RESUMEN
Livestock is an important food resource for the inhabitants of cold regions, such as northern Asia and alpine regions, where agriculture is limited. In these regions, cold stress largely affects livestock production, thereby reducing the productivity and survival of animals. Despite the importance of breeding cold-tolerant animals, few studies have investigated the effects of cold stress on cattle. Furthermore, whether severe cold stress alters gene expression or affects molecular genetic mechanisms remains unknown. Thus, we investigated gene expression changes in the peripheral blood samples of the Chinese Sanhe cattle exposed to severe cold. A total of 193 genes were found to exhibit significant alteration in expression (P < 0.05; fold change > 1.3), with 107 genes showing upregulation and 86 showing downregulation after cold exposure. The differences in the expression of 10 selected genes were further validated by real-time qRT-PCR. Further analyses showed that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were predominantly associated with important biological pathways and gene networks, such as lipid metabolism and cell death and survival, which are potentially associated with severe cold-stress resistance. Identification and description of these cold stress-induced DEGs might lead to the discovery of novel blood biomarkers that could be used to assess cold-stress resistance in cattle. To our knowledge, this is the first genomic evidence of differences in the transcript expression pattern in cattle exposed to severe cold stress. Our findings provide insights on the potential molecular mechanisms underlying cold-stress response in cattle.
Asunto(s)
Respuesta al Choque por Frío/genética , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Transcriptoma , Animales , Bovinos , Femenino , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Leucocitos , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , ARN MensajeroRESUMEN
Many studies have shown that microRNA (miR)-133 functions as a tumor suppressor in a variety of metastatic cancers, including breast cancer, gastric cancer, and liver fibrosis. However, the influence of miR-133 on pituitary tumor malignancy has not yet been reported. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of miR-133 in pituitary tumor cell migration and invasive ability and the molecular mechanisms involved. Our findings suggest that in pituitary adenoma cell lines, through direct targeting and negative control of forkhead box C1 (FOXC1), miR-133 can inhibit pituitary adenoma cell migration and invasion. In addition, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition can be induced by miR-133. Additionally, a negative correlation was found between FOXC1 and miR-133 expression when comparing their expression levels between cancerous tissue and adjacent normal tissue. This suggests that miR-133 can inhibit cell migration and invasion by directly targeting FOXC1, implying that miR-133 could be a potential therapeutic target for treatment of invasive pituitary adenoma.
Asunto(s)
Factores de Transcripción Forkhead/metabolismo , MicroARNs/fisiología , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/genética , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular/genética , Movimiento Celular/fisiología , Factores de Transcripción Forkhead/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , MicroARNs/genética , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
The morphological species concept is based on morpho-logical traits, which are often subject to subjectivity or artifact. Molecular evidence is needed to test the reliability of morphological classification of taxa that are controversial and to provide appropriate taxonomic de-limitation. In this study, we used 15 single-copy nuclear loci and 2 chloroplast fragments to verify the morphological classification of the Salix matsudana Koidz. complex using phylogenetic approaches. Complete sequence alignment showed slight diversification in nuclear sequences and no variety in chloroplast DNA fragments. Phylogenetic trees revealed a monophyletic group consisting of all individuals of S. matsudana and 2 clades within this group, with a 100% bootstrap support value and 1.00 posterior probability. The topology of the phylogenetic trees was highly consistent with the morphological classification of the S. matsudana complex. Verifying the genetic background of these classification units based on remarkable morphological differences will provide a foundation for future studies of Salix and the breeding of new horticultural varieties.