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AIMS: We aimed to comprehensively assess the risk of gastrointestinal toxicities associated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) in the treatment of ovarian cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched several databases for relevant trials. Eligible studies included prospective Phase II and III trials of ovarian cancer patients on the four PARPis (olaparib, veliparib, niraparib and rucaparib), describing events of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. Summary incidence, relative risk (RR), and 95% CIs were calculated employing fixed- or random-effects models. RESULTS: A total of 2,286 ovarian cancer patients from 12 trials were included for analysis. Our results showed that summary incidences of all-grade gastrointestinal events in ovarian cancer patients were nausea 68.8% (95% CI, 63.5%-73.6%), vomiting 36.2% (95% CI, 30.9%-41.8%), diarrhea 25.3% (95% CI, 21.2%-29.8%), and constipation 25.3% (95% CI, 17.9%-34.5%). The RRs of all-grade nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation were 2.00 (95% CI: 1.79-2.24; P<0.001), 2.12 (95% CI: 1.75-2.58; P<0.001), 1.20 (95% CI: 1.01-1.44; P=0.044), and 1.20 (95% CI: 0.88-1.80; P=0.21); respectively. While, the RRs of high-grade nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation were 3.74 (95% CI: 1.50-9.36; P=0.005), 2.81 (95% CI: 1.17-6.74; P=0.02), 0.56 (95% CI: 0.22-1.43; P=0.23), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.34-2.49, P=0.87); respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that the risk of all-grade gastrointestinal toxicities associated with PARPis, excepting constipation, is significantly increased in ovarian cancer patients. And the use of PARPis significantly increased the risk of developing high-grade nausea and vomiting, but not for diarrhea and constipation. Close clinical monitoring is recommended when administering these drugs.

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BACKGROUND: Our study aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA PVT1 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 156 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled in this study and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection was detected by highly sensitive PCR techniques. Serum levels of PVT1 in patients infected with different HPVs and healthy controls was detected by qRT-PCR and compared. Serum levels of PVT1 were also compared among patients with different sizes of tumor. ROC curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic values of serum for cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Survival curves were plotted by Kaplan-Meier method and compared to evaluate the prognostic values of serum PVT1 for this disease. Effects of PVT1 siRNA silencing and overexpression on proliferation of cervical squamous cell carcinoma cells were explored by CCK-8 assay. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of TGF-ß1 after PVT1 siRNA silencing and overexpression. RESULTS: No significant differences in serum levels of PVT1 were detected among patients infected with different HPVs and HPV-negative patients. However, serum levels of PVT1 were significantly higher in all patient groups than in healthy control group. Serum level of PVT1 increased with the increased sizes of primary tumor. Serum PVT1 accurately predicted the disease and its prognosis. PVT1 siRNA silencing inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells and reduced the expression of TGF-ß1, while PVT1 overexpression played an opposite role. CONCLUSION: LncRNA PVT1 promotes the growth HPV positive and negative cervical squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting TGF-ß1.

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Summary Objective: We conducted the research in order to explore the impact of hydrosalpinx fluid (HSF) on endometrium. Method: HSF group: 261 patients with HSF scheduled to undergo laparoscopic surgery 3 to 7 days after menstruation in our center. Hysteroscopy would also be performed in order to observe the endometrial morphology during the surgery. Sixty (60) patients would be randomly selected for endometrial biopsy in order to detect the inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-2 mRNA. Non-HSF group: 210 patients with no evidence of HSF due to chronic salpingitis or pelvic adhesion. IVF-ET treatment was performed after eliminating the factor of male infertility and hysteroscopy was conducted before the treatment. Fifty (50) patients underwent endometrial biopsy in order to detect TNF-a and IL-2 mRNA. Results: Hysteroscopy was performed in 261 patients with HSF and 210 patients without HSF. The incidence rate of endometritis manifestation among these two groups of patients was 37.2% (97/261) and 20.5% (43/210), respectively. The incidence rate of endometritis in the patients with HSF is significantly higher than in the patients without HSF (p<0.05). Sixty (60) patients from the HSF group and 50 patients from the non-HSF group were regrouped according to inflammatory and normal manifestation after the endometrial biopsy. There were 49 patients in the inflammatory manifestation group and 61 patients in the normal manifestation group. RT-PCR technology was adopted to detect the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-2 mRNA in endometrial tissue. The level of TNF-a mRNA expression in endometrial tissues with inflammatory manifestation was higher than in normal endometrium (76.75±11.95 vs. 23.45±9.75, p<0.01). There are significant differences between them. The level of IL-2 mRNA expression in endometrial tissues with inflammatory manifestation was higher than that found in normal endometrium (80.56±13.35 vs. 35.12±8.35, p<0.01). There are significant differences between them. Conclusion: Chronic endometritis is related to HSF and may therefore affect endometrial receptivity.

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OBJECTIVE: We conducted the research in order to explore the impact of hydrosalpinx fluid (HSF) on endometrium. METHOD: HSF group: 261 patients with HSF scheduled to undergo laparoscopic surgery 3 to 7 days after menstruation in our center. Hysteroscopy would also be performed in order to observe the endometrial morphology during the surgery. Sixty (60) patients would be randomly selected for endometrial biopsy in order to detect the inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-2 mRNA. Non-HSF group: 210 patients with no evidence of HSF due to chronic salpingitis or pelvic adhesion. IVF-ET treatment was performed after eliminating the factor of male infertility and hysteroscopy was conducted before the treatment. Fifty (50) patients underwent endometrial biopsy in order to detect TNF-a and IL-2 mRNA. RESULTS: Hysteroscopy was performed in 261 patients with HSF and 210 patients without HSF. The incidence rate of endometritis manifestation among these two groups of patients was 37.2% (97/261) and 20.5% (43/210), respectively. The incidence rate of endometritis in the patients with HSF is significantly higher than in the patients without HSF (p<0.05). Sixty (60) patients from the HSF group and 50 patients from the non-HSF group were regrouped according to inflammatory and normal manifestation after the endometrial biopsy. There were 49 patients in the inflammatory manifestation group and 61 patients in the normal manifestation group. RT-PCR technology was adopted to detect the expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-a and IL-2 mRNA in endometrial tissue. The level of TNF-a mRNA expression in endometrial tissues with inflammatory manifestation was higher than in normal endometrium (76.75±11.95 vs. 23.45±9.75, p<0.01). There are significant differences between them. The level of IL-2 mRNA expression in endometrial tissues with inflammatory manifestation was higher than that found in normal endometrium (80.56±13.35 vs. 35.12±8.35, p<0.01). There are significant differences between them. CONCLUSION: Chronic endometritis is related to HSF and may therefore affect endometrial receptivity.

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