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Ischemic heart disease or stroke caused by the rupture or dislodgement of a carotid plaque poses a huge risk to human health. To obtain accurate information on the carotid plaque characteristics of patients and to assist clinicians in the determination and identification of atherosclerotic areas, which is one significant foundation work. Existing work in this field has not deliberately extracted texture information of carotid from the ultrasound images. However, texture information is a very important part of carotid ultrasound images. To make full use of the texture information in carotid ultrasound images, a novel network based on U-Net called Contrast U-Net is designed in this paper. First, the proposed network mainly relies on a contrast block to extract accurate texture information. Moreover, to make the network better learn the texture information of each channel, the squeeze-and-excitation block is introduced to assist in the jump connection from encoding to decoding. Experimental results from intravascular ultrasound image datasets show that the proposed network can achieve superior performance compared with other popular models in carotid plaque detection.

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Major surgical treatment for distal gastric cancer include Billroth I (BI), Billroth II (BII), and Roux-en-Y (RY). Since the optimal reconstruction methods remains inconclusive, we aimed to compare these treatments in terms of intraoperative and postoperative course after distal gastrectomy with a systematic review and random-effects network meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Ovid's database for prospective, randomized, controlled trials comparing the outcomes of BI, BII, and RY reconstruction after distal gastrectomy until January 2020. From the included studies, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, endoscopic findings and complications were extracted as the short- and long-term outcomes of reconstructions. The network meta-analysis was performed with R 3.5.2 software as well as “gemtc” and “forestplot” packages. Twelve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1662 patients were included. RY reconstruction has a lower risk and degree of remnant gastritis than BI and BII reconstructions(OR 0.40, 95%Crl: 0.24–0.64; OR 0.36, 95% Crl: 0.16–0.83, respectively). BI reconstruction method took significantly less time to perform as compared to BII and RY reconstruction (WMD 20, 95% Crl: 0.18–41; WMD 30, 95% Crl: 14–25, respectively). No differences in intraoperative blood loss, time to resumed oral intake, postoperative hospital stay, reflux oesophagitis and complications among the three reconstructions. The RY reconstruction after distal gastrectomy was more effective in preventing remnant gastritis than Billroth I and Billroth II reconstruction, although RY reconstruction was considered as technical complexity. (AU)

El tratamiento quirúrgico principal para el cáncer gástrico distal incluye Billroth I (BI), Billroth II (BII) y Roux-en-Y (RY). Dado que los métodos de reconstrucción óptimos no son concluyentes, nuestro objetivo fue comparar estos tratamientos en términos de curso intraoperatorio y postoperatorio después de la gastrectomía distal con una revisión sistemática y un metaanálisis de red de efectos aleatorios. Se realizaron búsquedas en PubMed, Web of Knowledge, la base de datos de Ovid para ensayos prospectivos, aleatorizados y controlados que comparan los resultados de la reconstrucción de BI, BII y RY después de la gastrectomía distal hasta enero de 2020. De los estudios incluidos, tiempo operatorio, pérdida de sangre intraoperatoria, postoperatorio la estancia hospitalaria, los hallazgos endoscópicos y las complicaciones se extrajeron como resultados a corto y largo plazo de las reconstrucciones. El metaanálisis de red se realizó con el software R 3.5.2, así como con los paquetes «gemtc» y «forestplot». se incluyeron 12 ensayos controlados aleatorios (ECA) con 1.662 pacientes. La reconstrucción RY tiene un menor riesgo y grado de gastritis remanente que las reconstrucciones BI y BII (OR: 0,40; 95% Crl: 0,24-0,64; OR: 0,36; 95% Crl: 0,16-0,83, respectivamente). El método de reconstrucción BI tardó significativamente menos tiempo en realizarse en comparación con la reconstrucción BII y RY (WMD 20; 95% Crl: 0,18-41; WMD 30; 95% Crl: 14-25, respectivamente). No hay diferencias en la pérdida de sangre intraoperatoria, el tiempo para reanudar la ingesta oral, la estancia hospitalaria postoperatoria, la esofagitis por reflujo y las complicaciones entre las 3 reconstrucciones. La reconstrucción RY después de la gastrectomía distal fue más efectiva para prevenir la gastritis remanente que la reconstrucción BI y BII, aunque la reconstrucción RY se consideró de mayor complejidad técnica. (AU)

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Major surgical treatment for distal gastric cancer include Billroth I (BI), Billroth II (BII), and Roux-en-Y (RY). Since the optimal reconstruction methods remains inconclusive, we aimed to compare these treatments in terms of intraoperative and postoperative course after distal gastrectomy with a systematic review and random-effects network meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Ovid's database for prospective, randomized, controlled trials comparing the outcomes of BI, BII, and RY reconstruction after distal gastrectomy until January 2020. From the included studies, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, endoscopic findings and complications were extracted as the short- and long-term outcomes of reconstructions. The network meta-analysis was performed with R 3.5.2 software as well as "gemtc" and "forestplot" packages. Twelve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1662 patients were included. RY reconstruction has a lower risk and degree of remnant gastritis than BI and BII reconstructions(OR 0.40, 95%Crl: 0.24-0.64; OR 0.36, 95% Crl: 0.16-0.83, respectively). BI reconstruction method took significantly less time to perform as compared to BII and RY reconstruction (WMD 20, 95% Crl: 0.18-41; WMD 30, 95% Crl: 14-25, respectively). No differences in intraoperative blood loss, time to resumed oral intake, postoperative hospital stay, reflux oesophagitis and complications among the three reconstructions. The RY reconstruction after distal gastrectomy was more effective in preventing remnant gastritis than Billroth I and Billroth II reconstruction, although RY reconstruction was considered as technical complexity.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the effect of different concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on proliferation and apoptosis in HepG2 cell lines, and to research the possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS: DHA concentration was 0 g/mL in the negative control group, and 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 ug/mL, respectively, in the experimental groups. CCK-8 and flow cytometry methods were used to observe the growth inhibition and apoptosis rates of HepG2 cells cultured in vitro, which were treated with different concentrations of DHA. The level of ß-catenin and c-myc mRNA and protein were measured by real-time PCR and western blot, respectively. RESULTS: In the concentration range of 0-45 ug/mL, the action time was 24 hours. DHA could inhibit the growth of HepG2 cells, and there were significant differences between the experimental and control groups (P<0.01). The same was observed in each of the two groups in experimental groups. As drug concentration or action time increased, results revealed no statistical differences. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis indicated that DHA could promote HepG2 cell apoptosis; and the apoptosis rate was greatly different between the experimental and control groups (P<0.01). The same was observed in each of the two groups in the experimental groups. Real-time PCR could detect low c-myc expression in HepG2 cells disposed by DHA, and c-myc expression was significantly different between the experimental and control groups (P<0.01). The same was observed in each of the two groups in the experimental groups. There was no obvious difference in ß-catenin expression between the experimental and control groups, and the experimental groups were all identical. Western blot demonstrated that DHA could decrease ß-catenin and c-myc protein expression in HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION: DHA could promote apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells. The possible mechanism was related with the down-regulated protein expression of ß-catenin and the mRNA expression of c-myc.

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High performance rechargeable batteries are urgently demanded for future energy storage systems. Here, we adopted a lithium-carbon battery configuration. Instead of using carbon materials as the surface provider for lithium-ion adsorption and desorption, we realized induced fluorination of carbon nanotube array (CNTA) paper cathodes, with the source of fluoride ions from electrolytes, by an in-situ electrochemical induction process. The induced fluorination of CNTA papers activated the reversible fluorination/defluorination reactions and lithium-ion storage/release at the CNTA paper cathodes, resulting in a dual-storage mechanism. The rechargeable battery with this dual-storage mechanism demonstrated a maximum discharging capacity of 2174 mAh (gcarbon)(-1) and a specific energy of 4113 Wh kg(carbon)(-1) with good cycling performance.

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The Laplacian spectra are the eigenvalues of Laplacian matrix L(G) = D(G) - A(G), where D(G) and A(G) are the diagonal matrix of vertex degrees and the adjacency matrix of a graph G, respectively, and the spectral radius of a graph G is the largest eigenvalue of A(G). The spectra of the graph and corresponding eigenvalues are closely linked to the molecular stability and related chemical properties. In quantum chemistry, spectral radius of a graph is the maximum energy level of molecules. Therefore, good upper bounds for the spectral radius are conducive to evaluate the energy of molecules. In this paper, we first give several sharp upper bounds on the adjacency spectral radius in terms of some invariants of graphs, such as the vertex degree, the average 2-degree, and the number of the triangles. Then, we give some numerical examples which indicate that the results are better than the mentioned upper bounds in some sense. Finally, an upper bound of the Nordhaus-Gaddum type is obtained for the sum of Laplacian spectral radius of a connected graph and its complement. Moreover, some examples are applied to illustrate that our result is valuable.

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