RESUMEN
Planetary boundary-layer height is an important physical quantity for weather forecasting models and atmosphere environment assessment. A method of simultaneously extracting the surface-layer height (SLH), mixed-layer height (MLH), and aerosol optical properties, which include aerosol extinction coefficient (AEC) and aerosol optical depth (AOD), based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the same coherent Doppler wind lidar (CDWL) is proposed. The method employs wavelet covariance transform to locate the SLH and MLH using the local maximum positions and an automatic algorithm of dilation operation. AEC and AOD are determined by the fitting curve using the SNR equation. Furthermore, the method demonstrates the influential mechanism of optical properties on the SLH and MLH. MLH is linearly correlated with AEC and AOD because of solar heating increasing. The results were verified by the data of an ocean island site in China.
RESUMEN
Factors influencing atmospheric visibility (VIS) in coastal areas are more complex than those for inland and far oceans owing to the complex circulation and aerosol sources. This study analyzed the factors influencing VIS under sea-land breeze circulation (SLBC) for different external aerosol sources based on field survey data in southern Chinese coastal areas. First, SLBC characteristics observed during the experiment period showed that on SLBC days, sea breeze occurs more frequently (â¼50%) than land breeze (â¼27%), and the wind speed (WS) is generally small, with a mean sea and land breeze WSs of â¼2.18 m/s and â¼2.38 m/s, respectively. Then, analysis of factors influencing VIS was conducted for different land/sea breeze conditions and external aerosol source conditions indicated by the HYSPLIT4 model simulations. Results showed that the aerosol particle number concentration (PNC) and relative humidity (RH) both had negative correlations with VIS, while only very weak relationships between WS and VIS were found, possibly due to small WSs on SLBC days or because local aerosols were not pure marine aerosols. Further two-factor analysis of VIS showed that the power-law function relating VIS with PNC in each RH bin ranges from â¼-0.3 to â¼-1.5, and VIS exhibited sharper exponential decline with increasing PNC under high RH. A new method of retrieving aerosol-extinction hygroscopic growth factor (fext) with the measured VIS, RH, and PNC was developed to investigate the optical hygroscopic growth property of aerosols. Results show that aerosols in the study area have similar fext under different land/sea breeze and external aerosol source conditions; the deliquescence RH of aerosols is â¼60%, suggesting that mainly polluted marine aerosol was observed during experiments in this area.
RESUMEN
We verified the feasibility of an alternative solution to generate temperature and pressure profiles with the U.S. standard atmosphere model (USSA-76). We simultaneously integrated this model with conventional meteorological parameters measured by a weather station in the course of estimating the refractive index structure constant (C n2). Moreover, a continuous-time-series estimation method of the refractive index structure constant was established within the marine atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) based on wind data obtained from a coherent Doppler wind lidar (CDWL). We also analyzed the optical turbulence characteristics induced by wind shear during the conducted experiment. Laminated and patchy stratified turbulences, which affect the performance of imaging and light transmission systems, were found within the marine ABL. Additionally, the relationship between the ABL and all atmospheric optical turbulence factors shows that the ratio of marine ABL in the entire layer differs from that reported in previous studies. Moreover, the influence of thermal turbulence factors within the marine ABL was less than that of the entire layer in our case. We report a real-time C n2 estimation method based on a CDWL. The characteristics of the marine ABL C n2 constitute a reference for optoelectronic applications.
RESUMEN
We obtain an intrinsic optical turbulence model using a data-driven method named complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition. First, the measured profile of a refractive index structure parameter is decomposed into a set of intrinsic mode functions and a residue. The components are tested against white noise to determine the statistical significance. Meanwhile, the physical meanings of the IMFs are revealed using meteorological data that agrees with previous research. Second, the effect of noisy oscillations, quasi-cyclical variations, and the trend on the overall profile are evaluated by the variance contribution rate. Third, the intrinsic optical turbulence model is defined. The combination of different IMFs with the residue forms intrinsic optical turbulence profiles, by which the stratification structures on different scales are embedded into the model. Comparison with other models highlights the virtue of the intrinsic optical turbulence model.