RESUMEN
Diabetic retinopathy is the main ocular complication of diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of resolvin D2 (RvD2) on diabetic retinopathy. Streptozocin-induced C57/BJ diabetic mice were divided into three groups: normal control, diabetes mellitus, and diabetes plus RvD2 treatment. After three months of diabetic model induction, exogenous RvD2 was injected, monthly for three months, into the vitreous cavity of mice in the diabetic treatment group. Retinal vascular leakage, ganglion cell apoptosis, inflammatory factor expression, and oxidative stress factors were detected one month after the last injection. The levels of retinal vascular leakage and ganglion cell apoptosis in diabetic mice treated with RvD2 were significantly lower than those in untreated diabetic mice, as were the retinal levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress. In conclusion, RvD2 might be used as a retinal protective factor for diabetes mellitus by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
RESUMEN
Orthodontic tooth movement is a process stimulated and maintained by external tensile stress; periodontal ligament remodeling serves an important role during this process. However, the function and underlying mechanism of periostin (PN) during orthodontic periodontal ligament remodeling remain unclear. The present study established in vitro and in vivo models of orthodontic treatment to investigate the expression levels of PN under conditions of external tensile stress load. These results indicated that tensile stress load increased the expression levels of PN in mouse peridontal ligaments and human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs), during orthodontic tooth movement. Furthermore, the present study demonstrated that the expression levels of PN were regulated by transforming grown factor ß, and that PN promotes type I collagen and αsmooth muscle actin expression levels in hPDLCs. Therefore, PN may be essential for periodontal ligament remodeling during orthodontic treatment, and therefore may represent a potential therapeutic target.
Asunto(s)
Moléculas de Adhesión Celular/genética , Ligamento Periodontal/citología , Ligamento Periodontal/metabolismo , Estrés Mecánico , Técnicas de Movimiento Dental , Adolescente , Adulto , Animales , Moléculas de Adhesión Celular/análisis , Moléculas de Adhesión Celular/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Niño , Colágeno Tipo I/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , ARN Mensajero/genética , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador alfa/metabolismo , Regulación hacia Arriba , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To establish a convenient and rapid method for constructing a digital model of the maxillofacial soft tissue based on three-dimensional laser surface scanning to allow direct and accurate observation of the soft tissue changes in the course of orthodontic treatment. METHODS: The point cloud data of three-dimensional laser scanning of the maxillofacial region were acquired from a healthy woman with Angle Class I occlusion, who maintained a horizontal Frankfort plane during scanning with the scanner placed at a distance of 80 cm. The scanning was repeated twice after wearing the dental cast for an Angle Class I occlusion. The three-dimensional digital model of the maxillofacial soft tissue was constructed based on the point cloud using GeoMagic10.0 software. RESULTS: The high-resolution three-dimensional model of the maxillofacial soft tissue reconstructed allowed accurate observation of the distinct facial anatomical landmarks and represented directly the soft tissue changes in the process of orthodontic treatment by merging the models. Using the analytic tool provided by the software, this model also allowed direct quantitative measurement of the nasolabial angle and the distances from the esthetic plane to the upper lip, labral inferior, and mentolabial sulcus, which were 111.86°, -3.57 mm, -2.54 mm, and 3.95 mm before orthodontic treatment as compared to 114.31°, -2.73 mm, -1.06 mm, and 3.46 mm during treatment, and 116.53°, -0.15 mm, 0.64 mm, and 3.11 mm after the treatment, respectively. CONCLUSION: Three-dimensional laser surface scanning enables accurate and rapid construction of the digital model of the facial soft tissues, which may provide valuable assistance in orthodontic treatment.
Asunto(s)
Cefalometría/métodos , Imagenología Tridimensional/métodos , Ortodoncia Correctiva/métodos , Adulto , Cara , Femenino , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Rayos Láser , Programas InformáticosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore a new method for establishing digital models of the masseter and temporal muscles and superficial soft tissue using three-dimensional laser scanning technique. METHODS: One adult male cadaveric head without malformation was dissected to expose the superficial portion of the masseter and temporalis. Multiple aspects of the sample were scanned with three-dimensional laser scanning system, and the point clouds of the masseter and temporal muscles were generated. The specimen was scanned again after the masseter and temporal muscles had been removed. The digital model of the muscles was reconstructed with the point clouds using Geomagic software, and the morphology of the muscle model was observed and measured. RESULTS: The 3-D digital models of the masseter and temporal muscles with the anatomical characteristics were reconstructed based on the point clouds using Geomagic 8.0 software. CONCLUSION: The digital model of the muscles can vividly demonstrate the muscle contours, which provides a basis for morphological study and biomechanical analysis of the muscles.
Asunto(s)
Simulación por Computador , Imagenología Tridimensional , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Músculo Masetero/anatomía & histología , Músculo Temporal/anatomía & histología , Adulto , Cadáver , Humanos , Masculino , Músculo Masetero/diagnóstico por imagen , Modelos Biológicos , Músculo Temporal/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore the working parameters of the microwave plasma for surface modification of denture base resins. METHODS: Using orthogonal test method, 80 specimens of denture material were divided into 16 groups for testing. At the gas flow of 13.7 cm3/min, the specimens were tested under the working condition of different microwave powers (100, 150, 200 and 250 W), different gasses (oxygen, air, argon, oxygen and argon mixture), different gas pressure (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1 kPa), and varying processing time (1, 2, 5, and 8 min). Each group of specimens was treated with the microwave plasma and the contact angles were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: The pictures of instantaneous droplet morphology were obtained from each group of samples, and the values of contact angle were measured. The contact angle was 68.86 degrees in the untreated group, and the angles of several treated groups were 48.15 degrees , 40.7 degrees and 32.76 degrees, showing a statistically significant variation of the contact angle after the treatment. CONCLUSION: Processing time of 8 min, microwave power at 100 W, total pressure in the chamber at 0.8 kPa, and the presence of oxygen constitute the optimal condition of microwave plasma for surface modification of denture base resins. Under these conditions, the smallest contact angle of the denture base resins is 34.58 degrees, suggesting a good effect of surface modification.