RESUMEN
Meaningful conversation with individuals in the later stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been considered difficult if not impossible. Limiting communication to simple concrete subjects and closed-ended questions is frequently recommended. Thirty-five 30 minute conversations with individuals with advanced AD (mean Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] = 10) were transcribed and the interactions examined. No significant differences in length or relevance of response by type of question was found indicating that subjects were able to respond to open-ended questions. Use of broad opening statements or questions, establishing commonalities, speaking as equals, and sharing of self-facilitated expression of feeling; recognizing themes with salience for the individual helped to maintain the discussion.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Alzheimer/enfermería , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/psicología , Comunicación , Entrevistas como Asunto/métodos , Relaciones Enfermero-Paciente , Afecto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Emociones , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Escala del Estado Mental , Investigación Metodológica en EnfermeríaRESUMEN
TOPIC: The overwhelming obstacles adolescents face to successful achievement of the maternal role. PURPOSE: To describe an innovative, community-based program to support high risk adolescents during the early postpartum period. SOURCE: A review of the literature related to programs designed to promote maternal-role attainment and prevent child abuse/neglect. CONCLUSION: Interviews with participants indicate a positive response to the intervention but regression to maladaptive behavior in some following termination.
Asunto(s)
Maltrato a los Niños/prevención & control , Enfermería en Salud Comunitaria/organización & administración , Madres , Atención Posnatal/organización & administración , Embarazo en Adolescencia/psicología , Adolescente , Femenino , Humanos , Madres/educación , Madres/psicología , Embarazo , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de SaludRESUMEN
Demographic changes have created the need for psychiatric nurses to examine knowledge and practice in the area of geropsychiatry. Older adults present unique challenges. The interaction of biological and psychosocial problems are most evident in the oldest old and necessitate a holistic approach. This report addresses psychosocial causes and treatment of "Failure to Thrive" (FTT) in the elderly. FTT is a label commonly used to describe a complex of nonspecific symptoms that often leads to increased disability and premature death. Psychiatric nurses are challenged to take a leadership role in case finding, as well as assessment and intervention.
Asunto(s)
Anciano/psicología , Envejecimiento/psicología , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/psicología , Ira , Depresión/psicología , Evaluación Geriátrica , Enfermería Geriátrica , Humanos , Masculino , PsicoterapiaRESUMEN
This pilot study measured the effects of a community health nursing parent-baby (ad)venture program for first time mothers who were at risk for child abuse or neglect and depression. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was used. Fifteen high-risk mothers in the program were compared with 15 similar mothers who received home visits from the community health nursing staff. Measures of depression, health behaviors, self-esteem, state anxiety, and maternal-infant adaptation were measured in both groups when the mothers were 4 and 16 weeks postpartum. After controlling for pretest differences, the findings showed that program mothers reported significantly higher levels of self-esteem at the three-month period than those receiving home visits (P < 0.013). In addition, over time these mothers had significantly decreased levels of depression (P < 0.009) and significantly improved their health habits (P < 0.003). Those who received home visits showed no significant changes over time.
Asunto(s)
Maltrato a los Niños/prevención & control , Enfermería en Salud Comunitaria , Relaciones Madre-Hijo , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud , Adolescente , Adulto , Depresión , Femenino , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Humanos , Servicios de Salud Materna , Apego a Objetos , Proyectos Piloto , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Abuse and neglect of older adults is largely an invisible problem. Those who are vulnerable are often hidden from the public eye. Troubled families characteristically maintain an isolated existence and, therefore, the mistreatment of elders can occur without the knowledge of neighbors or interested community members. Factors that operate to keep the problem hidden include society's emphasis on family privacy, the victim's unwillingness or inability to report the problem, stereotypes about the aged, and denial (Quinn, 1986). Although the problem of abuse and neglect of elders is not as prevalent as child maltreatment, it is a significant societal problem in need of increased public awareness. This article will focus on the treatment of elder neglect within the context of the family.
Asunto(s)
Abuso de Ancianos/rehabilitación , Anciano Frágil/psicología , Hospitalización , Grupo de Atención al Paciente , Actividades Cotidianas/psicología , Anciano , Cuidadores/psicología , Abuso de Ancianos/psicología , Familia/psicología , Femenino , Atención Domiciliaria de Salud/psicología , Humanos , Masculino , Rol del Enfermo , Medio SocialRESUMEN
The authors discuss the challenges faced by educators regarding which communication skills are needed and how to teach those skills. They describe communication as a progressive concept in an undergraduate baccalaureate curriculum. The description includes class content, teaching strategies, and clinical application of communication theory and communication skills.