RESUMEN
Purpose: Many school-aged children have not received dental care in West Virginia, despite mandated statewide requirements of a dental evaluation and dental treatment before entering school, and the provision of Medicaid/CHIP insurance coverage for children from families below the federal poverty level. An innovative mobile oral health program to educate children, provide preventive care, and bring technology to public schools was developed for West Virginia children in a need shortage area. It was unknown if the unmet dental needs challenge was greater for male or female children residing in that area. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a difference by sex in the number of attendees and the incidence of dental caries for children who visited a school-based mobile dental facility.Methods: School-aged children who had not had a dental examination within the previous year were offered school-based examinations/assessments, preventive care, and oral health education via a mobile oral health program following parental/guardian consent. Data were collected concerning the number of current carious teeth in need of restoration. Descriptive statistics and chi square analyses were conducted to analyze the data.Results: There were 429 students evaluated at the school-based mobile dental facility. Half (50.3%) were male. Referrals for additional necessary oral/medical care were made for 214 (50.1%) children; 45.9% of males and 53.3% of females (p= 0.287) had dental caries.Conclusion: Results from this study indicate that sex was not a statistically significant factor in school-based mobile dental facility attendance nor in current dental caries incidence among school-aged children in an underserved area of West Virginia.
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Caries Dental , Niño , Atención Odontológica , Instituciones Odontológicas , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Salud Bucal , West VirginiaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Many people have dental arches with unrestored edentulous areas posterior to natural teeth. One dental pattern is the shortened dental arch (SDA). As a result of the lack of teeth, individuals with an SDA may eat a restricted diet, including soft, highly processed foods. Such diets may increase the risk of being overweight or of obesity. We examined whether there was an association between SDA and body mass index (BMI) in adults 45-65 years of age. METHODS: The data for this study were US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008 merged files. There were 5,773 eligible participants. The data were examined for frequencies, and the results were analysed using the chi-square test and logistic regression. RESULTS: There were 69.3% participants with a shortened mandibular arch and a BMI of ≥25 compared with 71.8% of participants who had a complete mandibular dental arch and a BMI of ≥25 (P=0.7246). There were 70.6% of participants with a shortened maxillary arch and a BMI of ≥25 compared with 71.9% of participants who had a complete maxillary dental arch and a BMI of ≥25 (P=0.8859). The adjusted odds ratio for shortened mandibular dental arch was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.46-1.08) for a BMI of ≥25 as compared with individuals with a BMI<25. The adjusted odds ratio for shortened maxillary dental arch was 1.06 (95% CI: 0.63-1.78) as compared with individuals with a BMI<25. CONCLUSIONS: The research hypothesis that an SDA was related to higher BMI, and the corollary that restored or complete dentition had better odds of a lower BMI, were not supported.
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Índice de Masa Corporal , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/epidemiología , Obesidad/epidemiología , Anciano , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Estudios de Cohortes , Arco Dental/patología , Dieta , Escolaridad , Etnicidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Ejercicio Físico , Femenino , Humanos , Renta/estadística & datos numéricos , Arcada Parcialmente Edéntula/clasificación , Masculino , Mandíbula/patología , Maxilar/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas Nutricionales , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Factores Sexuales , Fumar/epidemiología , Estados Unidos/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between participants (i) who reported having had clinical diagnoses of depression and anxiety with 6+ teeth removed and (ii) who reported having had clinical diagnoses of depression and anxiety with edentulism. METHODS: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Survey 2010 was used for the study. Analyses involved using SAS 9.3® to determine variable frequencies, Rao-Scott chi-square bivariate analyses, and Proc Surveylogistic for the logistic regressions on complex survey designs. Participants eligibility included being 18 years or older and having complete data on depression, anxiety, and number of teeth removed. RESULTS: There were 76 292 eligible participants; 13.4% reported an anxiety diagnosis, 16.7% reported a depression diagnosis, and 8.6% reported comorbid depression and anxiety. The adjusted logistic regression models were significant for anxiety and depression alone and in combination for 6+ teeth removed (AOR: anxiety 1.23; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.38; P = 0.0773; AOR: depression 1.23; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.37; P = 0.0275; P < 0.0001; and AOR: comorbid depression and anxiety 1.30; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.49; P = 0.0001). However, the adjusted models with edentulism as the outcome failed to reach significance. CONCLUSIONS: Comorbid depression and anxiety are associated independently with 6+ teeth removed compared with 0-5 teeth removed in a national study conducted in United States. Comorbid depression and anxiety were not shown to be associated with edentulism as compared with any teeth present.
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Ansiedad/epidemiología , Depresión/epidemiología , Extracción Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Sistema de Vigilancia de Factor de Riesgo Conductual , Comorbilidad , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Boca Edéntula/epidemiología , Boca Edéntula/psicología , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales , Factores Socioeconómicos , Extracción Dental/psicología , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: This study investigated whether oral hygiene self-care behavior differs between genders in older adults in Appalachia, a geographic area with significant oral health concerns. Identify ing the practices of older adults may provide valuable information for designing interventions and improving overall oral health outcomes. METHODS: As part of a larger, on-going study on cognition and oral health in later life in Appalachia, a sample of dentate, older adults without dementia aged 70 and above (n=245, 86 men and 159 women) received an oral assessment by either a dentist or dental hygienist. Psychometricians assessed cognition using a standardized battery of neuropsychological tests. They also administered the General Oral Health Assessment Index and conducted structured interviews concerning diet, oral hygiene practices, oral health, social support, income and years of education Results: Over 80% of women (n=128) and 52.3% of men (n=45) reported brushing their teeth twice daily. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted, controlling for socioeconomic status, social support (i.e., frequency of contacting friends and relatives), general oral health assessment items, number of decayed, missing and filled surfaces, plaque index and having regular dental visits. The results showed that women reported more frequent tooth brushing than their male counterparts (OR=4.04, 95% CI:1.93,8.42). CONCLUSION: Older women in West Virginia had significantly better oral hygiene practices than older men, particularly regarding tooth brushing. Interventions are needed to improve older men's dental hygiene behaviors to improve overall oral health outcomes.
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Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Higiene Bucal , Autocuidado , Anciano , Región de los Apalaches , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Cognición/fisiología , Índice CPO , Atención Odontológica/estadística & datos numéricos , Dispositivos para el Autocuidado Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Índice de Placa Dental , Dieta , Escolaridad , Femenino , Evaluación Geriátrica , Humanos , Renta , Masculino , Antisépticos Bucales/uso terapéutico , Salud Bucal , Higiene Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Índice Periodontal , Autocuidado/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores Sexuales , Clase Social , Apoyo Social , Cepillado Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , West VirginiaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine oral health habits and educational needs of children as reported by their parents or guardians attending a health fair in West Virginia. METHODS: Parents and/or guardians completed a questionnaire about the oral hygiene care, food and beverage consumption of their children. They also demonstrated the amount of toothpaste applied to their children's toothbrush. Toothpaste samples were then weighed. RESULTS: Eighty-seven parents or guardians participated. An average of 0.53 mg of toothpaste was dispensed per brushing, almost double the recommended amount. Most of the parents or guardians (75%) indicated their children had brushed twice the day prior to completing the questionnaire. Only 21% reported that their children's teeth had been flossed. Most children had a limited soda, sweet drinks, and fruit juice intake. CONCLUSIONS: Participants were apparently knowledgeable about prevention, the need to limit sugary beverages, and the importance of brushing twice a day. They were not as knowledgeable about the need for flossing, providing fruits and vegetables to their children, the significance of not skipping a meal, or the appropriate amount of toothpaste use.
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Ciencias de la Nutrición del Niño/educación , Higiene Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Padres/educación , Pastas de Dientes/administración & dosificación , Bebidas , Preescolar , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Responsabilidad Parental , Ácido Silícico , Dióxido de Silicio/administración & dosificación , Fluoruro de Sodio/administración & dosificación , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , West VirginiaRESUMEN
With a diverse population of dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants, there is a wide range of sizes and shapes of individuals. Ergonomic considerations have resulted in the design of many adjustable delivery systems, chairs, and pieces of equipment. Companies have marketed instrumentation specifically for people with small hands, yet little research has been done regarding the advertising claims. The objective of this study was to compare the perceptions of dental and dental hygiene students after they used a conventional syringe and a petite syringe that has been marketed as advantageous for individuals with smaller hands. The two syringes were compared for aspiration, injection, and sense of control. A total of 181 students were invited to serve as subjects in the study, and ninety participated. The study involved two phases. During phase I, students used conventional and petite syringes to give a simulated inferior alveolar nerve block injection. In phase II, students gave a simulated palatal injection using both sizes of syringes. After performing the simulations, the students responded to a questionnaire. The students reported that the petite syringe gave them control, and 62.2 percent of them preferred it to the conventional syringe. There were differences in preferences between female and male students and also differences in preferences based on students' glove sizes. The female students preferred the petite syringe when aspiration was required. Overall, the students who wore small and extra small gloves had a preference for the petite syringe and felt it provided a sense of control, a key component when learning to provide injections.