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OBJECTIVE: To provide a method for calculating mean residence time of drugs in central compartment (MRTC).

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Objective To investigate the expression of GOLPH3 in the tumor tissues of patients with gliomas and evaluate its clinical significance. Methods Seventy-six patients with brain gliomas (13 with grade Ⅰ, 27 grade Ⅱ, 25 grade Ⅲ and 11 with glioblastoma) performed surgical excision in our hospitals from July 2008 to December 2009 were chosen and 9 cases of normal brain tissues from patients performed decompression operation resulting from cerebral hernia were selected as the controls in our experiment. RT-PCR and Western-blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of GOLPH3. Results The results investigated by RT-PCR and Western-blotting were consistent,revealing that the mRNA and protein expression rate of GOLPH3 in glioma tissues was not significantly different between different grades of tumors (P＞0.05), but their expression value was obviously significant between different grades of tumors and increased in a grade-dependent manner (P＜0.05). And minimal mRNA and protein expressions of GOLPH3 were found in the tissues of controls. The up-regulative protein expression of GOLPH3 was positively correlated to the malignancy-grade of the gliomas (r,=0.961, P=0.000). Conclusion The mRNA and protein expressions of GOLPH3 are noted with positive correlation to the pathological grades of the gliomas, indicating th at GOLPH3 may play an important role in the generation and development of gliomas.

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<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To study the relationship between promoter methylation and mRNA expressions of EMP3 and PCDH-gamma-A11 genes in human glioma, and to analyze the regulation mechanism of promoter methylation in the progression of glioma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The promoter methylation of EMP3 and PCDH-gamma-A11 was studied by a methylation specific PCR in 88 primary astrocytoma, 10 normal brain tissues and 2 glioma cell lines. The mRNA expressions were detected by real-time PCR in 30 primary glioma and 10 normal brain tissues. The correlations of their promoter methylation, mRNA expressions and clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed. The promoter methylation were also detected in U251 and SHG-44 cell lines.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The promoter methylation of EMP3 was detected in 42 tumors (47.7%) and the methylation of PCDH-gamma-A11 was detected in 76 tumors (86.4%). Their mRNA expressions were all significantly decreased in different pathological grade astrocytomas compared to the normal brain tissues (P < 0.01). Their expressions were suppressed but could be reactivated by 5-aza-deoxycytidine in U251 and SHG-44 cell lines.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The promoter methylation of EMP3 and PCDH-gamma-A11 genes may lead to the down-regulation of their mRNA levels in glioma. The promoter methylation and mRNA expressions of EMP3 and PCDH-gamma-A11 are closely related with the malignant development of glioma. The promoter methylation of the two genes may provide clues to evaluation of glioma malignancy as well as its prognosis. It also gives us an insight for future glioma medical therapy with a demethylating agent.</p>

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Humanos , Neoplasias Encefálicas , Genética , Cadherinas , Genética , Línea Celular Tumoral , Metilación de ADN , Glioma , Genética , Glicoproteínas de Membrana , Genética , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , Genética , ARN Mensajero , Genética

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Objective To compare the clinical effects of microneurosurgery by supraorbital key-hole or endonasal transsphenoidal approaches in the treatment of pituitary adenoma and investigate their complications. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 87 patients with pituitary adenoma of which the anteroposterior diameter was less than 3 cm. These patients, admitted to our hospital from May, 2006 to June, 2008, were operated in an endoscope-assisted microsurgical manner via a supraorbital key-hole approach (n=42) or an endonasal transsphenoidal approach (n=45). The efficacy of these two approaches was compared and their complications were observed. Results The excision rate of the pituitary adenoma developing on or around the sella turcica operated through the supraorbital key-hole approach was significantly higher than that through the endonasal transsphenoidal approach(P< 0.05); while that of microadenoma or adenoma developing towards the sphenoid sinus operated through the supraorbital keyhole approach was statistically lower than that through the endonasal transsphenoidal approach (P<0.05). No obvious differences on the improvement of endocrine secretion, visual acuity and field was noted in these two approaches (P>0.05). The incidence rate of epistaxis and unilateral dysosphresia in the supraorbital key-hole approach was significantly lower as compared with that in the endonasal transsphenoidal approach (P<0.05). Conclusion Rarely having such complications as dysosphresia, epistaxis and sphenoiditis, neuroendoscopic surgery through supraorbital key-hole approach is the best way of treating the pituitary adenoma developing on or around the sella turcica and worth to promote in clinic.

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Objective Toinvestigate the association between genetic susceptibility of gastric carcinoma and single nucleotide polymorphism of REG1a gene in Chinese Han population. Methods The genotype of REG1a gene were detected by PCR and DNA sequencing in 183 Chinese patients with gastric carcinoma and 204 controls.Results It was found 3 new SNPs in REG1a gene at site 929(T/C),1790(C/G) and 2751(A/T), respectively; and the different genotypes of site 929 and 1790 were significant between gastric carcinoma patients and controls(P<0.05). Conclusions Sequencing of REG1a gene from specific population is available for screening candidate SNPs. The study reveals that the initially gastric carcinoma may be associated with site 929 and 1790. It provides a basis for further screening suitable SNPs labeling forecasting risk for gastric carcinoma.

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the preoperative high resolution three-dimensional MR imaging of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, demonstrating the use in selection of patients and planning of the treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The enhanced three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled imaging and three-dimensional MR angiography with 3-T MRI system were used to detect the anatomic relationship of neural and vascular structures at the trigeminal root entry zone preoperatively, surgical findings served as a reference to compare the MR visualization with the exact anatomic relations.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-nine of 33 patients, who had the MRI positive vascular contact or compression, which was consistent to the symptom side, received the microvascular decompression (MVD). Surgical findings revealed neurovascular conflicts in all subjects, 27 of 29 (93%) were consistent to the imaging results, all the patients treated with MVD had the immediate complete pain relief.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High-resolution MR imaging successfully demonstrated its usefulness in detecting the neurovascular contact at the trigeminal root entry zone, thereby facilitating the selection of patients who were most likely to benefit from MVD.</p>

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Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Angiografía Cerebral , Métodos , Descompresión Quirúrgica , Imagenología Tridimensional , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Métodos , Cuidados Preoperatorios , Neuralgia del Trigémino , Diagnóstico , Cirugía General , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To test the hypothesis that delayed X-irradiation can enhance the functional and structural recovery of the injured spinal cord in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, 35 rats in each. The control group sustained a one-minute clip compression (force of clip was 30 g) injury of the spinal cord at the T2 level, without X-irradiation. The experimental group received X-irradiation 14 days after injury. Neurological function was assessed by the modified Tarlov method, including hind limbs movement, inclined plane, and pain withdrawal. These tests were performed in a blinded fashion at 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after injury. At 43 days after injury, histological examination of the injured spinal cord was performed following decapitation of the rats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sixty-two rats met the experimental requirements (spinal cord injury was similar), 32 rats in experimental group and 30 rats in control group. Statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in hind limbs movement and inclined plane (P < 0.01), but not in the pain withdrawal test. The edema and necrosis areas of injured spinal cords in experimental group were less than those in control group, and axons in experimental group were significantly more than those in control group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Delayed X-irradiation following spinal cord injury may enhance functional recovery by improving and restoring structural integrity of the injured spinal cord in rats.</p>

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Animales , Ratas , Axones , Fisiología , Efectos de la Radiación , Miembro Posterior , Articulaciones , Fisiología , Actividad Motora , Movimiento , Radioterapia , Métodos , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Médula Espinal , Efectos de la Radiación , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal , Radioterapia , Rehabilitación , Soporte de Peso , Rayos X

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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Percutaneous microballoon compression (PMC) for trigeminal neuralgia is an important therapeutic method. The aim of this study was to review the effects of PMC for trigeminal neuralgia in 276 patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From December 2000 to May 2003, 276 patients with trigeminal neuralgia were treated with PMC. The course of the disease ranged from 3 months to 38 years. Under the guidance of C-arm X-ray, 14# needle was placed into the foramen ovale using the classical Hakanson's technique. Fogarty balloon catheter was navigated into the Meckel's cave tenderly. A small amount of Omnipaque was slowly injected to inflate the balloon and compress the trigeminal ganglion for 3 to 10 minutes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 290 PMC were performed on the 276 patients. Among them, 252 had immediate relief from pain. The patients were followed up for a mean of 18.7 months (range, 4 to 32), 14 of them had a recurrence. Of the 14 patients, 12 were re-operated with PMC, and the pain was all controlled successfully.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PMC is an effective and technically simple method for trigeminal neuralgia. For older patients with trigeminal neuralgia, it may be the first choice.</p>

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Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Presión Sanguínea , Cateterismo , Métodos , Estudios de Seguimiento , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Neuralgia del Trigémino , Terapéutica

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Epigenetic modification, which involve DNA methylation, RNA-associated silencing and histone modification, is implicated in cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, apoptosis and malignant transformation. Some leukemogenesis has been shown to be aberrance of epigenetic modification. This paper discussed the potential causes of some of leukemias correlating with the methylation of cell cycle regulation genes, small interference RNA and modification abnormality of histone after translation. The study on epigenetic modification abnormality of leukemia cells provides a new strategy for treatment of leukemia.

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Humanos , Metilación de ADN , Epigénesis Genética , Silenciador del Gen , Histonas , Leucemia , Genética , ARN Interferente Pequeño , Genética

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression and switching of Th1/Th2 cytokines gene in human gliomas and its effects on occurring and developing of human gliomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon-gamma represent Th1 type cytokines. IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13 represent Th2 type cytokines. The gene expressions of Thl/Th2 cytokines in human glioma cells, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes, and glioma cell lines were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The biological activity of cytokines in the supernatant of glioma cell lines was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total positive rates of Th1 and Th2 type cytokines gene in human glioma cells were 14.77% and 75%. The total positive rates of Th1 and Th2 type cytokines gene in glioma infiltrating lymphocytes were 22.73% and 68.17%. There was obviously predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines in human glioma tissues, glioma infiltrating lymphocytes, and glioma cell lines. There was no unbalanced expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in normal brain tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is a predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines in human glioma cells. The switching of Thl/Th2 cytokines gene may play an important role in the occurring and developing of human gliomas.</p>

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Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Astrocitoma , Metabolismo , Patología , Neoplasias Encefálicas , Metabolismo , Patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Citocinas , Metabolismo , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Glioblastoma , Metabolismo , Patología , Interferón gamma , Metabolismo , Interleucina-10 , Metabolismo , Interleucina-2 , Metabolismo , Interleucina-4 , Metabolismo , Interleucina-6 , Metabolismo , Células TH1 , Metabolismo , Células Th2 , Metabolismo

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of curcumin on the acetylation of histone H3, P53 and the proliferation of NB4 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The total protein was extracted from NB4 cells treated without or with different concentrations of curcumin ( 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.125 micromol/L) for different time (0, 4, 8, 12, 24 h). Western blot analysis was performed to determine the levels of acetylated histone H3, P53 and acetylated P53. MTT assay was performed to examine the growth inhibition effect of curcumin on NB4 cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Curcumin could inhibit the proliferation of NB4 cells in a time- and dose- dependent manner, with the IC50 at 24 h and 36 h of 40 micromol/L and 25 micromol/L, respectively. The levels of histone H3 acetylation, P53 expression and P53 acetylation were increased obviously.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Curcumin functions as a deacetylase inhibitor,which could increase the level of acetylated histone H3, enhance the expression and activity of tumor suppressor P53, and inhibit the proliferation of NB4 cells.</p>

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Humanos , Acetilación , Antineoplásicos , Farmacología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Curcumina , Farmacología , Histonas , Metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor , Metabolismo

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To study the effect of curcumin on signaling pathway of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT5) in primary newly-diagnosed chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) cells, and to explore the clinical significance of curcumin in the treatment of primary CML cells, the cells were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group, CML cells group, and curcumin group; the cellular proliferation was assayed by MTT test; the expression of cellular STAT5 mRNA in CML cells was detected by RT-PCR; the activation of STAT5 in CML cell was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The results showed that the cellular proliferation of curcumin group (OD value 0.640 +/- 0.073) was decreased, as compared with that of the CML cells group (OD value 0.856 +/- 0.083, P <0.01). The expression levels of STAT5 mRNA in CML cells group (integral ratio of OD 1.782 +/- 0.156) were significantly greater than that in the normal control group (integral ratio of OD 0.289 +/- 0.025, P <0.01). The expression of STAT5 mRNA in curcumin group (integral ratio of OD 1.398 +/- 0.126) was significantly decreased as compared with that in the CML cells group (P <0.01). The activation of STAT5 was significantly increased in CML cells group (gray value 5323.375 +/- 515.640) as compared with that in the normal control group (gray value 2943.000 +/- 273.377, P <0.01). The activation of STAT5 of curcumin group (gray value 4331.750 +/- 398.035) was significantly decreased as compared with that of CML cells group (P <0.01). It is concluded that the cellular proliferation and the expression of STAT5 mRNA are increased in the primary CML cells. The activation of STAT5 in primary CML cells is markedly enhanced. STAT5 signaling pathway may be involved in the proliferation of primary CML cells. Curcumin can inhibit the cellular proliferation and the expression of STAT5 mRNA, and down-regulate the activation of STAT5 in primary CML cells. Curcumin may be used in treatment of leukemia.

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Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Antineoplásicos , Farmacología , Proliferación Celular , Curcumina , Farmacología , ADN , Metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al ADN , Genética , Metabolismo , Leucemia Mielógena Crónica BCR-ABL Positiva , Quimioterapia , Metabolismo , Patología , Proteínas de la Leche , Genética , Metabolismo , ARN Mensajero , Factor de Transcripción STAT5 , Transducción de Señal , Transactivadores , Genética , Metabolismo

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the surgical treatment of chiari-I malformation complicated with syringomyelia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The surgical treatments of 247 cases were analyzed retrospectively. The indication of operation styles was proposed by various surgical treatment to different MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) findings. MRI findings includes: tonsillar herniation with no or slight syringomyelia (126 cases), tonsillar herniation with syringomyelia above C(2) (second cervical vertebrae) vertebral level (38 cases), serious tonsillar herniation (to C(2) approximately C(3) level) with syringomyelia of isolated spinal segments (67 cases), serious tonsillar herniation (to C(2) approximately C(3) level) with syringomyelia above C(2) vertebral level (16 cases). They were performed by posterior fossa decompression, posterior fossa decompression and incision of the syringomyelia, posterior fossa decompression and resection of the cerebellar tonsils, posterior fossa decompression and incision of the syringomyelia combined with resection of the cerebellar tonsils respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The clinical signs and symptoms had been markedly improved or improved in 197 cases (79.8%) until patients were discharged from hospital, unchanged in 39 cases (15.8%), deteriorated in 7 cases (2.8%). there were 4 death in all cases after surgery. 107 cases were followed up from 5 months to 9 years. The postoperative MRI findings in the 107 patients demonstrated that the cavities in spinal cords disappeared completely or nearly in 78 cases, reduced in 14 cases, unchanged in 15 cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Posterior fossa decompression, posterior fossa decompression and incision of the syringomyelia, posterior fossa decompression and resection of the cerebellar tonsils, posterior fossa decompression and incision of the syringomyelia combined with resection of the cerebellar tonsils should be an effective method for treatment of chiari-I malformation complicated with syringomyelia. Surgical treatment may fully ameliorate the clinical syndromes.</p>

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Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Malformación de Arnold-Chiari , Cirugía General , Craneotomía , Laminectomía , Estudios Retrospectivos , Siringomielia , Cirugía General

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the genesis and classification and diagnosis as well as the treatment of multiple meningiomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective study of the materials of 32 cases of multiple meningiomas, simultaneously review of the related articles.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were divided into 5 groups, primary 18 cases, postoperative 7 cases, accompanied by neurofibromatosis (NF) 4 cases, meningiomatosis 1 case, accompanied with other intracranial tumor 2 cases, one with pituitary adenoma and the other with glioma. All the patients accepted operation, cured 25 cases, improved 7 cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The cytogenesis of different type of multiple meningiomas probably varied. Estrogen may play an important role in the genesis of multiple meningiomas. One stage resection of all the tumors was feasible to most cases and advocated. Most cases had strong tolerance to several times of operation, staging operation was permitted. The prognosis and principle of treatment of different group varied.</p>

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Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Meningioma , Clasificación , Diagnóstico , Cirugía General , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe the incidence, pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of traumatic subdural hydroma (TSH) developing into chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 32 patients with TSH developing into CSDH and reviewed related literature.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>16.7% of TSH developed into CSDH in this study. The time of evolution was from 22 to 100 days after head injury. All the patients were cured with hematoma drainage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TSH is one of the origins of CSDH. The clinical characteristics of TSH developing into CSDH follow that the ages of the patients are polarized, that the evolution often happens in the patients with small chronic hydromas and being treated conservatively, that the patients are usually injured deceleratedly and that the accompanying cerebral damage is often very mild.</p>

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Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Lesiones Encefálicas , Enfermedad Crónica , Hematoma Subdural , Efusión Subdural

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the types and clinical characteristics of traumatic subdural hydroma (TSH).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>One hundred and ninety-two cases of TSH were classified into four types: The types of resolution, steadiness, development and evolution on the basis of their clinical characteristics and dynamic observation of CT scanning.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patients in the resolution type often occurred in the prime of life. They had normal intracranial pressure and good prognoses using the conservative therapy. The majority of the elderly patients was in the steadiness type. Their main clinical manifestations included headache, dizziness, nausea, vomit, abnormal mentality and so on. Generally, there was no positive nervous systemic sign related to TSH. The prognoses of patients with the steadiness type treated by conservative therapy were satisfactory. The development type was common in the babies and children. This was mainly manifested as progressive increased intracranial pressure, mild hemiplegia, aphasia and abnormal mentality. The patients with development type often needed surgical treatment and might die once in a while due to accompanying cerebral parenchymal damage or postoperative complications. The evolution type was characterized by the polarized age, chronic increased intracranial pressure, often happening between 22 and 100 days after TSH and in the cases of small hydromas treated conservatively and mild accompanying cerebral damage, which always have a good prognosis by the treatment of surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The mechanism, clinical characteristics, treatment methods and prognoses varied with different types of TSH.</p>

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Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales , Pronóstico , Efusión Subdural , Clasificación , Diagnóstico por Imagen , Terapéutica , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X

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In order to explore the new methods of biological treatment of human gliomas, this project is to study the biological properties of gliomas from four different aspects, the results show that there is a IL-6 autocrine loop in human gliomas and the growth of gliomas will be inhibited when the autocrine loop is broken. There is a magnificent predominant expression of Th2 cytokines in human gliomas and human glioma cells, the switching of Th2 to Th1 can inhibit the proliferation of glioma cells. The dosage of 100 micrograms/ml of erythromycin is the best of therapeutic effect. Angiostatin can not only inhibit the vascular endothelial growth, but also have the inhibitory role on the growth of glioma cells in vivo. The above studies have provided some new ideas and will be very helpful for the treatment of glioma patients.

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Animales , Humanos , Angiostatinas , Farmacología , Terapia Biológica , Neoplasias Encefálicas , Secreciones Corporales , Terapéutica , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Glioma , Secreciones Corporales , Terapéutica , Interleucina-6 , Genética , Secreciones Corporales , ARN Mensajero , Genética , Secreciones Corporales , Células TH1 , Metabolismo , Células Th2 , Metabolismo

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical features and treatment of cystic acoustic neuroma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-two patients with cystic acoustic neuromas were diagnosed by CT and MRI preoperatively, and the tumors were resected by retrosigmoid approach, and verified by pathological studies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 22 patients, 18 had tumors totally resected (postoperative house Brackman facial nerve grading: grade II in 4 patients, III in 7, IV in 3, V in 2, VI in 2) and 4 had tumors subtotally resected.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Because of its specific clinical features and poor operative results, cystic acoustic neuroma should be regarded as a specific subtype.</p>

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Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Quistes , Diagnóstico , Cirugía General , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Neuroma Acústico , Diagnóstico , Cirugía General , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore whether X-irradiation can enhance the functional and structural recovery of the injured spinal cord of rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats received spinal cord injury by clip compression at the T2 level were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group received X-irradiation at 14 days after injury, the control group did not receive X-irradiation. The functional tests were performed at day 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 after irradiation including open field movement, inclined plane and pain withdrawal test. All injured rats were sacrificed at 43 days after injury and the injured spinal cords were taken out for histological tests.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sixty-two rats met the experimental requirements among 70 injured rats, 32 rats in experimental group and 30 rats in control group. Statistically significant difference was achieved between two groups in open field movement and inclined plane (P < 0.01), but not for the pain withdrawal test. The edema and necrosis area of injured spinal cords of experimental group were less than those in control group, and the number of axons of experimental group were more than those in control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>X-irradiation can enhance the functional recovery by improving and restoring structural integrity of the injured spinal cord.</p>

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Animales , Ratas , Axones , Patología , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Recuperación de la Función , Médula Espinal , Patología , Efectos de la Radiación , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal , Patología , Radioterapia

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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe into the incidence, mechanism and clinical characteristics of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) evolving from traumatic subdural effusion (TSE).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical materials of 32 patients with CSDH evolving from TSH were analyzed retrospectively and the correlative literature was reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>16.7% of the patients with TSH evolved into CSDH. The time of evolution was 22 - 100 days after head injury. All patients were cured with hematoma drainage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TSE is one of the origins of CSDH. The clinical characteristics of TSE evolving into CSDH include polarization of patient age, and chronic small effusion. The patients are usually injured deceleratedly and accompanied with mild cerebral damage.</p>

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Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad Crónica , Hematoma Subdural , Estudios Retrospectivos , Efusión Subdural , Heridas y Lesiones