Asunto(s)
Melanoma/diagnóstico , Examen Físico/métodos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Hallazgos Incidentales , Masculino , Melanoma/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Adulto Joven , Melanoma Cutáneo MalignoRESUMEN
A double-labelling technique combining in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry is described which was used to characterize cells in the central nervous system containing JC virus DNA in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from four cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. All four cases showed positive nuclear labelling for JC virus in both oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. The latter gave a strongly positive cytoplasmic staining reaction using antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin. No nuclear labelling of neurones or endothelial cells was noted. The results confirm previous suggestions that glia are the main cells infected by JC virus in this disorder and show that the distribution of viral DNA in the brain is more extensive than suggested by routine microscopy alone. In situ hybridization for JC virus may be useful in confirming the diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in both surgical biopsies and post-mortem brain tissue.
Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/patología , ADN Viral/análisis , Leucoencefalopatía Multifocal Progresiva/microbiología , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Química Encefálica , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Virus JC , Leucoencefalopatía Multifocal Progresiva/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hibridación de Ácido Nucleico , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/metabolismoRESUMEN
Intracellular endocervical mucins from 45 normal uteri at different phases of the menstrual cycle, assessed by endometrial histology, have been investigated quantitatively. Both acidic and neutral mucins are produced by mucosal cells, although acidic mucin is far in excess of neutral mucin. Both acidic components undergo cyclical changes: an increase in sialoglycoproteins occurs in the periovulatory phase with a decrease in the secretory phase when sulphomucins increase. This suggests that sialoglycoprotein plays a role in the production of sperm-penetrable mucus at midcycle. Endocervical mucins adjacent to 37 examples of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia have also been investigated. In nine cases glands immediately adjacent to the abnormal squamous epithelium showed a decrease in sulphomucins together with an increase in sialomucins when compared with others 8 mm distant. Such changes are similar to those described adjacent to colonic adenocarcinoma and may reflect a premalignant mucosa.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma in Situ/metabolismo , Cuello del Útero/metabolismo , Glándulas Endocrinas/metabolismo , Endometrio/metabolismo , Ciclo Menstrual , Mucinas/análisis , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/metabolismo , Recuento de Células , Femenino , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Coloración y EtiquetadoRESUMEN
The measurement of IgG, using a sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), is described. The assay is specific, sensitive, and simple to perform. Purification of the antibody, prior to attachment to the plastic solid phase, results in a more sensitive test. Optimum standardisation of the reagents and conditions is described and discussed. The assay is capable of detecting IgG to 2.5 X 10(-5) IU/ml (approximately equal to 3 ng/ml) and is useful for measuring IgG produced by cells in culture. The coefficient of variation within assays is 6.0% and between assays is 7.7%.
Asunto(s)
Medios de Cultivo/análisis , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Inmunoglobulina G/análisis , Anticuerpos/análisis , Afinidad de Anticuerpos , Sangre , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Fusion of human and mouse cells leads to preferential loss of human chromosomes. In this study the loss of human immunoglobulin heavy and light chain production by human/mouse lymphoid hybridomas has been followed longitudinally. A sensitive quantitative ELISA method has been used for measuring human immunoglobulins. The pattern of loss of heavy and light chain production suggests that the genes for human heavy and light chains are on separate chromosomes.
Asunto(s)
Hibridomas/metabolismo , Inmunoglobulinas/metabolismo , Tejido Linfoide/citología , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Humanos , Cadenas Pesadas de Inmunoglobulina/biosíntesis , Cadenas Ligeras de Inmunoglobulina/biosíntesis , Cadenas lambda de Inmunoglobulina/metabolismo , Cadenas mu de Inmunoglobulina/metabolismo , RatonesRESUMEN
A survey of the first 200 cases supplied with a "Paracare" pressure redistribution wheelchair cushion. The rationale of the design and material used is discussed. The method of application and follow-up studies are given and a total evaluation of the results achieved to date are presented.
Asunto(s)
Paraplejía/rehabilitación , Silla de Ruedas , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , PresiónAsunto(s)
Ambliopía/etiología , Glaucoma/congénito , Ambliopía/terapia , Enfermedades de la Córnea/complicaciones , Edema/complicaciones , Glaucoma/complicaciones , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Errores de Refracción/complicaciones , Estudios Retrospectivos , Privación Sensorial , Estrabismo/complicaciones , Agudeza VisualRESUMEN
Pressure sores in the sitting paraplegic patient can delay rehabilitation by weeks or months, or can lead to the patient's permanent confinement to bed. This paper describes a method of redistributing the pressure loading on the sitting area so that pressure sores are unlikely to occur. In addition, a clinical approach which increases the patient's awareness of the problem is outlined and case histories and clinical results are described.