RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as potential blood-based biomarkers involved in various types of carcinogenesis, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present study, microarray was used to screen 2,549 miRNAs in serum samples from seven patients with LUAD and seven from healthy controls. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the expression of miRNA in serum samples from 30 patients with LUAD and 30 heathy individuals. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was determined to evaluate the diagnostic capability of miR-625-3p. Cell counting kit-8 assay and Transwell assays were used to explore cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Bioinformatics prediction was applied in the search for the target genes of miR-625-3p. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot and dual luciferase assay were used to validate target genes of miR-625-3p. A xenograft tumor model was established to evaluate cell proliferation in vivo. RESULTS: miR-625-3p was the miRNA most highly expressed in serum samples from patients with LUAD according to microarray analysis, this finding was verified in sera from an independent cohort, as well as in tissues based on The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Serum miR-625-3p provided a high diagnostic accuracy for LUAD (area under the curve=0.790, 95% confidence interval=0.6640-0.9152). Functionally, miR-625-3p promoted LUAD cell proliferation, migration and invasion both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, we found miR-625-3p promoted cell proliferation and metastasis of LUAD by directly targeting KLF transcription factor 9 (Kruppel-like factor 9, KLF9). CONCLUSION: Our study identified that miR-625-3p plays an oncogenic role in LUAD, targeting KLF9. miR-625-3p might be a potential novel diagnostic biomarker and target for LUAD therapy.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Delay in diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is an important but under-appreciated problem. Our study aimed to analyse the patient pathway and possible risk factors of long diagnostic delay (LDD). METHODS: We enrolled 400 new bacteriologically diagnosed patients with pulmonary TB from 20 hospitals across China. LDD was defined as an interval between the initial care visit and the confirmation of diagnosis exceeding 14 days. Its potential risk factors were investigated by multivariate logistic regression and multilevel logistic regression. Hospitals in China were classified by increasing size, from level 0 to level 3. TB laboratory equipment in hospitals was also evaluated. RESULTS: The median diagnostic delay was 20 days (IQR: 7-72 days), and 229 of 400 patients (57.3%, 95%CI 52.4-62.1) had LDD; 15% of participants were diagnosed at the initial care visit. Compared to level 0 facilities, choosing level 2 (OR 0.27, 95%CI 0.12-0.62, p 0.002) and level 3 facilities (OR 0.34, 95%CI 0.14-0.84, p 0.019) for the initial care visit was independently associated with shorter LDD. Equipping with smear, culture, and Xpert at initial care visit simultaneously also helped to avoid LDD (OR 0.28, 95%CI 0.09-0.82, p 0.020). The multilevel logistic regression yielded similar results. Availability of smear, culture, and Xpert was lower in level 0-1 facilities than in level 2-3 facilities (p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Most patients failed to be diagnosed at the initial care visit. Patients who went to low-level facilities initially had a higher risk of LDD. Improvement of TB laboratory equipment, especially at low-level facilities, is urgently needed.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

We present detailed measurement results of optical attenuation's thermal coefficients (referenced to the temperature of the skin surface) in different depth regions of in vivo human forearm skins using optical coherence tomography (OCT). We first design a temperature control module with an integrated optical probe to precisely control the surface temperature of a section of human skin. We propose a method of using the correlation map to identify regions in the skin having strong correlations with the surface temperature of the skin and find that the attenuation coefficient in these regions closely follows the variation of the surface temperature without any hysteresis. We observe a negative thermal coefficient of attenuation in the epidermis. While in dermis, the slope signs of the thermal coefficient of attenuation are different at different depth regions for a particular subject, however, the depth regions with a positive (or negative) slope are different in different subjects. We further find that the magnitude of the thermal coefficient of attenuation coefficient is greater in epidermis than in dermis. We believe the knowledge of such thermal properties of skins is important for several noninvasive diagnostic applications, such as OCT glucose monitoring, and the method demonstrated in this paper is effective in studying the optical and biological properties in different regions of skin.

RESUMEN

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide, occurs at a relatively high frequency in China. To investigate whether common excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair group 2 (ERCC2) variants (rs3916874 G>C, rs238415 C>G, rs1618536 G>A, rs1799793 G>A, and rsl3181 A>C) were associated with ESCC risk, a case-control study was conducted, including 405 cases with ESCC and 405 age and sex 1:1 matched cancer-free controls. The result showed that rsl3181 AC/CC genotypes was associated with an increased risk of ESCC (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.05-2.00), and two ERCC2 haplotypes Grs3916874Crs238415Grs1618536Grs1799793Crsl3181 (Hap5) and Grs3916874Grs238415Ars1618536Grs1799793Crsl3181 (Hap7) were associated with increased risk of ESCC (OR: 2.16, 95 % CI: 1.27-3.57 for Hap5 and OR: 3.72; 95 % CI: 1.89-6.63 for Hap7, respectively), while Grs3916874Grs238415Grs1618536Grs1799793Arsl3181 (Hap4) was associated with decreased risk of ESCC (OR: 0.47, 95% CI: 0.35-0.71). Gene-environment interaction analysis by multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) software showed that there was an interaction among rs238415, rs1618536, and family history of cancer with a P value under 0.0001 (OR: 3.23: 95% CI: 2.37-4.40). These results suggested that genetic variations in the ERCC2 gene were associated with risk of ESCC, and there was a significant interaction between gene polymorphisms and family history of cancer in the etiology of ESCC.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of genetic polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B) and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH-2) with risk of esophageal cancer (EC) in China. METHODS: A comprehensive search of the database was performed to identify all case-control studies of ADH1B and ALDH-2 polymorphisms associated with esophageal cancer and their interactions with alcohol drinking. Meta-analysis was carried out for calculation of pooled OR value and its corresponding 95% CI. RESULTS: The ADH1B * 1 and ALDH-2 * 2 allele were found to be associated to increased risk of EC, with odds ratios (OR) being 1. 24 (95% CI 1.10-1.41) and 3.05 (95% CI 1.94-4.77) for the ADH1B * 1/* 2 and ADH1B * 1/*1, and 1.6 (95% CI 1.01-2.03) and 0.77 (95% CI 0.28-2.09) for the ALDH-2 * 1/* 2 and ALDH-2 * 2/* 2 respectively. When compared with the ADH1B * 2/* 2 genotype in drinkers, the ADH1B * 1/* 2 + * 2/* 2 can increase risk of EC (OR = 3.13, 95% CI 2.17-4.51). ALDH-2 * 1/* 2 + * 2/* 2 showed an increased risk to EC among drinks compared with the ALDH-2 * 1/* 1 genotype (OR = 4.12, 95% CI 1.98-8.56). CONCLUSION: ADH1B * 1 and ALDH-2 * 2 allele can increase the risk of EC in china, which can be modified by alcohol consumption.

Asunto(s)