RESUMEN
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are the major cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Medical imaging is an important auxiliary means for the diagnosis, assessment and prognostic prediction of GI cancers. Radiomics is an emerging and effective technology to decipher the encoded information within medical images, and traditional machine learning is the most commonly used tool. Recent advances in deep learning technology have further promoted the development of radiomics. In the field of GI cancer, although there are several surveys on radiomics, there is no specific review on the application of deep-learning-based radiomics (DLR). In this review, a search was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar with an emphasis on the application of DLR for GI cancers, including esophageal, gastric, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. Besides, the challenges and recommendations based on the findings of the review are comprehensively analyzed to advance DLR.
Asunto(s)
Aprendizaje Profundo , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales , Humanos , Pronóstico , Aprendizaje Automático , Diagnóstico por Imagen/métodos , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/terapiaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel gene delivery vector with poly-aspartamide-glutamic acid and polyethylenimine as the backbone. METHODS: alpha, beta-poly-(N-2-hydroxypropyl)-D, L-aspartamide-glutamic acid (PHPAG) was synthesized and low molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI 1.8 kDa) was grafted to form PHPAG-PEI 1800. Chemical and biological characterization of the polymer was identified. RESULT: The polymer was confirmed by (1)H-NMR, and the molecular weight was about 1.2 x 10(4). The ability of DNA binding was showed by gel retardation assay at N/P ratio of 3. 5. MTT assay showed that the polymer was non toxic in COS-7 and A293 cell lines. In vitro test demonstrated that it had high transfection efficiency in B16 and Hela cell lines. CONCLUSION: PHPAG-PEI 1800 was successfully synthesized,which might be a potential vector for gene delivery.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas de Transferencia de Gen , Ácido Glutámico/química , Péptidos/química , Polietileneimina/química , Línea Celular , Terapia Genética/métodos , Humanos , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización IntercelularRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To develop a novel non-viral gene delivery vector based on PEI-beta-CyD as backbone modified with aspirin, and to identify its physicochemical characters. METHODS: 1, 1-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) was used to bind aspirin onto PEI-beta-CyD to form PEI-beta-CyD-ASP. (1)H-NMR, FT-IR, UV and XRD were used to confirm the polymer structure. The ability of condensation was demonstrated by gel retardation assay. MTT assay was used to test the cell viability in B16, Hela and A293 cell lines. Transfection efficiency of the polymer was tested in B16 cells. RESULT: The structure of PEI-beta-CyD-ASP was confirmed by (1)H-NMR, FT-IR, UV and XRD, which efficiently condensed plasmid DNA at the N/P ratio of 4. The copolymer showed low cytotoxicity and high transfection efficiency in B16 cells. CONCLUSION: The synthesized aspirin-PEI-beta-CyD might be a potential gene delivery vector.
Asunto(s)
Aspirina/química , Técnicas de Transferencia de Gen , Polietileneimina/química , beta-Ciclodextrinas/química , Línea Celular , Terapia Genética/métodos , HumanosRESUMEN
Genetic diversity and differentiation among 50 populations of total 8 species and 1 variety of Fagopyrum tataricum and its related species from 27 counties of Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, Southwest China were investigated using allozyme electrophoresis. Seven enzymesat 12 loci were assessed. The result shows that among 8 species and 1 variety, inbreeding coefficient is -0.54(-)-0.80, which means hterozogote excess. Higher genetic diversity was found in the wild related species of F. tataricum than in F. tataricum. F. dibotrys has the highest Fst value, which means that more genetic variations exist among its populations. The lowest Fst value shows that less genetic variations exist among population of F. gracilipes whic is close to panmictic There is almost no genetic differentiation between populations of F. statice. Genetic similarity is 55.3%-65.2% between species of F. tataricum and its related species, which is close to the average level among species in seed plants. According to the cluster analysis of genetic similarity, F. gracillipes is most close to F. tataricum and F. esculentum. Jinsha River region is the distributional and original center of F. tataricum and its related species.