RESUMEN
Due to the increasing competition in the market and the limited availability of high-quality employment opportunities, an increasing number of employees struggle to maintain a balance between their physical conditions and performance demands, resulting in a more widespread occurrence of "working while ill". However, little is known about the controlled motivation behind the phenomenon under pressure. Drawing on self-determination theory, this study utilized 281 questionnaire data to examine the positive effect of performance pressure on employee presenteeism, and to explore the moderating role of authoritarian leadership and its joint moderation function effect with independent self-construal. The results indicated that performance pressure had a significant positive effect on employee presenteeism. Authoritarian leadership imposed an enhanced moderating effect between performance pressure and employee presenteeism, while independent self-construal diminished the augmentative moderating role played by authoritarian leadership in the relationship between performance pressure and employee presenteeism. This study reveals the controlled motivation of employee presenteeism under performance pressure, taking into account the cultural background and organizational context of China. Moreover, it also offers novel perspectives for effectively managing this phenomenon.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study assesses the prevalence and characteristics of dens invaginatus (DI) in a sample of Chinese population by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective study was conducted by using the CBCT images of 1,004 patients. The whole dentition was evaluated for the presence and characteristics of DI. Periapical pathosis status and bilateral feature of affected teeth were also examined. RESULTS: Dens invaginatus was observed in 85 of 1,004 subjects, with a prevalence of 8.47% and a tooth prevalence of 0.494%. Males presented a higher prevalence of DI than females (p = .011). Type I DI was the most commonly observed type of dens invaginatus, followed by type II and type III. The structure form of different types of DI was various. Overall 2.48% of the patients with type I DI, 5.88% of the patients with type II DI, 100% of the patients with type III DI had apical pathosis. Bilateral DI was found in 63.53% of the affected patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that DI was not rare, and clinicians should be aware of its existence. CBCT examination can provide an accurate representation of dental anatomy and should be incorporated into early diagnosis and treatment planning for teeth with DI.