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Background: The relationship between depression and severity of social media addiction is likely to be bidirectional. Nevertheless, current studies have addressed the depression score utilizing a scale in the general population instead of assessing this relationship in patients with major depressive disorder. Despite the fact that the negative relationship of social media addiction with emotional intelligence is acknowledged, the existence of this relationship in major depressive disorder has not been investigated yet. Hence, the objective of our study is to evaluate severity of social media addiction and emotional intelligence in major depressive disorder. Methods: This research was performed with 158 participants between the ages of 18 and 56 in Kars Harakani State Hospital Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic. Sociodemographic data form involving the age, gender, marital status, education level and employment status of the participants, Beck Depression Inventory, Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory, and Social Media Addiction Scale were implemented to the participants. Results: Creating the group to be none-less addicted and medium-highly addicted with regard to the social media addiction scale score, it was observed that the emotional intelligence of the medium-highly addicted group was significantly lower, and the depression score was higher (P < .001). Furthermore, the severity of social media addiction had a positive relationship with the depression score and a negative relationship with the emotional intelligence score (r = 0.353, P < .001; r = -0.376, P < .001). Conclusion: Emotional intelligence in major depressive disorder is associated with both depression level and severity of social media addiction. Interventions, i.e., emotional intelligence skill training, might be practical for the aforementioned patients.

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Background: Although an association has been newly reported between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and an increased risk of suicide, there are only a limited number of studies investigating suicide-related factors in OCD patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between dysfunctional metacognitive activity, difficulty in emotion regulation, anxiety, depression, somatization symptom severity, and suicide probability in OCD patients by comparing them with a control group. Methods: Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Metacognition Scale, Suicide Probability Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire Somatic, Anxiety, and Depression Symptom Scale were administered to 70 OCD patients and 70 healthy controls. The Dimensional Obsession Compulsion Scale was administered to assess OCD symptom dimensions among OCD patients. Results: Dysfunctional metacognition, difficulty in emotion regulation, probability of suicide, depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms were significantly higher in OCD patients compared to the control group (P < .05). Suicide probability was found to be positively correlated with depression, difficulty in emotion regulation, impulsivity dimension, metacognition, cognitive confidence dimension, contamination, cleaning, and symmetry scores among OCD symptom dimensions (P < .05). Conclusion: Recognizing the factors that were found to be associated with suicide probability in individuals with OCD may be of great importance in identifying patients at higher suicide risk.

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OBJECTIVE: Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) are recently used as indicators of inflammation. NLR, PLR, MLR, and MPV have been evaluated in many studies in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, there are no studies investigating SII. This study aims to evaluate NLR, PLR, MLR, MPV and SII values and complete blood count elements in patients hospitalized with diagnoses of the schizophrenia with psychotic episode and bipolar disorder with manic episode by comparing them with the control group. METHOD: A total of 149 patients who were hospitalized with the diagnoses of the schizophrenia with psychotic episode and bipolar disorder with manic episode and who met the inclusion criteria were included in our study where the control group was composed of 66 healthy individuals. White blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, platelet, and monocyte counts were obtained retrospectively from complete blood counts at the time of admission, based on which NLR, PLR, MLR, and SII were calculated. RESULTS: In this study, higher NLR, PLR, and SII values and lower MPV and lymphocyte counts were observed in schizophrenia patients compared to the control group. NLR, PLR, and SII values and neutrophil counts were higher in patients with bipolar disorder compared to the control group. Lower MPV values were found in patients with schizophrenia compared to patients with bipolar disorder. CONCLUSION: Simple inflammatory and SII values in our study indicate the presence of low-grade systemic inflammation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated tumors account for a significant proportion of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) in developed countries. In recent years, there has been a rise of HPV infections associated with HNSCC, especially HPV16, which is the most commonly detected type in oral and oropharyngeal cancers. To investigate the frequency of HPV-driven HNSCC among patients living in Turkey, HPV DNA positivity and p16INK4A expression were assessed in primary tumor biopsies (n = 106). Eighteen out of one hundred and six (19%) HNSCC tumors showed p16INK4A overexpression, and 26/106 cases (24.5%) were positive for HPV DNA. Sixteen out of twenty-six samples were positive for both HPV DNA and p16INK4A staining. HPV16 could be isolated from 22/26 samples (84.6%) and was found to be the most frequently detected HPV type. This study represents the largest cohort of Turkish patients with HNSCC characterized according to HPV status and p16INK4A expression. Our data suggest that HPV16 infection, along with smoking, contribute to the development of HNSCC.

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A diagnosis of paradoxical insomnia is made in patients presenting with the complaint of insomnia despite normal polysomnographic findings. These patients argue that they never sleep or have little sleep only for a few hours. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options are available for the treatment of paradoxical insomnia. Although its prevalence can be as high as 50% in the clinical samples and studies, clinicians may not remember to include paradoxical insomnia in the differential diagnosis. In this article, we present a patient, who was diagnosed with paradoxical insomnia for the first time in our polysomnography laboratory. The patient had accompanying sleep apnea and responded to the treatment with olanzapine and psychoeducation, comprising polysomnographic video recordings and instructions of sleep hygiene. Because this is the first case presentation from our country, characterized by the abovementioned clinical features; we think that this article may increase clinician awareness and contribute to the information in the literature.

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INTRODUCTION: The aim was to investigate the relation between sociodemographic features, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, childhood trauma experiences, and quality of life and bruxism determining the risk factors in people with bruxism. METHODS: A total of 200 people were included in the study. Of the patients, 100 were diagnosed with bruxism and 100 were included in the control group. Sociodemographic Data Form, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HAD), The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Childhood Trauma Scale (CTS), Short Form-36 Quality of Life Scale (SF-36) were used. RESULTS: While there was no significant difference between the case group and the control group in terms of age, gender, marital status, and working status, there was a significant difference between educational levels. When the groups were compared a significant difference was found with regard to HAD-A (p<0.05), HAD-D (p<0.01), PSQI (p<0.01) and CTS (p<0.05) scores. While a significant difference was found when KF-36 subscales were examined, with regard to Physical Function (p<0.01), Pain (p<0.05), Social Function (p<0.05) and Mental Health (p<0.01) scores, no significant difference was detected between the subscales of Role Strength (p>0.05), General Health (p>0.05), Vital Energy (p>0.05) and Emotional Role (p>0.05). Regression analysis shows, (PSQI), HAD-D CTS scores predicted bruxism. CONCLUSION: Higher depression scale scores, bad sleep quality, traumatic childhood experiences increase the risk for bruxism. Paying attention to the mental state of people diagnosed with bruxism in the treatment process and incorporating the psychiatrists in this process may increase the success rate of the treatment.

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Anatomy knowledge is not only essential for surgeons but also has importance for anyone who performs an invasive procedure on a patient, and provides examination and diagnosis of patients and sharing of these findings to the patient and other medical professionals. It is accepted that most surgical procedures could facilitate anatomic perception in surgical internships. There is an educational tendency to explore innovative instructional tools and methods that can help support current education styles. This study investigates the effect of a green laser pointer on students' perceptions and educational effectiveness when neck dissection is performed in the operating room.

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Hair loss is a rare side effect of psychotropic drugs. The most related drug class with this side effect is the mood stabilizers. Studies reporting the sertraline-induced alopecia are limited in number. Sertraline is a potent antidepressant which inhibits the serotonin reuptake from the presynaptic terminals selectively. The reason for hair loss could not be elucidated completely. Psychotropic drugs are usually considered to lead to hair loss through influencing the telogen phase of hair follicle. This paper reports a 21-year-old male with diffuse hair loss induced by sertraline use and improved by quitting the drug. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other case reports on sertraline-induced alopecia within 2 weeks.

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Venlafaxine is the first antidepressant that acts via inhibiting serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake. Hypertension is observed in doses exceeding 300 mg/day and is the most feared complication. We report a patient with accelerated hypertension after venlafaxine use observed at a dose of 150 mg/day. A 23-year-old patient with symptoms of insomnia, depression, anhedonia, fatigue admitted our clinic. Venlafaxine at a dose of 75 mg/day was initiated after he was diagnosed with major depressive disorder. After 5 months, venlafaxine dose was uptitrated to 150 mg/day due to inadequate response to drug. After using venlafaxine for ten months at the dose of 150 mg/day, he admitted our clinic with headache and epistaxis. He was hospitalized after his blood pressure was measured as 210/170 mmHg. No secondary causes for hypertension were found, and venlafaxine treatment was considered possible etiologic factor. After stopping venlafaxine treatment, his blood pressure was reverted back to normal limits. While mild elevation of blood pressure could be observed after venlafaxine treatment, this case shows that accelerated hypertension with a diastolic blood pressure rise above 120 mmHg could be observed at relatively low doses of venlafaxine. Close monitoring of blood pressure is necessary after initiation of treatment, as accelerated hypertension could cause endorgan damage with potentially catastrophic results.