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BACKGROUND & AIMS: We examined the dietary inflammatory potential in patients who underwent liver transplantation (LTx), associated factors and its relationship with clinical outcomes ten years after the initial evaluation. METHODS: Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) scores were generated from data derived from the 24-h recall in 108 patients. RESULTS: Patients with higher DII scores (highest tertile), indicating a pro-inflammatory diet, had significantly higher serum LDL cholesterol (108.0 vs 78.2 mg/dL, p = <0.01) at the initial evaluation. However, DII scores did not significantly predict the occurrence of clinical outcomes after ten years of follow-up. Patient age was predictive of neoplasia (OR:1.05 95% CI:1.00-1.11; p = 0.03). Higher BMI at the initial evaluation was associated with steatosis (OR:1.51; 95% CI:1.29-1.77; p < 0.01), and smoking history was associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular events (OR:7.71; 95% CI:1.53-38.79; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A pro-inflammatory diet was associated with higher serum LDL cholesterol in the initial evaluation but may not be strongly related to clinical outcomes during long-term follow-up.
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Índice de Masa Corporal , LDL-Colesterol , Dieta , Inflamación , Trasplante de Hígado , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Estudios de Seguimiento , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto , Resultado del Tratamiento , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Hígado Graso , AncianoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Research into the relationship between an Energy-adjusted Diet-Inflammatory Index (E-DII) and a wider health-related biomarkers profile is limited. Much of the existing evidence centers on traditional metabolic biomarkers in populations with chronic diseases, with scarce data on healthy individuals. Thus, this study aims to investigate the association between an E-DII score and 30 biomarkers spanning metabolic health, endocrine, bone health, liver function, cardiovascular, and renal functions, in healthy individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS: 66,978 healthy UK Biobank participants, the overall mean age was 55.3 (7.9) years were included in this cross-sectional study. E-DII scores, based on 18 food parameters, were categorised as anti-inflammatory (E-DII < -1), neutral (-1 to 1), and pro-inflammatory (>1). Regression analyses, adjusted for confounding factors, were conducted to investigate the association of 30 biomarkers with E-DII. Compared to those with an anti-inflammatory diet, individuals with a pro-inflammatory diet had increased levels of 16 biomarkers, including six cardiometabolic, five liver, and four renal markers. The concentration difference ranged from 0.27 SD for creatinine to 0.03 SD for total cholesterol. Conversely, those on a pro-inflammatory diet had decreased concentrations in six biomarkers, including two for endocrine and cardiometabolic. The association range varied from -0.04 for IGF-1 to -0.23 for SHBG. CONCLUSION: This study highlighted that a pro-inflammatory diet was associated with an adverse profile of biomarkers linked to cardiometabolic health, endocrine, liver function, and renal health.
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Biomarcadores , Mediadores de Inflamación , Inflamación , Riñón , Hígado , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Biomarcadores/sangre , Femenino , Reino Unido/epidemiología , Anciano , Riñón/fisiopatología , Inflamación/sangre , Inflamación/diagnóstico , Adulto , Mediadores de Inflamación/sangre , Hígado/metabolismo , Factores de Riesgo Cardiometabólico , Dieta/efectos adversos , Medición de Riesgo , Bancos de Muestras Biológicas , Huesos/metabolismo , Biobanco del Reino UnidoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Few studies have evaluated the association between diet-related inflammation and gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) and evidence is scarce in Brazil. This study evaluated the association between a pro-inflammatory diet and GA. METHODS: A multicenter case-control study was conducted in Brazil. A total of 1645 participants-492 cases, 377 endoscopy controls, and 776 hospital controls-were included. Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DIITM) scores were derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire. We used binary and multinomial logistic regression models for the analysis of total GA, and its subtypes (cardia and non-cardia, intestinal, and diffuse histological subtypes). RESULTS: In cases versus endoscopy controls, a pro-inflammatory diet, estimated by higher E-DII scores, was associated with a higher risk GA (ORQ4vsQ1: 2.60, 1.16-5.70), of non-cardia GA (OR: 2.90, 1.06-7.82), and diffuse subtype (OR: 3.93, 1.59-9.70). In cases versus hospital controls, higher E-DII scores were associated with a higher risk of GA (OR: 2.70, 1.60-4.54), of cardia GA (OR: 3.31, 1.32-8.24), non-cardia GA (OR: 2.97, 1.64-5.39), and both intestinal (OR: 2.82, 1.38-5.74) and diffuse GA (OR: 2.50, 1.54-5.11) subtypes. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence that a pro-inflammatory diet is associated with an increased risk of GA in Brazil. E-DII requires the inclusion of sodium due to its importance in carcinogenesis.
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Adenocarcinoma , Dieta , Humanos , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Brasil/epidemiología , Dieta/efectos adversos , Inflamación/complicaciones , Adenocarcinoma/etiología , Adenocarcinoma/complicacionesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII™) has been associated with a high body mass index and markers of chronic diseases. Also, pro-inflammatory diets with a high E-DII have been positively associated with metabolic disturbances such as glucose intolerance and type II diabetes mellitus. However, it is unclear whether E-DII scores are positively associated with body fat percentage and visceral fat per se. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether the E-DII is associated with body fat content and metabolic health indicators in lean and obese young men. METHODS: The present study was conducted on 59 participants, without comorbidities, not using tobacco, medication and nutritional supplements. Dietary data were obtained by 3-day food records to calculate E-DII scores based on 28 food parameters. Body composition was assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Blood samples were taken to measure fasting glucose, insulin, triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, and low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. An oral glucose tolerance test also was performed. Associations were determined by mixed-effects linear regression. RESULTS: E-DII scores ranged from -3.48 to +3.10. Energy intake was similar across E-DII tertiles. After adjusting for covariates, the highest E-DII tertile was associated with increased body fat, visceral adipose tissue and waist circumference. There was no association between E-DII scores and glycaemic parameters. CONCLUSIONS: In young participants, a dietary pattern with a higher E-DII (i.e., pro-inflammatory) score was associated with high body fat and markers of central adiposity assessed by DXA, regardless of body mass.
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Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Grasa Intraabdominal , Adulto , Masculino , Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Estudios Transversales , Dieta , Índice de Masa Corporal , Obesidad/complicaciones , Tejido Adiposo , HDL-Colesterol , Biomarcadores , InflamaciónRESUMEN
There is limited evidence for the effects of diet on cardiometabolic profiles during the pubertal transition. We collected repeated measures of diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors among Mexican youth. This analysis included 574 offspring of the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) birth cohort followed up to three time points. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMedDiet), and Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DIITM) scores were computed from food frequency questionnaires. Higher DASH and aMedDiet scores reflect a higher diet quality, and lower C-DII scores reflect an anti-inflammatory diet. Cardiometabolic risk factors were lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, blood pressure, and waist circumference. Linear mixed models were used between quartiles of each diet score and outcomes. Compared to the first quartile, the fourth DASH quartile was inversely associated with log serum insulin (µIU/mL) [ß = -0.19, p = 0.0034] and log-Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance [ß = -0.25, p = 0.0008]. Additionally, log serum triglycerides (mg/dL) was linearly associated with aMedDiet score [ß = -0.03, p = 0.0022]. Boys in the highest aMedDiet quartile had higher serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) [ß = 4.13, p = 0.0034] compared to the reference quartile. Higher diet quality was associated with a better cardiometabolic profile among Mexican youth.
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Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Dieta Mediterránea , Enfoques Dietéticos para Detener la Hipertensión , Adolescente , Presión Sanguínea , Factores de Riesgo Cardiometabólico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Niño , Dieta , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Circunferencia de la CinturaRESUMEN
Low-grade inflammation is a suggested mechanism in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and diet could act as a regulator. Therefore, we hypothesized that the cumulative Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) exposure from diet during infancy through adulthood would be positively associated with the MetS and its components in young Mexican adults. One hundred participants from the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants cohort were included in this analysis. The dietary inflammatory potential of the diet (without supplements) was assessed using 27 nutrients obtained from repeated food frequency questionnaires (1-22 years) using the DII, a validated score. The cumulative exposure of DII was constructed using the area under the curve (AUC of DII). The MetS was defined using the International Diabetes Federation criteria, and the Metabolic Syndrome Risk Z-score (MetRisk Z-score) was estimated. Linear regressions were conducted to assess the association between the AUC of DII with MetRisk Z-score and MetS components, adjusting for sex, socioeconomic status, smoking status, physical activity, birth weight, and body mass index. In adulthood, the mean age was 21.5 years, 54% were male, and 17% had MetS. Positive associations were found between AUC of DII with MetRisk Z-score (ß = .12; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.03-0.22; P = .009) and systolic (ß = .33; 95% CI: 0.05-0.61; P = .023) and diastolic blood pressure (ß = .24; 95% CI: 0.01-0.47; P = .040). A cumulative proinflammatory diet from infancy through young adulthood is associated with higher MetRisk Z-scores as well as blood pressure. These findings may provide evidence for the implementation of anti-inflammatory diet interventions throughout early life for the prevention of cardiometabolic risk.
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Presión Sanguínea , Dieta , Inflamación , Síndrome Metabólico/epidemiología , Glucemia/análisis , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Lineales , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólico/diagnóstico , México/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: A proinflammatory diet may increase allergic airway inflammation by affecting innate and adaptive immune responses. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we examine the relation between the diet's inflammatory potential, measured by the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and current asthma, current wheeze, and lung function in U.S. children and adults. METHODS: We analyzed data from 8,175 children (aged 6-17 years) and 22,294 adults (aged 18-79 years) who participated in the 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The DII was calculated by nutrient intake based on 24-hour dietary recalls, and normalized as per 1,000 calories of food consumed to account for total energy intake. Multivariable regression models were used for the analysis of the DII and current asthma, current wheeze, and lung function measures. RESULTS: Higher DII (a proinflammatory diet) was associated with current wheeze among adults (eg, odds ratio [OR] for quartile 4 vs 1, OR = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17-1.70; Ptrend < .01) and among children with high fractional exhaled nitric oxide (a marker of eosinophilic airway inflammation; OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.13-5.02; Ptrend = .05). The DII also was associated with decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity in adults without asthma or wheezing. The DII was not associated with lung function in children or current asthma in either age group. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a proinflammatory diet, assessed by the DII, increases the odds of current wheeze in adults and children with allergic (atopic) wheeze. These results further support testing dietary interventions as part of the management of asthma.