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Background: A thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a known condition seen in cardiovascular practice. A TAA rupture and postoperative infection may result in death. Preoperative infections leading to death are extremely rare. Case Study: A 62-year-old Chinese female was admitted to The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University with a two-day history of abdominal pain. She was diagnosed with a TAA rupture and underwent immediate surgery. The preoperative urine analysis indicated that the positive bacteria and white blood cell count suggested a urinary tract bacterial infection. The patient was administered the empiric antibiotics, cefazolin; however, her blood pressure continued to drop during the perioperative period and she died of uncorrectable acidosis 8 h after the operation. On the second day after death, both the blood and urine cultures were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: Given that this patient with a TAA rupture died of uncorrected acidosis caused by preoperative infection, it is important to evoke the diagnosis in the context of TAA. Routine laboratory indicators are valuable factors for surgeons and physicians in assessing a patient's condition and improving their prognosis.
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BACKGROUND: ß-amyloid peptides (Aß) induced oxidative damage contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, and the cerebrovascular system is more vulnerable to oxidative stress. Our earlier study showed a clue that Genistein (Gen) might activate the Nf-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway to protect cerebrovascular cells from oxidative damage induced by Aß, but the specific mechanisms and regulation targets are unclear. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the anti-oxidative effects and the possible targets of Gen on regulating the Nrf2 pathway in bEnd.3 cells were investigated. Cells were divided into control, Aß25-35, Gen, and Gen+Aß25-35 groups. METHODS: Cell viability, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity, and nitrotyrosine were evaluated. Moreover, mRNA and/or protein expressions of Nrf2 and kelchlike ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) were measured. Then we transfected Keap1 over-expressed plasmid into bEnd.3 cells and measured the protein expressions of Nrf2 pathway related factors. RESULTS: Data showed that Gen could inhibit the over-production of MDA and nitrotyrosine and activate SOD activity. Furthermore, we discovered that Gen could up-regulate Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression while down-regulating Keap1 protein expression. The Keap1 over-expressed plasmid study revealed that the up-regulation of Nrf2 protein expression induced by Gen pretreatment could be blocked by transfection of Keap1 over-expressed plasmid, and the same results were observed in Nrf2 downstream factors. CONCLUSION: Gen could alleviate the cerebrovascular cells' oxidative damage induced by Aß25-35 by regulating the Nrf2 pathway, and Keap1 might be one of the targets of Gen in activating the Nrf2 pathway.
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Genisteína , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2 , Animales , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Genisteína/farmacología , Proteína 1 Asociada A ECH Tipo Kelch/metabolismo , Ratones , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2/genética , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2/metabolismo , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismoRESUMEN
As an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-inducible protein, mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) has been proven to protect dopaminergic neurons and nondopaminergic cells. Our previous studies had shown that MANF protected against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Here, we developed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology to dynamically evaluate the therapeutic effects of MANF on ischemia/reperfusion injury. We established a rat focal ischemic model by using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). MRI was performed to investigate the dynamics of lesion formation. MANF protein was injected into the right lateral ventricle at 3 h after reperfusion following MCAO for 90 min, when the obvious lesion firstly appeared according to MRI investigation. T2-weighted imaging for evaluating the therapeutic effects of MANF protein was performed in ischemia/reperfusion injury rats on Days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 post-reperfusion combined with histology methods. The results indicated that the administration of MANF protein at the early stage after ischemia/reperfusion injury decreased the mortality, improved the neurological function, reduced the cerebral infarct volume, and alleviated the brain tissue injury. The findings collected from MRI are consistent with the morphological and pathological changes, which suggest that MRI is a useful technology for evaluating the therapeutic effects of drugs.
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Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media/tratamiento farmacológico , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Factores de Crecimiento Nervioso/uso terapéutico , Daño por Reperfusión/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Encéfalo/irrigación sanguínea , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Infarto de la Arteria Cerebral Media/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Factores de Crecimiento Nervioso/administración & dosificación , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Proteínas Recombinantes , Daño por Reperfusión/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
The increase of reactive oxygen species in infracted heart significantly reduces the survival of donor mesenchymal stem cells, thereby attenuating the therapeutic efficacy for myocardial infarction. In our previous study, we demonstrated that lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) protects bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) against hypoxia and serum deprivation-induced apoptosis. However, whether LPA protects BMSCs from H2O2-induced apoptosis was not examined. In this study, we report that H2O2 induces rat BMSC apoptosis whereas LPA pre-treatment effectively protects BMSCs from H2O2-induced apoptosis. LPA protection of BMSC from the induced apoptosis is mediated mostly through LPA3 receptor. Furthermore, we found that membrane G protein Gi2 and Gi3 are involved in LPA-elicited anti-apoptotic effects through activation of ERK1/2- and PI3 K-pathways. Additionally, H2O2 increases levels of type II of light chain 3B (LC3B II), an autophagy marker, and H2O2-induced autophagy thus protected BMSCs from apoptosis. LPA further increases the expression of LC3B II in the presence of H2O2. In contrast, autophagy flux inhibitor bafilomycin A1 has no effect on LPA's protection of BMSC from H2O2-induced apoptosis. Taken together, our data suggest that LPA rescues H2O2-induced apoptosis mainly by interacting with Gi-coupled LPA3, resulting activation of the ERK1/2- and PI3 K/AKT-pathways and inhibition caspase-3 cleavage, and LPA protection of BMSCs against the apoptosis is independent of it induced autophagy.
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Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Subunidad alfa de la Proteína de Unión al GTP Gi2/metabolismo , Subunidades alfa de la Proteína de Unión al GTP Gi-Go/metabolismo , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/antagonistas & inhibidores , Lisofosfolípidos/farmacología , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Células de la Médula Ósea/citología , Células de la Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Células de la Médula Ósea/metabolismo , Caspasa 3/genética , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Subunidad alfa de la Proteína de Unión al GTP Gi2/genética , Subunidades alfa de la Proteína de Unión al GTP Gi-Go/genética , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/farmacología , Masculino , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/citología , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/metabolismo , Proteínas Asociadas a Microtúbulos/genética , Proteínas Asociadas a Microtúbulos/metabolismo , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/genética , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Proteína Quinasa 3 Activada por Mitógenos/genética , Proteína Quinasa 3 Activada por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Cultivo Primario de Células , Isoformas de Proteínas/genética , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Receptores del Ácido Lisofosfatídico/genética , Receptores del Ácido Lisofosfatídico/metabolismoRESUMEN
The odor in raw water is one of the main sources of odor in drinking water. The occurrence of actinobacteria and their odor producing capacities in a reservoir in.Shanghai were investigated. Gauze's medium and membrane filtration were used for actinobacteria isolation. Through combined methods of 16S rRNA sequencing, colony and hyphae morphology, carbon source utilization, physiological and biochemical characteristics, 40 strains of actinobacteria were identified from the reservoir. Results showed that there were 38 Streptomyces, an Aeromicrobium and a Pseudonocardia. Liquid culture medium and the real reservoir water were used to test the odor producing capacity of these 40 strains of actinobacteria, and headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and high resolution gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) were used to analyze the odor compounds 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin (GSM) in the fermentation liquor. The test results showed that, the odor-producing capacities of these actinobacteria in different fermentation media showed different variation trends, even within the genera Streptomyces. The odor-producing capacity of actinobacteria in the liquid culture medium could not represent their states in the reservoir water or their actual odor contribution to the aquatic environment.
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Actinobacteria/clasificación , Agua Potable/análisis , Odorantes , Microbiología del Agua , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Actinobacteria/aislamiento & purificación , Canfanos/análisis , China , Agua Potable/microbiología , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Naftoles/análisis , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Microextracción en Fase SólidaRESUMEN
This paper presents a new kind of collecting and processing system of the sound signal of larynx where double sound cards and software filter are used. The installation of the double sound cards and processing proposal of software are mainly discussed and a new kind of ADC method of dual-channel sound signal is put forward in this paper. This system has the feature of reliable performance, simple installation and easy maintenance.