RESUMEN
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a very common complication that leads to increased physical disability, poor functional outcome, and higher mortality. Therefore, early detection and treatment are very important. Since there are currently no specific guidelines for this disorder in China, the purpose of this study was to develop PSD guidelines and provide suggestions for clinicians and related workers.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/psicología , Trastorno Depresivo/diagnóstico , Trastorno Depresivo/terapia , Psicoterapia , Factores de Tiempo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , China/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Sobrevivientes/psicología , Depresión/etiología , Trastorno Depresivo/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastorno Depresivo/epidemiología , Autoinforme , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular/normas , Antidepresivos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Low phosphorus availability is a major factor restricting rice growth. Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) has many useful genes lacking in cultivated rice, including stress resistance to phosphorus deficiency, cold, salt and drought, which is considered to be a precious germplasm resource for rice breeding. However, the molecular mechanism of regulation of phosphorus deficiency tolerance is not clear. RESULTS: In this study, cDNA libraries were constructed from the leaf and root tissues of phosphorus stressed and untreated Dongxiang wild rice seedlings, and transcriptome sequencing was performed with the goal of elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in phosphorus stress response. The results indicated that 1184 transcripts were differentially expressed in the leaves (323 up-regulated and 861 down-regulated) and 986 transcripts were differentially expressed in the roots (756 up-regulated and 230 down-regulated). 43 genes were up-regulated both in leaves and roots, 38 genes were up-regulated in roots but down-regulated in leaves, and only 2 genes were down-regulated in roots but up-regulated in leaves. Among these differentially expressed genes, the detection of many transcription factors and functional genes demonstrated that multiple regulatory pathways were involved in phosphorus deficiency tolerance. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed genes were also annotated with gene ontology terms and key pathways via functional classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway mapping, respectively. A set of the most important candidate genes was then identified by combining the differentially expressed genes found in the present study with previously identified phosphorus deficiency tolerance quantitative trait loci. CONCLUSION: The present work provides abundant genomic information for functional dissection of the phosphorus deficiency resistance of Dongxiang wild rice, which will be help to understand the biological regulatory mechanisms of phosphorus deficiency tolerance in Dongxiang wild rice.
Asunto(s)
Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Oryza/genética , Fósforo/deficiencia , Plantones/genética , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Regulación hacia Abajo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Oryza/efectos de los fármacos , Oryza/fisiología , Fósforo/farmacología , Plantones/efectos de los fármacos , Plantones/fisiología , Estrés Fisiológico/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a very common complication that leads to increased physical disability, poor functional outcome, and higher mortality. Therefore, early detection and treatment are very important. Since there are currently no specific guidelines for this disorder in China, the purpose of this study was to develop PSD guidelines and provide suggestions for clinicians and related workers.
Asunto(s)
Trastorno Depresivo/diagnóstico , Trastorno Depresivo/terapia , Accidente Cerebrovascular/psicología , Antidepresivos/uso terapéutico , China/epidemiología , Depresión/etiología , Trastorno Depresivo/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastorno Depresivo/epidemiología , Humanos , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Psicoterapia , Factores de Riesgo , Autoinforme , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular/normas , Sobrevivientes/psicología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Abstract Background: Low phosphorus availability is a major factor restricting rice growth. Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) has many useful genes lacking in cultivated rice, including stress resistance to phosphorus deficiency, cold, salt and drought, which is considered to be a precious germplasm resource for rice breeding. However, the molecular mechanism of regulation of phosphorus deficiency tolerance is not clear. Results: In this study, cDNA libraries were constructed from the leaf and root tissues of phosphorus stressed and untreated Dongxiang wild rice seedlings, and transcriptome sequencing was performed with the goal of elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in phosphorus stress response. The results indicated that 1184 transcripts were differentially expressed in the leaves (323 up-regulated and 861 down-regulated) and 986 transcripts were differentially expressed in the roots (756 up-regulated and 230 down-regulated). 43 genes were up-regulated both in leaves and roots, 38 genes were up-regulated in roots but down-regulated in leaves, and only 2 genes were down-regulated in roots but up-regulated in leaves. Among these differentially expressed genes, the detection of many transcription factors and functional genes demonstrated that multiple regulatory pathways were involved in phosphorus deficiency tolerance. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed genes were also annotated with gene ontology terms and key pathways via functional classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway mapping, respectively. A set of the most important candidate genes was then identified by combining the differentially expressed genes found in the present study with previously identified phosphorus deficiency tolerance quantitative trait loci. Conclusion: The present work provides abundant genomic information for functional dissection of the phosphorus deficiency resistance of Dongxiang wild rice, which will be help to understand the biological regulatory mechanisms of phosphorus deficiency tolerance in Dongxiang wild rice.
Asunto(s)
Fósforo/deficiencia , Oryza/genética , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Plantones/genética , Fósforo/farmacología , Oryza/efectos de los fármacos , Oryza/fisiología , Estrés Fisiológico/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Abajo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Plantones/efectos de los fármacos , Plantones/fisiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Dietary intervention on adverse cardiac remodeling after MI has significant clinical relevance. Rosemary leaves are a natural product with antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties, but its effect on morphology and ventricular function after MI is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: To determine the effect of the dietary supplementation of rosemary leaves on cardiac remodeling after MI, male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups after sham procedure or experimental induced MI: 1) Sham group fed standard chow (SR0, n = 23); 2) Sham group fed standard chow supplemented with 0.02% rosemary (R002) (SR002, n = 23); 3) Sham group fed standard chow supplemented with 0.2% rosemary (R02) (SR02, n = 22); 4) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow (IR0, n = 13); 5) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow supplemented with R002 (IR002, n = 8); and 6) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow supplemented with R02 (IR02, n = 9). After 3 months of the treatment, systolic pressure evaluation, echocardiography and euthanasia were performed. Left ventricular samples were evaluated for: fibrosis, cytokine levels, apoptosis, energy metabolism enzymes, and oxidative stress. Rosemary dietary supplementation attenuated cardiac remodeling by improving energy metabolism and decreasing oxidative stress. Rosemary supplementation of 0.02% improved diastolic function and reduced hypertrophy after MI. Regarding rosemary dose, 0.02% and 0.2% for rats are equivalent to 11 mg and 110 mg for humans, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our findings support further investigations of the rosemary use as adjuvant therapy in adverse cardiac remodeling.
Asunto(s)
Suplementos Dietéticos , Infarto del Miocardio/tratamiento farmacológico , Infarto del Miocardio/fisiopatología , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Rosmarinus/química , Remodelación Ventricular/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Metabolismo Energético/efectos de los fármacos , Conducta Alimentaria/efectos de los fármacos , Corazón/efectos de los fármacos , Corazón/fisiopatología , Masculino , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico por imagen , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Ratas Wistar , Análisis de Supervivencia , Sístole/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
AIMS: Leptin resistance has been associated with cardiac lipotoxicity; however, whether leptin resistance is a risk factor associated with cardiac lipotoxicity at different time points in diet-induced obesity is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate this relationship. MAIN METHODS: Male Wistar rats were fed a normal chow diet (12% from fat) or a high-fat diet (49% from fat) for 15 and 45 weeks, respectively. The adiposity index, body weight and co-morbidities were evaluated. Heart lipotoxicity was assessed by analyzing cardiac function and morphological changes as well as cardiac triglyceride, ceramide and lipid hydroperoxide accumulations. Cardiac apoptosis was examined using the TUNEL method. Leptin function was determined by examining plasma leptin levels, cardiac leptin receptors (OB-R) and related phosphorylations of AMP-activated kinase protein (AMPK) and Acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC). KEY FINDINGS: The diet-induced obesity was characterized by an elevated adiposity index, body weight and leptin levels at both 15 and 45 weeks. There was no difference between groups in the cardiac triglyceride or lipid hydroperoxide levels. Interestingly, ceramide levels decreased in obese animals in both experimental periods. The cardiac morphological and functional parameters were not altered. Although down-regulation of OB-R has occurred in chronic obesity, it did not adversely affect AMPK or ACC phosphorylation. SIGNIFICANCE: The development of obesity via long-term feeding of a high-fat diet to rats does not result in cardiac lipotoxicity but promotes the down-regulation of OB-R. However, this does not result in altered levels of AMPK or ACC phosphorylations in this animal model.