RESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of capecitabine plus bevacizumab compared with capecitabine alone in elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) from a Chinese societal perspective. METHODS: A decision-analytic Markov model was conducted to simulate the process of metastatic CRC. Three distinct health states: progression-free survival (PFS), progressive disease and death were included. Clinical data were derived from the AVEX trial. Health effectiveness was denoted in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and health utilities were derived from previously published studies. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was regarded as the primary endpoint and willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold was set at $26,753.37/QALY (3 × per capita GDP of China, 2017). One-way sensitivity analyses and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were also performed to explore the parameters uncertainty in the study. RESULTS: Over a 10-year life horizon, capecitabine plus bevacizumab gained 1.14 QALYs at an average cost of $21,609.48, while the effectiveness and cost of capecitabine group were 0.99 QALYs and $7274.83, respectively. The ICER between the two groups was $95,564.33/QALY. Parameters that mostly influenced the results of the model were utility of PFS state, duration of PFS state for capecitabine plus bevacizumab, total cost of PFS state for capecitabine plus bevacizumab and price of bevacizumab. The probabilities of capecitabine plus bevacizumab and capecitabine as the dominant option were 0% and 100% at the WTP threshold of $26,753.37/QALY. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study showed that capecitabine plus bevacizumab is unlikely to be a cost-effective treatment option for elderly patients with metastatic CRC.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/economía , Neoplasias Colorrectales/economía , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Años de Vida Ajustados por Calidad de Vida , Anciano , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Bevacizumab/administración & dosificación , Capecitabina/administración & dosificación , China , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , PronósticoRESUMEN
In this study, we assessed the association between the EFEMP1 rs3791679 polymorphism and glioma risk in a Chinese Han population. A total of 94 glioma patients and 206 healthy controls who conformed to the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited from Baogang Hospital between March 2012 and October 2014. The EFEMP1 rs3791679 gene polymorphism was assessed using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay and the results were statistically analyzed using SPSS Statistics 17.0. The results of unconditional logistic regression analysis revealed that the GG genotype of EFEMP1 rs3791679 was positively correlated with increased susceptibility to glioma (adjusted OR = 2.09, 95%CI = 1.21-7.81). Moreover, the GG genotype of EFEMP1 rs3791679 was correlated with higher risk of glioma compared to the AA+GA genotype (OR = 2.60, 95%CI = 1.08-6.28) in the regressive model. In conclusion, we report that the EFEMP1 rs3791679 polymorphism influences glioma susceptibility in the Chinese Han population.
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Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Proteínas de la Matriz Extracelular/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Glioma/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Adulto , Pueblo Asiatico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/etnología , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Glioma/diagnóstico , Glioma/etnología , Glioma/patología , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos Genéticos , Oportunidad Relativa , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Activity of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), an enzyme involved in folate metabolism, is influenced by mutations in the corresponding gene, contributing to a decrease in 5,10-MTHF. Due to such polymorphisms, individuals differ in MTHFR enzyme activity and plasma folate levels. We investigated the relationship between two common MTHFR polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) and breast cancer (BC) chemotherapy response. From February 2013 to January 2016, 148 advanced BC patients at the Center Hospital of Cangzhou were enrolled and treated with six different chemotherapy regimens. Subjects were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Forty-one (27.7%), 70 (47.3%), and 37 (25.0%) patients carried the C/C, C/T, and T/T C677T genotypes, respectively; 101 (68.2%), 42 (28.4%), and 5 (3.4%) had the A/A, A/C, and C/C genotypes of A1298C, respectively. Total chemotherapy efficacy was 66.9% (99/148), with 7 (4.7%), 92 (62.2%), 36 (24.3%), and 13 (8.8%) cases showing complete response, partial response, no change, and progressive disease, respectively. Chemotherapy regimens did not differ in effectiveness (P > 0.05). Efficacy rates associated with C677T C/C, C/T, and T/T genotypes were 58.5, 58.6, and 91.9%, respectively, with T/T carriers exhibiting significantly better responses than the C/C (P < 0.05) and C/T groups (P < 0.05). Effectiveness among A1298C A/A, A/C, and C/C carriers was 70.6, 64.3, and 0.0%, respectively, but no difference was established between these genotypes in this regard (P > 0.05). The MTHFR C677T genotype may be associated with BC chemotherapy response, and could be of great value in guiding individualized treatment for this disease.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Metilenotetrahidrofolato Reductasa (NADPH2)/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Adulto , Anciano , Neoplasias de la Mama/enzimología , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an economically important pest that causes major losses in some main crop-producing areas of China. To control this pest effectively, it is necessary to investigate its population genetic diversity and genetic structure around the Bohai Gulf area of China. In this study, we used two mitochondrial genes, COI (578 bp) and Cytb (724 bp), to investigate its genetic diversity. We obtained 622 COI sequences and 462 Cytb sequences from 23 populations, and 28 and 73 haplotypes, respectively, were identified. Low to moderate levels of genetic diversity (COI: Hd = 0.267 ± 0.023, Pi = 0.00082 ± 0.00010; Cytb: Hd = 0.689 ± 0.018, Pi = 0.00255 ± 0.00029) for the total populations were observed. Phylogenetic and median-joining network analyses indicated no distinct geographical distribution pattern among the haplotypes. Overall, this study revealed that there was significant differentiation among the populations (COI: FST = 0.158, P < 0.001; Cytb: FST = 0.148, P < 0.001). FST values for Shenyang, Baoding, and Funing were significantly different to those for most of the other populations. Finally, unimodal mismatch distribution analysis, combined with negative neutrality test results, showed a recent population expansion of the beet armyworm around the Bohai Gulf area of China.
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Spodoptera/genética , Animales , China , ADN Mitocondrial/genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Genes Mitocondriales , Variación Genética , Genética de Población , Haplotipos , Mitocondrias/genética , Filogeografía/métodos , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
As a proven tool, DNA barcoding can identify species rapidly and unambiguously. In this study, we used mtDNA cyt b, COI, and 16s rRNA sequences of six species of Pseudohynobius, Protohynobius puxiongensis, Liua shihi, Ranodon sibiricus, and Pachyhynobius shangchengensis, to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods. Approximate lineage divergence times were also estimated, the divergence between them was calculated to have taken place mainly in Miocene. Our results showed that: 1) Ps. guizhouensis is an independent and valid species that is a sister species to Ps. kuankuoshuiensis; 2) five Pseudohynobius species formed a monophyletic group; 3) Ps. tsinpaensis is different from L. shihi, and should be classified as belonging to the Liua genus; and 4) Pr. puxiongensis is the sister lineage to all Pseudohynobius species, and should therefore be named Pseudohynobius puxiongensis.
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Urodelos/genética , Animales , Teorema de Bayes , Citocromos b/genética , Código de Barras del ADN Taxonómico/métodos , ADN Mitocondrial/genética , Complejo IV de Transporte de Electrones/genética , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Chromosomal abnormality is the most common genetic cause of male infertility, particularly in cases of azoospermia, oligozoospermia, and recurrent spontaneous abortion. Chromosomal rearrangement may interrupt an important gene or exert position effects. The functionality of genes at specific breakpoints, perhaps with a specific role in spermatogenesis, may be altered by such rearrangements. Structural chromosome abnormalities are furthermore known to increase the risk of pregnancy loss. In this study, we aimed to assess chromosomal defects in infertile men from Jilin Province, China, by genetic screening and to evaluate the relationship between structural chromosome abnormalities and male infertility. The prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities among the study participants (receiving genetic counseling in Jilin Province, China) was 10.55%. The most common chromosome abnormality was Klinefelter syndrome, and the study findings suggested that azoospermia and oligospermia may result from structural chromosomal abnormalities. Chromosome 1 was shown to be most commonly involved in male infertility and balanced chromosomal translocation was identified as one of the causes of recurrent spontaneous abortion. Chromosomes 4, 7, and 10 were the most commonly involved chromosomes in male partners of women experiencing repeated abortion.
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Aberraciones Cromosómicas , Pruebas Genéticas , Infertilidad Masculina/diagnóstico , Infertilidad Masculina/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Azoospermia/diagnóstico , Azoospermia/epidemiología , Azoospermia/genética , China/epidemiología , Asesoramiento Genético , Pruebas Genéticas/métodos , Humanos , Infertilidad Masculina/epidemiología , Cariotipo , Cariotipificación , Masculino , Tamizaje Masivo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Oligospermia/diagnóstico , Oligospermia/epidemiología , Oligospermia/genética , Análisis de Semen , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between the expression levels of Gli1 and p53 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and its pathological significance. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was employed to measure the expression level of Gli1 and p53 in 85 sets of paraffin-embedded PDAC and corresponding para-carcinoma tissue specimens. The relationship between these results and the respective patients' clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. IHC staining revealed that the expression levels of Gli1 and p53 in cancer tissues were evidently higher than that of para-carcinoma tissues (P < 0.05); while Gli1 expression levels correlated with the corresponding TNM stage and tumor infiltration depth, p53 expression level correlated with the respective TNM stage (P < 0.05). Taken together, this study demonstrates increased expression of Gli1 and p53 in PDAC, and proves that Gli1 could be apotential biomarker for prognostic judgment.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/metabolismo , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/patología , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patología , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Anciano , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Páncreas/metabolismo , Páncreas/patología , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/genética , Pronóstico , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genética , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Proteína con Dedos de Zinc GLI1 , Neoplasias PancreáticasRESUMEN
In this study, the relationship between CYP19 gene polymorphisms and breast cancer in Xinjiang Uigur women was investigated. A case-control study was designed to compare 112 Uigur breast cancer patients with 139 Uigur healthy controls. Individuals were genotyped for the CYP19 rs10046 polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Accordingly, the relationship between the rs10046 polymorphism and the susceptibility of Xinjiang Uigur women to breast cancer was analyzed. Given that the allele at the rs10046 site varies between C and T within the CYP19 gene, the frequency distribution of the C and T allele in breast cancer subjects were 48.2 and 51.8% respectively, and 47.5 and 52.5% in control cases. Moreover, the frequency distribution of the TC, CC, and TT genotype were 26.8, 42.9, and 30.4% in breast cancer cases, but 18.0, 59.0, and 23.0% in control cases (P < 0.05). Risk factors within the Uigur population for breast cancer included an age ≥ 50 years old, a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2), and a parity ≥ 2. Conversely, an abortion and the CYP19 rs10046 TC genotype were protective factors. Menopause was another independent risk factor for breast cancer in Uigur women after the correction for age, BMI, age at first parity, pregnancy, and breastfeeding. In conclusion, breast cancer in Xinjiang Uigur women is closely connected with the age, BMI, parity, abortion, and CYP19 rs10046 polymorphisms. The TC genotype and an abortion can reduce the risk of the breast cancer disease in Uigur women.
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Aromatasa/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Pueblo Asiatico/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/enzimología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , China , Femenino , Frecuencia de los Genes , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Preliminary studies have suggested that a characteristic element of the matrix attachment region (MAR) in human interferon-ß mediates the adhesion of vectors to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. In this study, we investigated if vector adhesion increased nerve growth factor (NGF) expression in CHO cells. The MAR characteristic element sequence of human interferon-ß was inserted into the multiple-cloning site of the pEGFP-C1 vector. The target NGF gene was inserted upstream of the MAR characteristic element sequence to construct the MAR/NGF expression vector. The recombinant plasmid was transfected into CHO cells and stable monoclonal cells were selected using G418. NGF mRNA and protein expression was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Plasmid reduction experiments were used to determine the state of transfected plasmid in mammalian cells. The insertion of MAR into the vector increased NGF expression levels in CHO cells (1.93- fold) compared to the control. The recombinant plasmid expressing the MAR sequence was digested into a linear space vector. The inserted MAR and NGF sequences were consistent with those inserted into the plasmid before recombination. Therefore, we concluded that the MAR characteristic element mediates vector adhesion to CHO cells and enhances the stability and efficiency of the target gene expression.
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Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Vectores Genéticos/genética , Regiones de Fijación a la Matriz , Factor de Crecimiento Nervioso/genética , Animales , Células CHO , Cricetulus , Orden Génico , Plásmidos/genéticaRESUMEN
We investigated the effects of different directions of insertion of matrix attachment region (MAR) sequences on transgenic expression in stably transformed Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The MAR sequences were inserted in forward or reverse directions into the expression vectors, and transfected into CHO cells. The expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene and the relative copy numbers of the CAT gene were analyzed. The CAT gene expression levels in the vector with the MAR sequence inserted in the forward or reverse directions increased compared with expression without the MAR sequence. The relative copy numbers of the CAT gene with MAR sequenced vectors inserted in the reverse and forward directions were lower, than in the control group. The direction of insertion of MAR sequences had no significant effect on expression levels. The expression levels were not proportional to the copy numbers of the gene.
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Cloranfenicol O-Acetiltransferasa/genética , ADN Intergénico/genética , Vectores Genéticos/química , Regiones de Fijación a la Matriz , Plásmidos/química , Animales , Células CHO , Línea Celular Transformada , Cloranfenicol O-Acetiltransferasa/metabolismo , Cricetulus , ADN Intergénico/metabolismo , Dosificación de Gen , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Genes Reporteros , Vectores Genéticos/metabolismo , Plásmidos/metabolismo , TransgenesRESUMEN
This study evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of using the bispectral index (BIS) to monitor anesthetic depth in patients with severe burns receiving intravenous target-controlled infusion (TCI) of remifentanil and propofol. We randomly assigned 80 patients undergoing elective escharectomy (<1 week) to BIS (A) and control (B) groups. All patients received remifentanil and propofol as intravenous TCI anesthesia. Clinical data were recorded at different time points. The time from drug withdrawal to eye opening upon the patient hearing his/her name called and upon reaching an Aldrete score of 9 points was also recorded. During anesthesia maintenance, the target concentrations of remifentanil and propofol in group A were significantly lower than that in group B (2.12 ± 0.35 vs 2.50 ± 0.21 ng/mL and 2.54 ± 0.22 vs 2.86 ± 0.31 µg/mL, respectively; P < 0.01). The time from drug withdrawal to eye opening upon the patient hearing his/her name called and reaching an Aldrete score of 9 points in group A was considerably shorter than that in group B (7.90 ± 0.58 vs 8.35 ± 0.66 min and 9.15 ± 0.69 vs 11.13 ± 0.96 min, respectively; P < 0.01). In both groups, mean arterial pressure and heart rate values at each time point after loss of consciousness were significantly lower than the baseline values (P < 0.05), with the exception of 2 min after intubation. The use of BIS to monitor anesthetic depth in patients with severe burns receiving TCI of remifentanil and propofol during the perioperative period reduces propofol consumption and shortens the consciousness recovery time in patients.
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Anestesia , Quemaduras/cirugía , Monitores de Conciencia , Piperidinas/farmacología , Propofol/farmacología , Adulto , Periodo de Recuperación de la Anestesia , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Frecuencia Cardíaca/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Infusiones Intravenosas , Masculino , Atención Perioperativa , Piperidinas/administración & dosificación , Propofol/administración & dosificación , Remifentanilo , Vigilia/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
In this study, we investigated the antidepressant effects of hippocampal neuron administration of ß-asarone, a selective mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 inhibitor, in a rat model of depression. Our previous studies showed that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression, which is regulated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase, are key links in the biological mechanism of depression. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) is a negative regulatory protein of extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathways. In this study, we explored the regulation of MKP-1 by ß-asarone in producing an antidepressant effect.
Asunto(s)
Acorus , Anisoles/farmacología , Antidepresivos/farmacología , Depresión/tratamiento farmacológico , Fosfatasa 1 de Especificidad Dual/antagonistas & inhibidores , Derivados de Alilbenceno , Animales , Depresión/genética , Depresión/metabolismo , Fosfatasa 1 de Especificidad Dual/genética , Expresión Génica , Masculino , Ratas , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of linker length on the expression and biological activity of recombinant protein onconase (ONC) in fusion with human serum albumin (HSA) in Pichia pastoris. Four flexible linkers with different lengths namely Linker L0, L1: (GGGGS)1, L2: (GGGGS)2, and L3:(GGGGS)3 were inserted into the fusion gene and referred to as HSA-n-ONC, where N = 0, 5, 10, or 15. The sequence of the fusion gene HSA-ONC was designed based on the GC content and codon bias in P. pastoris; the signal peptide of albumin was used as the secretion signal. Gene sequences coding for the fusion protein with different linkers were inserted into pPICZα-A to form recombinant plasmids pPICZα-A/HSA-n-ONC, which were then transformed into P. pastoris X-33 for protein expression. Ideal conditions for expression of the fusion proteins were optimized at a small scale, using shake flasks before proceeding to mass production in 10-L fermenters. The recombinant fusion proteins were purified by aqueous two-phase extraction coupled with DEAE anion exchange chromatography, and their cytotoxic effect on the tumor cell was evaluated by the sulforhodamine B assay. The results showed that the expressed amount of fusion proteins had no significant relationship with the length of different linkers and rHSA-0-ONC had no cytotoxic effect on the tumor cells. While rHSA-5-ONC and rHSA-10-ONC had a weak cytotoxic effect, rHSA-15-ONC could kill various tumor cells in vitro. In summary, the biological activity of the fusion protein gradually improved with increasing length of the linker.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Anfibias/genética , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Clonación Molecular/métodos , Pichia/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/genética , Ribonucleasas/genética , Proteínas Anfibias/biosíntesis , Proteínas Anfibias/farmacología , Animales , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/metabolismo , Técnicas de Cultivo Celular por Lotes , Reactores Biológicos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Extracción Líquido-Líquido , Pichia/metabolismo , Plásmidos/química , Plásmidos/metabolismo , Ingeniería de Proteínas , Señales de Clasificación de Proteína , Rana pipiens/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/biosíntesis , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/farmacología , Rodaminas/química , Ribonucleasas/biosíntesis , Ribonucleasas/farmacología , Albúmina Sérica/biosíntesis , Albúmina Sérica/genética , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Transformación GenéticaRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to explore methods by which the ERK signaling pathway inhibitor PD98059 (PD) could be used in long-term in vivo experiments. Forty healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into blank control, model control, PD low-dose, PD high-dose, PD blank, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control, DMSO blank, and positive control groups. The corresponding treatments were administered to each experimental group over the course of four weeks, after which, total ERK1/2 and ERK5 protein levels, protein phosphorylation, and gene expression were measured in myocardial tissues. Treatment of rabbits with Adriamycin (doxorubicin) resulted in the significant overall differences in ERK1/2 and ERK5 phosphorylation (P < 0.05). Compared with the model control group, changes in phosphorylated ERK1/2 and phosphorylated ERK5 were lowest in the PD high-dose group (P < 0.05). No significant differences in total protein and mRNA levels of myocardial ERK1/2 and ERK5 were detected between the groups after four weeks (P > 0.05). Continuous intravenous injection of PD98059 significantly reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and that of ERK5. In conclusion, Adriamycin-induced myocardiopathy and abnormal ERK signaling might constitute a valuable model foruse in long-term experiments. These methods may provide a theoretical basis for related in vivo studies of long duration.
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Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Flavonoides/farmacología , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/efectos de los fármacos , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/farmacología , Animales , Corazón/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Proteína Quinasa 3 Activada por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Proteína Quinasa 7 Activada por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Miocardio/metabolismo , Fosforilación , ConejosRESUMEN
Serum liver enzyme levels are often used effectively for the evaluation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to investigate the associations between serum liver enzyme levels and risks for NAFLD in over 8000 cases in a large-scale analysis. A cross-sectional survey with multiple stages and random samplings was performed from May 2007 to May 2009 on 8102 workers at Tongji University. A questionnaire was given, assessments of physical measurements, plasma glucose, lipid profiles, and liver enzymes were made, and real-time liver ultrasounds conducted. The prevalence of NAFLD in Tongji University was 22.2%. It was higher in males than in females (P = 0.0023). The body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, serum total triglycerides, serum total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) values were all higher in the NAFLD group than in the control group. For moderate and severe NAFLD patients, the ALT, AST and GGT values were significantly increased, high density lipoprotein cholesterol was decreased, and drinking much, heavy entertainment and less exercise were more prevalent (P < 0.001). There were strong correlations between serum liver enzyme levels and NAFLD (P < 0.001), with GGT being a more sensitive marker for NAFLD than ALT or AST. ALT and GGT were independent predictors for NAFLD, and GGT was a better predictor than ALT for NAFLD.
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Hígado/enzimología , Hígado/patología , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/enzimología , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/etiología , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Pruebas de Función Hepática , Masculino , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/diagnóstico , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
We investigated the clinical significance of RUNX3 gene expression in human pancreatic carcinoma. Five samples of pancreatic tissues and 30 samples of pancreatic cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues were collected. RUNX3 expression was detected by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. The relationships between clinicopathological findings and the expression of RUNX3 were analyzed. The relative quantification level of RUNX3 mRNA expression in human pancreatic carcinoma tissues and paracancerous tissues was 2.60 (0.42-12.82) and 1.02 (0.19-3.58), respectively (P < 0.05). The percentage of positive cells expressing RUNX3 protein in human pancreatic tissues and paracancerous tissues was 45.5 ± 26.2 and 6.9 ± 6.0%, respectively (P < 0.01). The high RUNX3 group (N = 9) with 45.5% or more of the cancer cells staining for RUNX3 and the low RUNX3 group (N = 21) with less than 45.5% cancer cells staining for RUNX3. Low expression of RUNX3 correlated significantly with an advanced TNM stage (χ(2) = 6.897, P = 0.045), lymph node metastasis (χ(2) = 4.739, P = 0.029) and neural invasion (χ(2) = 5.44, P = 0.020). On the other hand, no association could be found between RUNX3 expression and clinicopathological variables including age, gender, tumor location, tumor size, tumor differentiation or the serum concentration of CEA and CA199. The expression of RUNX3 in pancreatic cancer tissues was obviously higher than that in the paracancerous tissues. Low expression of RUNX3 may have an important role in aggressiveness, lymph node metastasis and neural invasion in pancreatic cancer. In pancreatic carcinoma tissues, low expression of RUNX3 may indicate a poor prognosis.
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Adenocarcinoma/genética , Subunidad alfa 3 del Factor de Unión al Sitio Principal/biosíntesis , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/genética , Pronóstico , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Subunidad alfa 3 del Factor de Unión al Sitio Principal/genética , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologíaRESUMEN
Lagerstroemia (crape myrtle) are famous ornamental plants with large pyramidal racemes, long flower duration, and diverse colors. However, little is known about the genetic structure and diversity of germplasm in Lagerstroemia. We genotyped 81 L. indica cultivars, five other species of Lagerstroemia, and 10 interspecific hybrids using 30 simple sequence repeat markers; 275 alleles were generated with a mean of nine alleles per locus. The mean polymorphism information content value, a measure of gene diversity, was 0.63, with a range from 0.25 to 0.86. The mean observed heterozygosity (0.51) tended to be lower than the mean expected heterozygosity (0.67). The mean F-statistics (F(ST), F(IS), and F(IT)) were 0.05, 0.20, and 0.24, respectively, indicating a high level of genetic variation among cultivars. Clustering analysis based on genetic distance divided the 96 genotypes into three distinct groups, which corresponded with their genetic backgrounds and geographic regions. L. indica cultivars and the other five L. species were grouped into different sub-clusters. Chinese and North American cultivars were divided into different clusters. These data about the genetic relationship among cultivars demonstrated the potential value of L. indica cultivars and other Lagerstroemia species for widening the genetic basis of breeding programs for this ornamental flower.
Asunto(s)
Variación Genética , Lagerstroemia/genética , Repeticiones de Microsatélite/genética , Alelos , Análisis por Conglomerados , Sitios Genéticos/genética , Marcadores Genéticos , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 metabolizes arachidonic acid to biologically active epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, which significantly promote proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We looked for a possible association between human CYP2C19*3 gene polymorphism and breast cancer in the Chinese Han population. In a Chinese Han case-control study of breast cancer patients (N = 600) and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (N = 600), we investigated polymorphism in the CYP2C19 gene by PCR-RFLP analysis. The CYP2C19*3 AG + AA genotype was significantly more prevalent in breast cancer patients than in control subjects (6.67 vs 3.00%; P = 0.003). The odds ratio for carriers of AG + AA genotype for breast cancer was 2.31 (95% confidence interval = 1.27-4.43). Among patients, estrogen receptor, tumor size, histologic grade, presence of primary lymphonode metastases, progesterone receptor positivity, and age at diagnosis were not found to be significantly associated with CYP2C19*3 genotypes (all P > 0.05). We conclude that the CYP2C19*3 gene polymorphism is associated with breast cancer risk in Chinese Han women.