RESUMEN
A significant part of organic carbon found on the earth is deposited as fossil organic matter in the lithosphere. The most important reservoir of carbon is shale rocks enriched with organic matter in the form of kerogen created during diagenesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the bacterial communities currently inhabiting the shale rocks have had any impact on the properties and type of kerogen. We used the shale rock located on the Fore-Sudetic Monocline, which is characterized by oil-prone kerogen type II. We were able to show that shale rock inhabited by bacterial communities are characterized by oxidized and dehydrated kerogen type III (gas-prone) and type IV (nonproductive, residual, and hydrogen-free). Bacterial communities inhabiting shale rock were dominated by heterotrophs of the Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria phyla. Additionally, we detected a number of protein sequences in the metaproteomes of bacterial communities matched with enzymes involved in the oxidative metabolism of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, which may potentially contribute to the postdiagenetic oxidation and dehydrogenation of kerogen. The kerogen transformation contributes to the mobilization of fossil carbon in the form of extractable bitumen dominated by oxidized organic compounds.
Asunto(s)
Bacterias , Sedimentos Geológicos , Bacterias/metabolismo , Carbono/metabolismo , Fósiles , Sedimentos Geológicos/microbiología , Minerales/metabolismoRESUMEN
Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a very rare, benign entity of unknown pathogenesis, characterized by the presence of multiple subperitoneal or peritoneal smooth muscle nodules throughout the peritoneal surface. Mostly the course is asymptomatic and it is found incidentally during laparotomy, laparoscopy or cesarean section. Non-specific symptoms such as abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, abdominal mass or gastrointestinal signs are described. Rare cases of malignant transformation have been reported. We present a case of disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis with an unusual course and transformation to endometrial sarcoma in a 26-year-old previously healthy woman, where the appearance of peritoneal nodules was preceded by multiple incidents of fast fibroid growth and delivery of myomatous growth into the cervical canal.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Endometriales/epidemiología , Neoplasias Peritoneales/patología , Sarcoma/epidemiología , Neoplasias Uterinas/patología , Adulto , Enfermedades Asintomáticas , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/patología , Cuello del Útero/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Leiomiomatosis/patología , Músculo Liso/patología , Receptores de Estrógenos , Receptores de ProgesteronaRESUMEN
Panniculectomy is a surgical procedure that involves removal of the skin and fat excess which facilitates access to the peritoneal cavity. In the paper we present three cases of morbidly obese women (BMI: 46.3-59.5) who were treated in the Department of Gynecology and Oncological Gynecology in Lodz. One of the patients underwent an operation due to the presence of a large cervical myoma. Two another women were treated for endometrial cancer. During all of the three procedures panniculectomy was the first stage of the operation.
Asunto(s)
Abdominoplastia , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Ginecológicos/métodos , Leiomioma/cirugía , Obesidad Mórbida/cirugía , Neoplasias Uterinas/cirugía , Abdominoplastia/métodos , Adenocarcinoma/complicaciones , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Leiomioma/complicaciones , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad Mórbida/complicaciones , Neoplasias Uterinas/complicacionesRESUMEN
It is established that hormone therapy (HT) is related with significant increased prothrombotic risk factor. The aim of our study was to assess the effects of oral hormone therapy (o-HT) and transdermal hormone therapy (t-HT) on hemostasis parameters: fibrinogen (Fg) concentration, the maximum velocity of polymerization of clot formation, fibrin half-time lysis, plasma level of thrombin inhibitor of fibrinolysis (TAFI) and activity of generated thrombin and plasmin amidolytic activity. We observed that values of initial velocity of polymerization in o-HT group were increased (94.64 mOD/min vs. 131.50 mOD/min, p < 0.001) compared to control group. Fibrin lysis half-time increased in both groups with HT (controls - 18.26 min vs. 32.43 min (o-HT); 23.34 min transdermal hormone therapy (t-HT) p < 0.001) compared to controls. The activity of thrombin was statistically higher in plasma of women after o-HT (72.6 ± 8.5 mOD/min) than in patients with t-HT (53.7 ± 10.1 mOD/min) and controls (51.2 ± 10 mOD/min. Plasmin activity was the highest in controls (84.5 ± 10.2 mOD/min). The highest level of TAFI we observed in patients after oral hormones (80.38 ± 8.23%); women on transdermal HT had 61.58 ± 9.81% and the lowest concentration of TAFI we noted in controls 44.70 ± 10.16). The results of our study show that HT may partly explain the increase in venous thrombosis (VTE) and cardiovascular events reported after the use of it, especially the oral form of treatment.
Asunto(s)
Coagulación Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/inducido químicamente , Terapia de Reemplazo de Estrógeno/efectos adversos , Estrógenos/administración & dosificación , Fibrinólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Menopausia/sangre , Progestinas/administración & dosificación , Administración Oral , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Combinación de Medicamentos , Didrogesterona/administración & dosificación , Didrogesterona/efectos adversos , Didrogesterona/uso terapéutico , Estradiol/administración & dosificación , Estradiol/efectos adversos , Estradiol/uso terapéutico , Estrógenos/efectos adversos , Estrógenos/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Noretindrona/administración & dosificación , Noretindrona/efectos adversos , Noretindrona/uso terapéutico , Polonia/epidemiología , Posmenopausia , Progestinas/efectos adversos , Progestinas/uso terapéutico , Factores de Riesgo , Parche Transdérmico , Trombosis de la Vena/inducido químicamente , Trombosis de la Vena/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
AIM: Menopause is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders, which are accompanied by oxidative stress. Our study was undertaken to determine whether oxidative stress in menopausal women could be reduced after six months of oral or transdermal hormonal therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Carbonyl groups of proteins in blood plasma were estimated by sensitive ELISA method with anti-DNP antibodies. In this method, protein samples diluted in phosphate-buffered saline were adsorbed to wells of an ELISA plate and then reacted with dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). RESULTS: Plasma protein carbonyl levels of postmenopausal women treated with o-HT and t-HT for six months (o-HT: 1.785 ± 0.31 nmol/mg; t-HT: 1.838 ± 0.33 nmol/mg) were lower when compared with the control group (2.232 ± 0.28 nmol/mg). There was no statistically significant difference in carbonyl levels between women after oral and transdermal HT (P = 0.149). CONCLUSION: Hormonal therapy reduces the level of carbonyl protein, a marker of oxidative stress, suggesting potential protective effect.
Asunto(s)
Terapia de Reemplazo de Estrógeno , Estrés Oxidativo , Posmenopausia/sangre , Carbonilación Proteica , Administración Cutánea , Administración Oral , Estrógenos/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Progestinas/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Hormone therapy (HT) can be prothrombotic risk factor. We compared the effects of oral HT (o-HT) and transdermal HT (t-HT) on the kinetic of clot formation and fibrinolysis in postmenopausal women after 6 months HT using a multiparameter test. We observed that after HT, the level of fibrinogen was higher than in controls (Fg 3.12 g/l vs. 4.24 g/l (o-HT); 3,7 g/l (t-HT); p < 0.001) and values of velocity of polymerization in o-HT group were increased (95.84 mOD/min vs. 146.50 mOD/min, p < 0.001) compared to controls. Maximum absorbance of formed clots was higher in o-HT group (0.279 vs. 0.312, p < 0.001) than in controls, but in t-HT group was lowest (0.268). Fibrin lysis half-time increased in both HT groups (controls 17.16 min vs. 31.43 min (o-HT); 23.34 min (t-HT) p < 0.001) compared to values in controls. The results of our study show that o-HT caused the changes in clot formation and fibrinolysis than t-HT in postmenopausal women. The increased level of fibrinogen and its accelerated kinetics of polymerization as well as a lower rate of clot lysis may partly explain the increase in venous thrombosis and cardiovascular events reported after the use of HT, especially the oral form of that.
Asunto(s)
Administración Cutánea , Administración Oral , Terapia de Reemplazo de Estrógeno/efectos adversos , Fibrinólisis/efectos de los fármacos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Didrogesterona/administración & dosificación , Estradiol/administración & dosificación , Estrógenos/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Noretindrona/administración & dosificación , Posmenopausia , Progestinas/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: Pelvic organ prolapse is one of the most common disorders and it concerns over 50% of women over the age of fifty who gave birth. BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to establish a clinically useful protocol of MR investigation in the assessment of pelvic organs position changes during rest and in time of Velsalva test OBJECTIVE: The material includes 17 postmenopausal women (48- 59-years-old) who were examined due of lumbosacralis discopathy in MR division of USK 1 in Lodz since 2007. The examination was extended to pelvic organs imaging with the help of Velsalva test. RESULTS: Having compared static and dynamic images of investigated group and results of reference lines measurements, we have found normal pelvic organ position comparing to the H line in case of 10 women, in case of 5 women there was just a small displacement--up to 2 cm under the H line--and in case of 2 other women 2 cm above the H line. We have also found substantial increase of P line length (over 25% during tenesmus) in women with pelvic floor disorders. CONCLUSION: Dynamic MR imaging proves extremely useful in evaluation of pelvic organs position changes during rest and in time of Velsalva test.