RESUMEN
Optical synaptic devices possess great potential in both artificial intelligence and neuromorphic photonics. In this work, an optically readable electrochromic-based microfiber synaptic device was designed by the combination of a multimode fiber and an electrochromic device and using an external voltage to control the transmission of light in the fiber. The proposed synaptic device has the ability to imitate various basic functions of the biological synapses, such as synaptic plasticity, and paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), as well as the transition from short-term memory to long-term memory. Moreover, the proposed device decodes the output optical signal with the international Morse code to express the signal "HFUT" in two ways, and a 3 × 3 array composed of this device can simulate the perceptual learning process. The device can be easily prepared for a wide range of applications, and the incorporated microfibers can be replaced by planar optical waveguides, making it easy to be integrated into a more complex and versatile photonic neuromorphic system.
RESUMEN
This paper explains the Sufi shrines which hold great importance in Pakistani society. The Shrines inhabit a vital position in the cultural and social as well as religious and culture life of rituals, Saints, traditional belief, sounds, trance, dance, music in ethnic healing, and spiritual illness/disease. It is not only a place of belief and devotion based on Sufi shrines but a place where Muslims and non-Muslim take part in happiness activities together. The design and architecture of the Sufi Shrines have local as well as worldwide influences, representative spiritual, belief systems, economic, and esthetic dimensions of Muslim social institute. Therefore, Muslims' association with the Sufi Shrines has much importance from traditional, political, social and economic perspectives. Centered on an ethnographic illustration, this research aims to highlight the use of Sufi Shrines space and Peoples' Perceptions about Visiting Sufi shrines in the ethnic perspective of rural and urban Sindh. In addition to discuss the socio spatial interactions about the Sufi shrines, this study has discovered that majority of the people and visitors have strong belief systems upon the blessings of Sufis and they visit shrines to fulfill their social, economic, physical, mental and spiritual wishes.