RESUMEN
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) causes normogonadotrophic anovulation, where women experience abnormal and irregular ovulations due to dysfunctions in the hypothalamic-pituitary that ensure normal levels of estradiol are maintained. This study aims to investigate the improvement of PCOS symptoms in obese patients after undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2020 to 2022. We recruited 65 females; the inclusion criteria involved patients who were obese and experiencing infertility issues due to PCOS, patients who consented to undergo bariatric surgery, patients who were aged 22 years to 40 years, and patients who had a post-surgical BMI of ≤ 35 kg/m2. We excluded patients with medical disorders and complications, aged 40 years and above, and patients who showed a post-surgical operation BMI of greater than 35 kg/m2. Results: The patients recorded an average pre-operating BMI of 44 kg/m2 with a mean age of 28 years. Most participants had an average menstrual cycle of 60 to 90 days, with 44% of patients reporting normal menstruation. At 6 months, post-surgery, the average level of prolactin was 11.39 ng/mL, progesterone was 0.4ng/dL, SHBG at 24 nmol/L, estradiol at 24.6 pg/mL, testosterone at 34 pg/mL, LH at 10.2 mIU/ml and FSH at 5.6 mIU/ml. Discussion: Bariatric surgery enhances a reduction in body weight due to lowering BMI levels of serum and total testosterone. The increased sensitivity to insulin reduces resistance to insulin and enhances regulation of hormones. Ovulation and menstrual cycle were restored in women with PCOS due to weight loss and positive regulation of hormones. Moreover, the effects of chronic low-grade inflammations were eliminated due to a significant reduction in the adipose mass and enhanced metabolic parameters. Conclusion: We observed that bariatric surgery improved PCOS symptoms in obese women. Bariatric surgery combined with sustainable weight loss, shows promising improvements in menstrual regularity, hormonal balance, fertility and pregnancy rates for obese women with PCOS, potentially offering them a valuable option for achieving conception.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer ranks third in global cancer prevalence and stands as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortalities. With obesity recognized as a pivotal risk factor for colorectal cancer, the potential protective role of bariatric surgery, especially laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, has garnered attention. AIM: To investigate the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) vs sleeve gastrectomy (SG) effect on colorectal cancer incidence in obese individuals. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Seventeen studies with a total of 12497322 patients were included. The primary outcome was the relative risk (RR) of developing colorectal cancer in obese patients who underwent weight loss surgery compared to those who did not. Secondary outcomes included determining the RR for colon and rectal cancer separately and subgroup analyses by gender and type of weight loss surgery. RESULTS: The meta-analysis revealed a 54% reduction in colorectal cancer risk in morbidly obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery compared to those who did not. A significant 46% reduction in colorectal cancer risk was observed among female patients. However, no significant differences were found in the meta-analysis for various types of bariatric surgery, such as SG and RYGB. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis reveals weight loss surgery, regardless of type, reduces colorectal cancer risk, especially in women, as indicated by RR and hazard ratio assessments. Further validation is essential.
RESUMEN
The effect of selenium on diabetes is significant. As pharmaceutical chaperones, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) and 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) can effectively improve the oxidative stress of the endoplasmic reticulum. This study established a mice model with type 1 diabetes (T1D) to evaluate the effects of pharmaceutical chaperones on selenium distribution. Streptozotocin was used to induce Friend virus B-type mice to establish a T1D mice model. Mice were administered with TUDCA or 4-PBA. Selenium levels in different tissues were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). After treatment with TUDCA and 4-PBA, related laboratory findings such as glucose and glycated serum protein were significantly reduced and were closer to normal levels. At 2 weeks, 4-PBA normalized selenium levels in the heart, and 4-PBA and TUDCA maintained the selenium in the liver, kidney, and muscle at normal. At 2 months, 4-PBA and TUDCA maintained the selenium in the heart, liver, and kidney at normal levels. The serum selenium had a positive correlation with zinc and copper in the diabetes group and the control group, while the serum selenium had no significant association with magnesium and calcium at 2 weeks and 2 months. TUDCA and 4-PBA have crucial effects on selenium distribution in diabetic mice, and further research is needed to research their internal mechanisms.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Selenio , Ratones , Animales , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/inducido químicamente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/tratamiento farmacológico , Selenio/farmacología , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/inducido químicamente , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Ácido Tauroquenodesoxicólico/farmacología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Preparaciones Farmacéuticas , Estrés del Retículo EndoplásmicoRESUMEN
Objective: The establishment of reference intervals (RIs) for complement 3 (C3) and complement 4 (C4) is rare, especially by indirect methods. Therefore, this study aims to establish regional RIs for C3 and C4 by an indirect method, using relevant statistical methods. Methods: Total of 12,313 data points for C3 and 12,125 data points for C4 were obtained from the First Hospital of Jilin University's database in China and standardised using the Tukey and Box-Cox statistical methods. The coefficients of the skewness-median-coefficient of variation curves (LMS) were used to determine the critical value for age, and a subsequent z test used to compare the differences. A non-parametric method was used to establish the RIs. Results: The C3 and C4 concentrations showed no significant differences by sex, and a weak correlation with age. No significant difference was found after calculating the z value for the age points on the LMS curves. The RIs for C3 and C4 were 0.83-1.58 g/L and 0.15-0.40 g/L, respectively. The RIs all passed verification. Conclusion: Suitable RIs for C3 and C4 were established for the local population, and will benefit clinical diagnosis. The feasibility and practicability of the indirect method were demonstrated.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Many studies have reported that the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) reference interval is susceptible to external factors, such as age, sex, race, region and iodine intake. However, no meta-analysis has comprehensively explored the effect of these factors on the TSH reference interval. METHODS: Articles published from January 1960 to January 2020 were searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, Medline English databases and CNKI, WanFang and CQVIP Chinese databases. In total, 19 studies were ultimately included. All data were analysed using Review Manager 5.3, STATA 16.0 software, GraphPad Prism 8.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010 to draw the TSH concentration curve. RESULTS: The TSH reference interval was significantly influenced by sex and age. The mean of TSH concentration in females was 0.27 mIU/L higher than that in males. Reference interval of TSH is divided into 20-59 years old and >60 years old age groups in males, and 20-39 years old and >40 years old age groups in females. Regardless of sex, TSH concentrations all increase with age. In iodine-deficient areas, TSH reference intervals were generally lower than those in iodine-sufficient or iodine-excessive areas. The TSH reference interval in Asia and North American countries was generally higher than that in most European countries. In the subgroup analyses of sample size, region and assay methods and manufacturers, the between-group differences were significant. CONCLUSION: The TSH reference interval was significantly influenced by sex, age, iodine intake, sample size, region, and assay methods and manufacturers, but other factors should not be ignored. Therefore, it is necessary for each laboratory to validate an appropriate TSH reference interval based on local conditions.