RESUMEN
From January 1986 to December 1987, 596 children less than 5 years of age with lower respiratory tract infection (LRI)--manifested as laryngitis, croup, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia--were studied for evidence of infection with respiratory tract viruses Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia trachomatis. Of the 596 children in the study, 315 were ambulatory and 281 were hospitalized. Virologic studies included isolation and rapid diagnosis of virus from specimens of nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) and serologic studies of blood samples. Cultures of NPA for C. trachomatis were performed for children less than 6 months of age who had pneumonia. Of the LRI cases, 45% were associated with viral infections of the respiratory tract and 12.1% were associated with C. trachomatis. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) accounted for 45.2% of infections with viral agents and was associated with acute bronchitis, acute bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. Parainfluenza type 3 virus was the most common virus found in conjunction with laryngitis and croup. The incidence of infections due to RSV peaked in July and August, while that of infections due to parainfluenza viruses peaked in February and March; influenza viruses and adenoviruses were isolated throughout the year.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/microbiología , Virosis/microbiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Factores de Edad , Bronquiolitis/epidemiología , Bronquiolitis/microbiología , Bronquitis/epidemiología , Bronquitis/microbiología , Preescolar , Chlamydia trachomatis/aislamiento & purificación , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Laringitis/epidemiología , Laringitis/microbiología , Masculino , Mycoplasma pneumoniae/aislamiento & purificación , Nasofaringe/microbiología , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , Neumonía Viral/microbiología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/epidemiología , Estaciones del Año , Tailandia/epidemiología , Traqueítis/epidemiología , Traqueítis/microbiología , Virosis/epidemiologíaAsunto(s)
Peso al Nacer , Edad Materna , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Embarazo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tailandia , Factores de TiempoAsunto(s)
Peso al Nacer , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Fertilidad , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Recién Nacido de Bajo Peso , Recién Nacido , Edad Materna , Persona de Mediana Edad , Paridad , Embarazo , Estudios Retrospectivos , TailandiaAsunto(s)
Peso al Nacer , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Embarazo , Estudios Retrospectivos , TailandiaRESUMEN
PIP: Data on infant and child mortality obtained in 8 studies previously undertaken in various regions of Thailand were reviewed in order to obtain a more accurate assessment of mortality rates and causes of death for infants and preschool children than can be obtained by analyzing birth and death registrations. Studies reviewed included 6 retrospective population and sample surveys conducted between 1969-1979 in marginal areas of Bangkok, rural areas near Bangkok, 6 provinces in the Meklong River Basin, and 9 villages in Ubon Province and a prospective and follow-up study of perinatal and infant deaths in the district of Bang Pa-In. In the retrospective studies women of reproductive age wre interviewed about their pregnancy histories. A summary of the findings of these studies indicated that the infant death rates in rural areas around Bangkok and in the central and northeastern regions of the country were 2-3 times higher than in the metropolitan areas of bangkok. The approxiamte infant mortality rate was 20/1000 live births for Bangkok, 42/1000 live births in the rural areas near Bangkok, and 61-65/1000 live births in the central and northeastern regions. Neonatal deaths accounted for 2/3 of the infant deaths and 2/3-3/4 of the neonatal deaths were early neonatal deaths. Infromation on the cause of death was obtained in some of the surveys and in the prospective study. This information is presented in tabular form. Many of the causes of early and late neonatal deaths, such as tetanus, diarrhea, sepsis, and bleeding are preventable or at least reducible. The prevalence of protein energy malnutrition ranged from 42-34% in the studied areas. The information derived from the analysis should be useful in developing health care programs.^ieng