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BACKGROUND: In recent years, the number of adolescents engaging in premarital sex has increased, and an increasing number of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) cases have been reported in China. Many studies have indicated that CSA has a well-established association with risky sexual activities. However, only a limited number of studies have explored possible reasons for this association among middle school students, a population that may engage in premarital sex, which is critical for the development of interventions to prevent risky sexual behavior. Based on random samples of middle school students from a Chinese city, this article investigated the relationship between CSA and students' premarital sexual permissiveness (PSP). METHODS: In a cross-sectional study conducted between 2016 and 2017 in Luzhou, China, 2292 middle school and high school students aged 12-18 years were recruited by multistage random sampling. All students were administered anonymous questionnaires. Multiple linear regression and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to analyze the relationship between CSA and PSP. RESULTS: The prevalence of CSA was 15.4% (354/2292; 95% CI: 14-16.9%). A higher percentage of male respondents (18.2%) than female respondents (12.9%) had experienced CSA. A positive association between CSA and PSP was found among students. Respondents who had suffered CSA exhibited greater PSP, and this relationship was observed in the male sample, female sample and the total student sample in Luzhou (ß = - 3.76, P < 0.05; ß = - 2.79, P < 0.05; and ß = - 2.84, P < 0.05, respectively). Respondents who had suffered CSA were also more likely to express a double standard about premarital sex (odds ratio [OR] =1.41, P < 0.05), especially among male students (odds ratio [OR] =1.63, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Sex differences in CSA and the relationship between CSA and PSP were significant among this large sample of middle school students in Luzhou (China). The findings suggest that experiencing CSA may be closely related to youth attitudes toward premarital sex, especially among males. Therefore, it is important to emphasize the prevention of CSA and provide adolescent reproductive health programs to reduce the impact of CSA on sexual cognition and attitude, prevent premarital sex and promote positive attitudes toward sexual equality for middle school students.

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Objective To investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D3 and high sensitive C -reac-tive protein (hs-CRP),tumor necrosis factor -alpha (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6) inflammatory markers in non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods From June 2015 to September 2015,in this cross-sectional study,120 non-obese patients with T2DM(female in 58 cases,male in 62 cases) in Taiyuan Central Hospital were selected as T2DM group,and 120 non-obese patients with T2DM and 96 healthy subjects ( control group) were recruited.The serum concentrations of glucose,HbA1c,insulin,25( OH) D3 and inflammatory markers including TNF-α,IL-6 and hs-CRP were measured.A homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was also evaluated.The clinical and biochemical characteristics of T 2DM were observed in the group of vitamin D deficien-cy group,vitamin D insufficiency group and vitamin D normal group.And the relativities were analyzed between it with hs-CRP,TNF-α,IL-6,HOMA-IR,INF,FBG,BMI,WHR,and so on.The relativities were observed between 25(OH)D3 with all the factors.Results The mean serum concentration of 25(OH)D3 in the non -obese T2DM group was (10.65 ±3.55)ng/mL,which was significantly lower than (18.44 ±5.21)ng/mL in the normal control group (t＝-6.84,P ＝0.012).The levels of serum TNF -αand IL -6 in the T2DM group were (15.51 ± 4.87)ng/L and (18.12 ±4.13) ng/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(8.99 ±2.54)ng/L,(8.89 ±2.07)ng/L](t＝7.95,10.04,P＝0.017,0.007).The proportions of deficiency,insufficiency and normal of vitamin D in T2DM patients were 60.83%,31.67%and 7.50%,respectively .The levels of TNF-αand IL-6 in the serum 25(OH) D3 deficiency group were significantly higher than those in the normal 25(OH)D3 group [(17.93 ±4.94)ng/L vs.(10.30 ±4.52)ng/L,F＝6.897,P＝0.026;(20.14 ±4.99)ng/L vs. (16.39 ±5.06)ng/L,F＝10.589,P＝0.017].There was a significant correlation between serum 25(OH)D3 and HOMA-IR(r＝-0.041;P＝0.030),TNF-α(r＝-0.229;P＝0.040) and IL -6 levels (r＝-0.299;P＝0.032),but there was no significant correlation with inflammatory factor hs -CRP and fasting blood glucose. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with T2DM,and systemic chronic inflammation may also play an important role in the pathogenesis of T 2DM.This study shows that vitamin D may play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and chronic systemic inflammatory response,an important pathogenesis of T2DM.

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Objective To study influence of nursing intervention on pain and satisfaction degree of pa-tients after lower limb fracture. Methods 200 patients of lower limb fracture were divided into the experi-mental group and the control group randomly with IOO patients in each group. Routine nursing was given to the contrtol group and special nursing intervention besides routine nursing to the experimental group. Pain and sat-isfaction degree was compared between the two groups and the results underwent χ2 test. Results The pain degree in the experimental group was much less than that of the control group, the satisfaction degree of the ex-perimental group was much higher than that of the control group. Conclusions Nursing intervention can re-liege pain degree of patients with lower limb fracture,make them go through postoperation pain stage and in-crease satisfaction degree with nursing.

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Objective To study the nursing of bedsore prevention in patients with unstable pelvic fracture. Methods Bedsore forewarning risk assessment went on in 39 patients with unstable pelvic fracture by Braden scoring method. Results No bedsore was observed in these 39 patients with unstable pelvic fracture.The nursing result turned out to be satisfactory. Conclusions The incidence rate of bed-sore can be degraded in patients with unstable pelvic fracture by forewarning risk assessment with Braden scoring method and early nursing intervention.