RESUMEN
The effect of ionizing irradiation on testes and the protective effects of melatonin were investigated by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic methods. Eighty-two adult male Wistar rats were divided into 10 groups. The rats in the irradiated groups were exposed to a sublethal irradiation dose of 8 Gy, either to the total body or abdominopelvic region using a 60Co source at a focus of 80 cm away from the skin in the morning or evening together with vehicle (20% ethanol) or melatonin administered 24 h before (10 mg/kg), immediately before (20 mg/kg) and 24 h after irradiation (10 mg/kg), all ip. Caspace-3 immunoreactivity was increased in the irradiated group compared to control (P < 0.05). Melatonin-treated groups showed less apoptosis as indicated by a considerable decrease in caspace-3 immunoreactivity (P < 0.05). Electron microscopic examination showed that all spermatogenic cells, especially primary spermatocytes, displayed prominent degeneration in the groups submitted to total body and abdominopelvic irradiation. However, melatonin administration considerably inhibited these degenerative changes, especially in rats who received abdominopelvic irradiation. Total body and abdominopelvic irradiation induced identical apoptosis and testicular damage. Chronobiological assessment revealed that biologic rhythm does not alter the inductive effect of irradiation. These data indicate that melatonin protects against total body and abdominopelvic irradiation. Melatonin was more effective in the evening abdominopelvic irradiation and melatonin-treated group than in the total body irradiation and melatonin-treated group.
Asunto(s)
Melatonina/uso terapéutico , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/prevención & control , Protectores contra Radiación/uso terapéutico , Testículo/efectos de la radiación , Animales , Apoptosis , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Melatonina/administración & dosificación , Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/enzimología , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/patología , Protectores contra Radiación/administración & dosificación , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Espermatogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Espermatogénesis/efectos de la radiación , Testículo/efectos de los fármacos , Testículo/patología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The effect of ionizing irradiation on testes and the protective effects of melatonin were investigated by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic methods. Eighty-two adult male Wistar rats were divided into 10 groups. The rats in the irradiated groups were exposed to a sublethal irradiation dose of 8 Gy, either to the total body or abdominopelvic region using a 60Co source at a focus of 80 cm away from the skin in the morning or evening together with vehicle (20% ethanol) or melatonin administered 24 h before (10 mg/kg), immediately before (20 mg/kg) and 24 h after irradiation (10 mg/kg), all ip. Caspace-3 immunoreactivity was increased in the irradiated group compared to control (P < 0.05). Melatonin-treated groups showed less apoptosis as indicated by a considerable decrease in caspace-3 immunoreactivity (P < 0.05). Electron microscopic examination showed that all spermatogenic cells, especially primary spermatocytes, displayed prominent degeneration in the groups submitted to total body and abdominopelvic irradiation. However, melatonin administration considerably inhibited these degenerative changes, especially in rats who received abdominopelvic irradiation. Total body and abdominopelvic irradiation induced identical apoptosis and testicular damage. Chronobiological assessment revealed that biologic rhythm does not alter the inductive effect of irradiation. These data indicate that melatonin protects against total body and abdominopelvic irradiation. Melatonin was more effective in the evening abdominopelvic irradiation and melatonin-treated group than in the total body irradiation and melatonin-treated group.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Melatonina/uso terapéutico , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/prevención & control , Protectores contra Radiación/uso terapéutico , Testículo/efectos de la radiación , Apoptosis , /metabolismo , Inmunohistoquímica , Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión , Melatonina/administración & dosificación , Ratas Wistar , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/enzimología , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/patología , Protectores contra Radiación/administración & dosificación , Espermatogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Espermatogénesis/efectos de la radiación , Factores de Tiempo , Testículo/efectos de los fármacos , Testículo/patologíaRESUMEN
We investigated the day-night differences in intestinal oxidative-injury and the inflammatory response following total body (TB) or abdominopelvic (AP) irradiation, and the influence of melatonin administration on tissue injury induced by radiation. Rats (male Wistar, weighing 220-280 g) in the irradiated groups were exposed to a dose of 8 Gy to the TB or AP region in the morning (resting period - 1 h after light onset) or evening (activity span - 13 h after light onset). Vehicle or melatonin was administered immediately before, immediately after and 24 h after irradiation (10, 2.0 and 10 mg/kg, ip, respectively) to the irradiated rats. AP (P < 0.05) and TB (P < 0.05) irradiation applied in the morning caused a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Melatonin treatment in the morning (P < 0.05) or evening (P < 0.05) decreased TBARS levels after TB irradiation. After AP irradiation, melatonin treatment only in the morning caused a significant decrease in TBARS levels (P < 0.05). Although we have confirmed the development of inflammation after radiotherapy by histological findings, neither AP nor TB irradiation caused any marked changes in myeloperoxidase activity in the morning or evening. Our results indicate that oxidative damage is more prominent in rats receiving TB and AP irradiation in the morning and melatonin appears to have beneficial effects on oxidative damage irrespective of the time of administration. Increased neutrophil accumulation indicates that melatonin administration exerts a protective effect on AP irradiation-induced tissue oxidative injury, especially in the morning.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Inflamación/prevención & control , Intestino Delgado/efectos de la radiación , Melatonina/uso terapéutico , Estrés Oxidativo , Protectores contra Radiación/uso terapéutico , Ritmo Circadiano , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de la radiación , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación , Ratas Wistar , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/metabolismo , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/efectos de la radiación , Irradiación Corporal TotalRESUMEN
We investigated the day-night differences in intestinal oxidative-injury and the inflammatory response following total body (TB) or abdominopelvic (AP) irradiation, and the influence of melatonin administration on tissue injury induced by radiation. Rats (male Wistar, weighing 220-280 g) in the irradiated groups were exposed to a dose of 8 Gy to the TB or AP region in the morning (resting period - 1 h after light onset) or evening (activity span - 13 h after light onset). Vehicle or melatonin was administered immediately before, immediately after and 24 h after irradiation (10, 2.0 and 10 mg/kg, ip, respectively) to the irradiated rats. AP (P < 0.05) and TB (P < 0.05) irradiation applied in the morning caused a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Melatonin treatment in the morning (P < 0.05) or evening (P < 0.05) decreased TBARS levels after TB irradiation. After AP irradiation, melatonin treatment only in the morning caused a significant decrease in TBARS levels (P < 0.05). Although we have confirmed the development of inflammation after radiotherapy by histological findings, neither AP nor TB irradiation caused any marked changes in myeloperoxidase activity in the morning or evening. Our results indicate that oxidative damage is more prominent in rats receiving TB and AP irradiation in the morning and melatonin appears to have beneficial effects on oxidative damage irrespective of the time of administration. Increased neutrophil accumulation indicates that melatonin administration exerts a protective effect on AP irradiation-induced tissue oxidative injury, especially in the morning.