RESUMEN
Pemphigus is a rare blistering autoimmune disease that damages the integumentary system and lowers the quality of life of patients. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been linked to the immunopathogenesis of pemphigus, according to recent research. Thus, the investigation purpose was to assess the function of IL-6 in the development and intensity of pemphigus disease. Between January 2022 and August 2022, a case-series study involving 26 patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV), four patients with pemphigus foliaceus (PF), and 20 healthy volunteers was carried out at the Ho Chi Minh City Hospital of Dermato-Venereology. Patients with PV and PF had significantly higher serum IL-6 concentrations than healthy volunteers (p<0.001). Patients with a positive Nikolsky sign had significantly higher serum IL-6 concentrations than those with a negative sign (p<0.001). The serum IL-6 concentration and the pemphigus disease area index were found to significantly correlate (r=0.8, p<0.001). According to our findings, IL-6 might be a significant factor in pemphigus development and severity. Thus, novel treatments that specifically target IL-6 could be a good option for managing pemphigus, particularly in its more severe forms.
RESUMEN
Pemphigus is a group of rare, lifethreatening bullous autoimmune diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes and are associated with high morbidity and morbidity. HLA class II genes, particularly HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1, play roles in pemphigus. The aim of this paper is to investigate the susceptibility of HLA class II DRB1 and DQB1 alleles in Vietnamese patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) or pemphigus foliaceus (PF). The study enrolled 31 participants (22 with PV, 9 with PF) with diagnoses confirmed by clinical manifestations, histopathology, and direct immunofluorescence from November 2019 to June 2020. The HLA polymorphisms were determined by Sanger sequencing. The HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 profiles of the 101 healthy individuals in the control group have been published previously. The frequencies of HLA-DRB1*14, DRB1*13:07, DRB1*04:04, DRB1*03:02, DQB1*02:02, and DQB1*05:03 were significantly higher, whereas those of DRB1*09:01, DRB1*12:02, DQB1*03:03, DQB1*05:01, and DQB1*06:01 were significantly lower, in the PV group than in the controls. The frequencies of DRB1*14:54, DRB1*13:07, and HLA-DQB1*03:02 were significantly higher in the PF group than in the controls. Alleles HLA-DRB1*14:54, DRB1*14:04, DRB1*14:03, DRB1*14:01, DRB1*14:12, DRB1*13:07, DRB1*04:04, DRB1*03:02, DQB1*02:02, and DQB1*05:03 were associated with an increased risk of PV, whereas alleles DRB1*09:01, DRB1*12:02, DQB1*03:03, DQB1*05:01, and DQB1*06:01 might protect against PV. In PF, DRB1*14:54, DRB1*13:07, and HLA-DQB1*03:02 are promising susceptibility alleles.