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The prognosis of patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is dismal even after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), with relapse remaining the leading cause of treatment failure. Here, we investigated whether ruxolitinib and decitabine plus modified busulfan-cyclophosphamide (mBu/Cy) conditioning could reduce relapse in high-risk AML after allo-HSCT. This prospective, single-arm, phase II trial enrolled 37 patients who received allo-HSCT between September 2020 and March 2022 at the First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital. Eligible patients (10-62 years) had relapsed/refractory, positive measurable residual disease (MRD) prior to conditioning or adverse genetic abnormalities. Ruxolitinib (35 mg twice daily, days - 15 to - 10) and decitabine (20 mg/m2/day, days - 15 to - 10) were administered followed by mBu/Cy conditioning. All patients achieved engraftment. The cumulative incidences (CIs) of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) grades II-IV and III-IV were 35.0% and 10.5%, respectively. The 1-year cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 8.1%. The 1-year CI of relapse was 29.7% among all patients, 0% in patients who achieved the first complete remission (CR1) prior to conditioning, and 0% in those with MRD-negative prior to conditioning. The 1-year non-relapse mortality was 5.4%. The 1-year probabilities of overall survival, disease-free survival, and GVHD-free relapse-free survival were 70.3%, 62.2%, and 54.1%, respectively. In conclusion, the novel conditioning showed primary efficacy in terms of a reduction in relapse in high-risk patients with AML after allo-HSCT, especially in those who achieved CR1 and MRD-negative prior to conditioning. Also, the new conditioning regimen may help reduce the incidence of chronic GVHD. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04582604.
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Asarum sieboldii Miq. is an important medicinal plant valued for its diverse health benefits in the pharmaceutical industry. In the present study, we isolated and characterized isoeugenol synthase from A. sieboldii (AsIGS), an essential enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of volatile phenylpropenes. We hoped to elucidate the secondary metabolic network of eugenol in A. sieboldii plants, which constructed the prerequisite for quality improvement of the well-known TCM Asari Radix et Rhizoma. Bioinformatics analysis revealed high similarity between the DNA sequences of AsIGS and isoeugenol synthase genes from other plants, and that the association of the candidate protein AsIGS with the PIP reductase family. Moreover, the AsIGS protein displayed a molecular weight of about 34.96 kDa, with a theoretical isoelectric point of 6.01 and an average hydrophobicity of -0.092, indicating the protein's partial acidity, stability, and hydrophilic nature. Phylogenetic analysis showed that AsIGS had a close relationship with isoeugenol synthases and fewer eugenol synthases found in other species. Alphafold2 predicted the structure of the AsIGS protein, and CB-Dock2 predicted the binding sites of the ASIGS-NADPH-coniferyl acetate ternary complex. In vitro enzymatic assay results demonstrated that the optimal temperature of the AsIGS-involved catalysis for coniferyl acetate was 30 °C, and several kinetics parameters were Km (12.21 mM), Vmax (27.9 U/mg), kcat (76.26 s-1), and kcat/Km (6.49 s-1·mM-1). Furthermore, it was also determined that the AsIGS protein had varying performance at different pH levels. While the candidate protein converted coniferyl acetate into both isoeugenol and eugenol at pH 5.5, it just catalyzed the production of isoeugenol at pH 6.5. However, isoeugenol has never been detected in A. sieboldii. Altering AsIGS expression in transgenic plants impacted only eugenol contents. Compared with wild type, overexpression of AsIGS increased eugenol content by 23.3 %, while RNAi-induced down-regulation of AsIGS decreased it by 25.3 %. Taken together, these results confirmed that the AsIGS gene was involved in the biosynthesis of eugenol in A. sieboldii with a dual catalytic potential.
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BACKGROUND: Female vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of the vulva and its etiology is unknown. The main clinical symptoms are itching, burning and dyspareunia, and there is a lack of effective treatment. METHODS: Clinical and follow-up data of women with VLS who underwent 5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) from January 2023 to December 2023 in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, were retrospectively analyzed. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 36 patients with VLS who received ineffective conventional treatment (intractable VLS) were enrolled. Objective signs and subjective symptoms of vulvar lesions were recorded before treatment and 6 months after the end of treatment according to corresponding scoring criteria. Quality of life was evaluated using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). RESULTS: All patients received six sessions of ALA-PDT treatment and follow-up visits. After ALA-PDT treatment, 24 of 36 (66.67%) patients' itching symptoms completely disappeared, 10 of 36 (27.78%) patients' itching symptoms were relieved from severe to mild, and only 2 of 36 (5.56%) patients' symptoms were not significantly relieved. 16 of 36 (44.4%) patients' itching symptoms completely disappeared, 9 of 36 (25%) patients' itching symptoms were relieved from severe to mild, and only 2 of 36 (5.56%) patients still had severe pain. Compared to 22 patients with dyspareunia before treatment, only 9 patients still had dyspareunia with varying degrees of dyspareunia relief after treatment. Clinical signs improved significantly in the patients after ALA-PDT treatment. The total scores of clinical signs were (5.31±1.67 vs 3.67±1.71) before and after treatment. All patients showed improvement in DLQI after treatment. The main side effects of ALA-PDT were pain, erythema and swelling which were transient and tolerable. All patients were "satisfied" or "very satisfied" with the results of the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: ALA-PDT is a safe and effective treatment for women with intractable vulva lichen sclerosus.
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BACKGROUND: At present, preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in China present higher mortality and morbidity rates than those in high-income countries. The aim of this nationwide survey was to assess the clinical management of RDS in China. METHODS: A nationwide cross-sectional survey to assess adherence to RDS management recommendations was performed. One neonatologist per hospital was randomly selected. The primary outcome was the key care of RDS management. RESULTS: Among the 394 participating hospitals, 88·3% were birthing centres. The number of doctors and nurses per bed were 0·27 and 0·72, respectively. Antenatal corticosteroids (any dose) were administered to 90% of the women at risk of preterm birth at < 34 weeks of gestation (90·0% inborn vs. 50·0% outborn, p < 0·001). The median fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) for initial resuscitation was 0·30 for babies born at ≤ 32 weeks of gestation and 0·25 for those born at > 32 weeks. T-piece resuscitators were available in 77·8% of delivery rooms (DRs) (tertiary hospitals: 82·5% vs. secondary hospitals: 63·0%, p < 0·001). Surfactant was used in 51·6% of the DRs. Less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) was used in 49·7% of the hospitals (tertiary hospitals: 55·3% vs. secondary hospitals: 31·5%, p < 0·001). Primary non-invasive ventilation was initiated in approximately 80·0% of the patients. High-frequency oscillation ventilation was primarily reserved for rescue after conventional mechanical ventilation (MV) failure. Caffeine was routinely used during MV in 59·1% of the hospitals. Bedside lung ultrasonography was performed in 54·3% of the health facilities (tertiary hospitals: 61·6% vs. secondary hospitals: 30·4%, p < 0·001). Qualified breast milk banks and Family Integrated Care (FICare) were present in 30·2% and 63·7% of the hospitals, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Significant disparities in resource availability and guidelines adherence were evident across hospitals. Future strategies should address DR facilities and medication access, technical training, staff allocation, and ancillary facility development for a better management of RDS patients in China.
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Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria del Recién Nacido , Humanos , Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria del Recién Nacido/terapia , Recién Nacido , Estudios Transversales , China/epidemiología , Femenino , Masculino , Surfactantes Pulmonares/uso terapéutico , Surfactantes Pulmonares/administración & dosificación , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Respiración ArtificialRESUMEN
Parent-carers of children with rare diseases, including osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), represent a vulnerable and largely invisible population. Despite existing research on familial OI caregiving, the unique experiences, perspectives, and feelings of parent-carers remain poorly understood, prompting this study to delve into these aspects through the subjective lens of voices. The aim of this study was to explore the voices of parent-carers in navigating the complexities of pediatric OI care. Employing a narrative design informed by social constructionism, 15 parent-carers of pediatric OI patients were purposively sampled from a tertiary hospital in Shandong Province, China, between May and August 2021. Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted, and data were analyzed using the voice-centered relational approach followed by thematic analysis. Parent-carers' narratives revealed two overarching themes. The first theme, "the all-encompassing caregiver role," highlighted the profound internal transformation parent-carers underwent, with three key aspects of experiences: "the centrality of care," "life on hold," and "guarded silence." The second theme, "navigating ambivalence," captured the complex psycho-emotional journey of parent-carers as they balanced denial and acceptance, experienced the burden and responsibility of caregiving, navigated uncertainty with hope, and sought to normalize the care recipients' experiences while acknowledging their unique needs. Our findings suggest the need for developing tailored support strategies that address not only practical challenges but also the psychosocial dimensions of caregiving, to effectively assist and empower this marginalized carer population.
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Carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction (CO2RR) into high-value-added chemicals offers an alternative pathway toward achieving carbon neutrality. However, in conventional neutral or alkaline electrolyte systems, a significant portion of CO2 is converted into (bi)carbonate due to the thermodynamically favorable acid-base neutralization reaction between CO2 and hydroxide ions. This results in the single-pass carbon efficiency (SPCE) being theoretically capped at 50%, presenting challenges for practical applications. Acidic CO2RR can completely circumvent the carbonate issue and theoretically achieve 100% SPCE, garnering substantial attention from researchers in recent years. Nevertheless, acidic CO2RR currently lags behind traditional neutral/alkaline systems in terms of product selectivity, stability, and energy efficiency, primarily because the abundance of H+ ions exacerbates the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Encouragingly, significant breakthroughs have been made to address these challenges, with numerous studies indicating that the regulation of the local catalytic environment may be more crucial than the catalyst itself. In this review, we will discuss the main challenges and latest strategies for acidic CO2RR, focusing on three key aspects beyond the catalyst: electrolyte regulation, local catalytic environment modification, and novel designs of gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs)/electrolyzers. We will also conclude the current advancement for acidic CO2RR and provide an outlook, with the hope that this technology will contribute to achieving carbon neutrality and advance towards practical application.
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RATIONALE: Anesthetics are widely used for optimizing surgical conditions, postoperative pain management, and treating various chronic pain conditions. Tetracaine and decamethonium are representative drugs of local anesthetics and neuromuscular blocking agents, respectively. However, overdose and toxicity of the drugs always lead to serious adverse events. Thus, there is a strong demand for effective antidotes. METHODS: The binding interactions of amide naphthotubes with tetracaine and decamethonium were systematically studied using 1H NMR, ITC, and DFT calculations. The antidotal effects of amide naphthotube to tetracaine toxicity were assessed in vitro and in vivo, and the mechanism of detoxification was explored at a cellular level. Additionally, mouse models were established to evaluate the reversal activities of amide naphthotube on decamethonium-induced mortality and muscle relaxation, and the reversal mechanism was investigated through pharmacokinetic experiments. RESULTS: We have demonstrated that the anti-isomer of amide naphthotube exhibits significant binding affinities towards tetracaine (K a = 1.89×107 M-1) and decamethonium (K a = 1.01×107 M-1) in water. The host displayed good biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo. The administration of amide naphthotube following tetracaine overdose in mouse models notably increased the overall survival rate, indicating its effective antidotal properties. The host could reverse the tetracaine-induced Na+ channels blockage at the cellular level. Moreover, the injection of amide naphthotube also reversed the mortality and paralysis induced by decamethonium in mouse models following a pharmacokinetic mechanism. CONCLUSION: An emerging artificial receptor, amide naphthotube, has strong binding affinities towards tetracaine and decamethonium. It functions as a supramolecular antidote for tetracaine poisoning and a reversal agent for decamethonium by selectively sequestering these compounds in vivo.
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Antídotos , Tetracaína , Animales , Tetracaína/farmacología , Tetracaína/química , Ratones , Antídotos/farmacología , Antídotos/química , Amidas/química , Amidas/farmacología , Masculino , Anestésicos Locales/farmacología , Anestésicos Locales/química , Humanos , Bloqueantes Neuromusculares/química , Bloqueantes Neuromusculares/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The annual number of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HCT) is increasing steadily. Comparative studies about haplo-HCT versus HCT with HLA-matched sibling donors (MSD-HCT) have been tried in acute myeloid leukemia and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL). Few studies were reported in adult T-cell ALL (T-ALL). In this retrospective study, a total of 88 consecutive patients with T-ALL were enrolled who underwent MSD-HCT (n = 24) and haplo-HCT (n = 64) with antithymocyte globulin (ATG)-based graft versus host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis between 2010 and 2022. Median follow-up for survivors was similar (43.5 [range: 7-88] months for MSD-HCT versus 43.5 (range: 6-144) months in the Haplo-HCT group). The 100-day cumulative incidence of grade II to IV acute GVHD (aGVHD) was similar, 33% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16%-52%) after MSD-HCT versus 44% (95% CI, 31%-55%) after haplo-HCT, P = 0.52. The cumulative incidences of grade III-IV aGVHD were 8% (95% CI, 1%-23%) in the MSD-HCT group and 5% (95% CI, 1%-12%) in the haplo-HCT group (P = 0.50). The 2-year cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD (limited and extensive) in the haplo-HCT, 11% (95% CI, 5%-20%) was significantly lower than that in the MSD-HCT group (42% [95% CI, 21%-62%], P = 0.002). The cumulative incidence of 4-year relapse rates (44% versus 37%, P = 0.56) and non-relapse mortality (7% versus 21%, P = 0.08) did not differ between these two groups. There were also no differences in 4-year overall survival (46% versus 47%, P = 0.44) and progression-free survival (49% versus 42%, P = 0.45) between these two groups. On multivariate analysis, using busulfan/fludarabine (BU/Flu) conditioning regimen was found to be associated with worse clinical outcome. Our results suggested that ATG-based haplo-HCT platform could work as an alternative to MSD-HCT for adult patients with T-ALL. Compared with MSD-HCT, haplo-HCT might carry a low risk for cGVHD.
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Suero Antilinfocítico , Enfermedad Injerto contra Huésped , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Hermanos , Humanos , Adulto , Femenino , Masculino , Suero Antilinfocítico/uso terapéutico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/métodos , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/efectos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Estudios Retrospectivos , Trasplante Haploidéntico/métodos , Acondicionamiento Pretrasplante/métodos , Trasplante Homólogo/métodos , Enfermedad CrónicaRESUMEN
We propose a new scene-aware foveated rendering method, which incorporates the scene awareness and characteristics of the human visual system into the mapping-based foveated rendering framework. First, we generate the conservative visual importance map that encodes the visual features of the scene, visual acuity, and gaze motion. Second, we construct the pixel size control map using a convolution kernel method. Third, we utilize the pixel size control map to guide the foveated rendering. At last, a temporal coherent refinement strategy is used to maintain the smooth foveated rendering for the adjacent frames. Compared to the state-of-the-art mapping-based foveated rendering methods using the same compression ratio, our method achieves smaller MSE, higher PSNR, and SSIM in the fovea, periphery, salient regions, and the whole image. We also conducted user studies, and the results proved that the perceptual quality of our method has a high visual similarity with the ground truth rendered with the full resolution.
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Chrysanthemum morifolium '11-C-2' is a variety of chrysanthemums with high ornamental and tea value, experiencing significant market demand. However, as cultivation areas expand, issues such as viral infection, germplasm degradation, low proliferation coefficient, and slow proliferation rate arise, necessitating the establishment of an efficient in vitro regeneration system. This study, based on the principles of orthogonal experimental design, explored the regeneration system of Chrysanthemum cultivar '11-C-2' using sterile seedlings. The research focused on three key stages: adventitious bud differentiation, rooting culture, and acclimatization-transplantation, employing shoot-bearing stem segments and leaves as explants. The findings indicate that the optimal explant for the Chrysanthemum '11-C-2' sterile seedlings is the shoot-bearing stem segment. The best medium for adventitious bud differentiation was determined to be MS supplemented with 1.5 mg/L 6-BA and 0.5 mg/L NAA. Bud differentiation began on day 17 with a 100% differentiation rate, completing around day 48. The maximum differentiation coefficient reached 87, with an average of 26.67. The adventitious buds were then cultured for rooting in the optimal medium of 1/2 MS supplemented with 0.1 mg/L NAA. Rooting was initiated on day 4 and was completed by day 14, achieving a rooting rate of 97.62%. After a 5-day acclimatization under natural light, the rooted seedlings were transplanted into a growth substrate with a peat-to-vermiculite ratio of 1:2. The plants exhibited optimal growth, with a transplantation survival rate of 100%. The findings provide data support for the efficient large-scale propagation of '11-C-2' and lay the foundation for germplasm preservation and genetic transformation research of tea chrysanthemums.
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Conventional anti-angiogenesis drugs are usually unsatisfactory in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. Therefore, it is urgent to find new precise therapeutic targets and to further develop more effective drugs for the treatment of HCC. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is different from classic endothelium-dependent angiogenesis and is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with malignant tumor. However, the mechanism underlying VM is complex and not fully defined. Ig-like transcript (ILT)-4, as a negative regulator of immune response, was recently found to be expressed in many solid tumors. However, whether and how ILT4 regulates VM remains unclear. This study found VM enriched in HCC tissues, especially in tissues from patients with relapse within 5 years after surgery. Similarly, ILT4 expression level was also higher in HCC tissues from patients with relapse within 5 years after surgery. Linear regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between the expression of ILT4 and VM density. Furthermore, Overexpression/knockdown of ILT4 expression upregulated/down-regulated VM-related marker, three-dimensional tube formation, and migration and invasion in HCC cell lines in vitro. In mechanistic studies, ILT4 promoted VM formation via MAPK/ERK signaling. This study provides a rationale and mechanism for ILT4-mediated postoperative relapse via inducing VM in HCC. The related molecular pathways can be used as novel therapeutic targets for the inhibition of HCC angiogenesis and postoperative relapse.
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INTRODUCTION: Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is one of the most severe complications of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furmonertinib is a pan-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with a high rate of brain penetration and a wide therapeutic window. Here, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of high-dose furmonertinib in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC and LM. METHODS: This prospective real-world study included patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC and LM treated with a high-dose furmonertinib (240 mg once daily) as a monotherapy or in combination with other treatments. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints included time to treatment discontinuation (TTD) and clinical response rate. Additional efficacy evaluations included changes in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by the RANO-LM radiologic criteria. We also introduced next generation sequencing (NGS)-based assays to evaluate genomic and epigenomic features of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in patients' cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples and to analyze their associations with patient outcomes. RESULTS: We enrolled 48 patients, of whom 35 (72.9%) had received third-generation EGFR-TKIs. The median OS was 8.43 months (95%CI, 5.48 to 11.39 months), while the median TTD was 8.27 months (95%CI, 5.40 to 11.14 months), and the clinical response rate was 75%. The LM objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) assessed with RANO-LM radiologic criteria were 50.0% and 92.1%, respectively. The adverse event profiles were consistent with previous reports of furmonertinib. Briefly, 22 (45.8%) had adverse events (AEs) possibly related to furmonertinib and three (6.3%) had a grade 3-elevated aminotransaminase or nausea or leucopenia, leading to dose reduction to 160 mg daily. Furthermore, methylation analysis of cfDNA in CSF showed that there was a significant correlation between the changes of aberrant methylated fragments (AMFs) from lung cancer cells and the response of the patients. Meanwhile, the copy number burden (CNB) scores derived from the low-pass whole genome sequencing (LP-WGS) assay may offer another objective and effective method for the diagnosis and evaluation of treatment efficacy in LM. CONCLUSION: In the real world, the high-dose furmonertinib-based treatment may potentially have clinical efficacy and tolerable safety in patients of EGFR-mutated NSCLC with LM, even in patients previously treated with other third-generation EGFR-TKIs. Methylation and CNB analysis of cfDNA in CSF may be considered objective indicators for the diagnosis of LM and evaluation of treatment response.
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CONTEXT: Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death characterised by iron overload and lipid peroxidation. It is closely associated with many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, tumours, and neurological diseases. The use of natural chemicals to modulate ferroptosis is of great concern because of the critical role ferroptosis plays in disease. The main active ingredient in green tea is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which is the most abundant catechin in green tea. EGCG shows a wide range of biological and therapeutic effects in various diseases, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and cardioprotective. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to summarise the existing information on the relationship between EGCG and ferroptosis. METHODS: Articles related to EGCG and ferroptosis were searched in PubMed and Web of Science databases, and the literature was analysed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: EGCG could improve ferroptosis-related diseases and affect the development of ferroptosis by regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, autophagy, microRNA, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, and protein kinase D1 signalling pathways.
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Neural radiance fields (NeRF) has achieved revolutionary breakthrough in the novel view synthesis task for complex 3D scenes. However, this new paradigm struggles to meet the requirements for real-time rendering and high perceptual quality in virtual reality. In this paper, we propose VPRF, a novel visual perceptual based radiance fields representation method, which for the first time integrates the visual acuity and contrast sensitivity models of human visual system (HVS) into the radiance field rendering framework. Initially, we encode both the appearance and visual sensitivity information of the scene into our radiance field representation. Then, we propose a visual perceptual sampling strategy, allocating computational resources according to the HVS sensitivity of different regions. Finally, we propose a sampling weight-constrained training scheme to ensure the effectiveness of our sampling strategy and improve the representation of the radiance field based on the scene content. Experimental results demonstrate that our method renders more efficiently, with higher PSNR and SSIM in the foveal and salient regions compared to the state-of-the-art FoV-NeRF. The results of the user study confirm that our rendering results exhibit high-fidelity visual perception.
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The performance of organic solar cell (OSC) devices has been significantly enhanced by the dramatic evolution of A-D-A type non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Nevertheless, the structure-property-performance relationship of NFAs in the OSC device is unclear. Here, the intrinsic design factors of isomeric, fluorination and π-conjunction curtailing on the photophysical properties of benzodi (thienopyran) (BDTP) (named NBDTP-M, NBDTTP-M, NBDTP-Fin, and NBDTP-Fout)-based NFAs are discussed. The results show that fluorination on the terminal group of NBDTP-Fout could effectively decrease the highest occupied orbital (HOMO) energy level and the lowest unoccupied orbital (LUMO) energy level. And the long π-conjugated donor unit for NBDTTP-M could increase the HOMO energy level and bring a small HOMO-LUMO energy bandgap. Meanwhile, the substitution of external oxygen atoms and the fluorine atoms in the terminal group could introduce positive changes to the electrostatic potential of the NBDTP-Fout, favouring the charge separation at the donor/acceptor interface. Moreover, the structural design of external oxygen atom substitution, fluorination on the terminal group and curtailed π-conjugated donor unit could decrease the electron vibration-coupling of exciton diffusion, exciton dissociation and electronic transfer processes. The suppression of the exciton decay and charge recombination in those high-performance NFAs indicate that the investigated molecular designs could be effective for further improvement of OSCs.
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A novel cooperative pseudo[3]rotaxane system was successfully constructed by the inclusion complexation of two identical amine naphthotubes with a bis-pyridinium/isoquinolinium guest. Single crystal structure analysis revealed that weak Csp3-Hâ¯O hydrogen bonds between the two hosts are responsible for the positive cooperativity during the formation of pseudo[3]rotaxanes. Moreover, intermolecular charge-transfer interactions between the electron-rich host and the electron-poor guests were observed. The pseudo[3]rotaxanes showed pH-controllable association/dissociation processes with naked-eye color changes in solution.
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Background: Older patients are at high risk of falling, and regular assessments of their concerns about falling (CaF) are often recommended. The present study aimed to investigate the association between CaF and personality traits among older patients as well as to elucidate the mediating role of subjective age. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 407 patients aged over 60 years in a tertiary hospital located in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, from March 2023 to May 2023. Predesigned electronic questionnaires were distributed to collect relevant data. Four different models (both crude and adjusted weighted linear regression models) were constructed based on the confounders. Confounders were gradually put into the models to control for bias and to examine the stability of the correlations. Bootstrap sampling was employed to examine the mediating role of subjective age. Result: According to the fully adjusted model, neuroticism (ß = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.31, p for trend = 0.02), extraversion (ß = -0.07, 95% CI: -0.15 to 0.001, p for trend = 0.05), and subjective age (ß = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.28 to 2.78, p for trend <0.001) were consistently correlated with CaF. Mediating analysis revealed that extraversion was negatively related with CaF both directly and indirectly, via subjective age [23.2% partial effect, bootstrap 95%CI: -0.024(-0.080, -0.000)]. Higher neuroticism was consistently related to older subjective age (ß = 0.002, 95% CI: 0.001 to 0.004, p for trend = 0.006), while higher levels of conscientiousness, openness, and extraversion were consistently correlated with younger subjective age(ß = -0.002, p for trend = 0.04; ß = -0.003, p for trend = 0.003; ß = -0.002, p for trend = 0.0, respectively). Conclusion: Extraversion and neuroticism were significantly correlated with CaF. Moreover, subjective age partially mediated the relationship between extraversion and CaF. Furthermore, subjective age was found to be associated with both CaF and personality traits. These findings highlighted the important roles of personality traits and subjective age in assessments of CaF and in the development of strategies for preventing falls among older patients.
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Accidentes por Caídas , Personalidad , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Accidentes por Caídas/estadística & datos numéricos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , China/epidemiología , Factores de Edad , Anciano de 80 o más AñosRESUMEN
Recent studies have identified microvascular invasion (MVI) as the most vital independent biomarker associated with early tumor recurrence. With advancements in medical technology, several computational methods have been developed to predict preoperative MVI using diverse medical images. These existing methods rely on human experience, attribute selection or clinical trial testing, which is often time-consuming and labor-intensive. Leveraging the advantages of deep learning, this study presents a novel end-to-end algorithm for predicting MVI prior to surgery. We devised a series of data preprocessing strategies to fully extract multi-view features from the data while preserving peritumoral information. Notably, a new multi-branch deep fused feature algorithm based on ResNet (DFFResNet) is introduced, which combines Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) from different sequences to enhance information complementarity and integration. We conducted prediction experiments on a dataset from the Radiology Department of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, comprising 117 individuals and seven MRI sequences. The model was trained on 80% of the data using 10-fold cross-validation, and the remaining 20% were used for testing. This evaluation was processed in two cases: CROI, containing samples with a complete region of interest (ROI), and PROI, containing samples with a partial ROI region. The robustness results from repeated experiments at both image and patient levels demonstrate the superior performance and improved generalization of the proposed method compared to alternative models. Our approach yields highly competitive prediction results even when the ROI region outline is incomplete, offering a novel and effective multi-sequence fused strategy for predicting preoperative MVI.
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BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the critical role of sequencing technology in disease control and outbreak response. However, resource limitations and challenging environments often impede such efforts in low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to investigate the spectrum of viral co-infections, particularly with human viral pathogens, in SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals in Sierra Leone using metagenomic sequencing, evaluating the feasibility of utilizing this technology for epidemiological and evolutionary surveillance of pathogens related to public health in low-income environments. METHODS: We retrospectively collected and analyzed 98 nasopharyngeal swab specimens from SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals in Sierra Leone. Samples were pre-processed locally and transferred to China via FTA cards for metagenomic sequencing, which was performed using the Novaseq platform. The study focused on the identification of nasopharyngeal viruses co-infecting with SARS-CoV-2, with a deeper analysis of significant human viral pathogens such as HPV. RESULTS: The study identified 22 viral taxa from 20 families, including 4 human viruses. Notably, 19.4% of samples showed HPV co-infection with 34 distinct types, predominantly beta and gamma HPVs. Multiple HPV types were found in individual samples, indicating a high complexity of viral co-infections. CONCLUSIONS: The identification of a wide range of co-infecting viruses, particularly multiple HPV genotypes, highlights the complexity of viral interactions and their potential implications for public health. These findings enhance our understanding of viral co-infections and provide valuable insights for public health interventions in Sierra Leone. Further research is needed to explore the clinical significance of these findings and their impact on disease outcomes.