDD patients, the higher the TNF-a and IFN-γ, and the worse the quality of sleep.
Asunto(s)
Trastorno Depresivo Mayor , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia , Humanos , Trastorno Depresivo Mayor/complicaciones , Interleucina-10 , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa , Citocinas , Interleucina-6 , Interleucina-2 , Interleucina-8 , Inflamación/complicaciones , Sueño , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/etiologíaRESUMEN
Fruit color is one of the quality indicators to judge the freshness of a plum. The coloring process of plum skin is valuable for research due to the high nutritional quality of anthocyanins found in plums. 'Cuihongli' (CHL) and its precocious mutant variety 'Cuihongli Red' (CHR) were used to analyze the changes of fruit quality and anthocyanin biosynthesis during plum development. The results showed that, during the development of the two plums, the total soluble solid and soluble sugar contents were highest at the mature stage, as the titratable acid trended gradually downward as the fruits of the two cultivars matured, and the CHR fruit showed higher sugar content and lower acid content. In addition, the skin of CHR turned red in color earlier than CHL. Compared with CHL, the skin of CHR had higher anthocyanin concentrations, higher activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone isomerase (CHI), dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR), and UDPglucose: flavonoid-3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT), and higher transcript levels of genes associated with anthocyanin production. In the flesh of the two cultivars, no anthocyanin content was detected. Taken together, these results suggest that the mutation exerted a major effect on anthocyanin accumulation via modification of the level of transcription; thus, CHR advances the ripening period of 'Cuihongli' plum and improves the fruit quality.
RESUMEN
This study describes the variation in residue behavior of fluopyram in soil, carrot root, and carrot leaf samples after the application of fluopyram (41.7% suspension, Bayer) by foliar spray or root irrigation at the standard of 250.00 g active ingredient per hectare (a.i./ha) and double-dose treatment (500.00 g a.i./ha). Fluopyram and its metabolite fluopyram-benzamide were extracted and cleaned up using the QuEChERS method and subsequently quantified with LC-QQQ-MS/MS. The LOD and LOQ of the developed method were in the range of 0.05-2.65 ug/kg and 0.16-8.82 ug/kg, respectively. After root irrigation, the final residues detected in edible parts were 0.60 and 1.80 mg/kg, respectively, when 250.00 and 500.00 g a.i./ha were applied, which is much higher than the maximum residue limit in China (0.40 mg/kg). In contrast, after spray application, most of the fluopyram dissipated from the surface of carrot leaves, and the final residues in carrot roots were both only 0.05 mg/kg. Dietary risk assessments revealed a 23-40% risk quotient for the root irrigation method, which was higher than that for the foliar spray method (8-14%). This is the first report comparing the residue behavior of fluopyram applied by root irrigation and foliar spray. This study demonstrates the difference in risk associated with the two application methods and can serve as a reference for the safe application of fluopyram.