RESUMEN
Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a potent antioxidant found in olive oil and leaves. Using several in vitro approaches, we tested antifungal activity of HT. HT showed broad spectrum of antifungal activity against medically important yeasts and dermatophyte strains with MIC values ranging between 97.6 µgml⻹ and 6.25 mgml⻹. The antimicrobial activity of HT was also tested using the time-kill methodology. Below the MIC value, HT showed potent damage of cell wall of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 using fluorescent dye-exclusion method. At the subinhibitory concentration, HT also influenced dimorphic transition of Candida indicating that HT is inhibitor of germ-tube formation as one of the most important virulence factor of C. albicans. Furthermore, HT showed disturbances in cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) of C. albicans. The in vitro results indicate that HT caused a significant cell wall damage and changes in CSH as well as inhibition of germ-tube formation as virulence factor of C. albicans. The study indicates that HT has a considerable in vitro antifungal activity against medically important yeasts.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Arthrodermataceae/efectos de los fármacos , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Alcohol Feniletílico/análogos & derivados , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Levaduras/efectos de los fármacos , Arthrodermataceae/fisiología , Candida albicans/patogenicidad , Candida albicans/fisiología , Humanos , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Viabilidad Microbiana/efectos de los fármacos , Aceite de Oliva , Alcohol Feniletílico/uso terapéutico , Fitoterapia , Hojas de la Planta/química , Aceites de Plantas/química , Plantas Medicinales , Levaduras/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD) best portray the twisted use of technological achievements against the human species. Despite arm control efforts, WMD threat continues to exist and even proliferate. This in turn calls for improvement in defensive measures against this threat. The modern soldier is exposed to a number of chemical, biological, and radiological agents in military and peace operations, while civilians are mainly exposed to terrorist attacks. Regardless of origin or mode of action, WMDs and other noxious agents aim for the same - to make an organism dysfunctional. Because their effects are often delayed, these agents are hard to spot on time and treat. This review presents a biomedical aspect of agents used in warfare and terrorism, including polonium-210, depleted uranium, salmonella, anthrax, genetically modified bacteria, cobweb-like polymer fibre, sarin, and mustard gas.
Asunto(s)
Guerra Biológica , Guerra Química , Terrorismo , Guerra , Humanos , Polonio/envenenamiento , Armas de Destrucción MasivaRESUMEN
Our Institute's nuclear, biological, and chemical defense research team continuously investigates and develops preparations for skin decontamination against nerve agents. In this in vivo study, we evaluated skin decontamination efficacy against sarin by a synthetic preparation called Mineral Cationic Carrier (MCC) with known ion exchange, absorption efficacy and bioactive potential. Mice were treated with increasing doses of sarin applied on their skin, and MCC was administered immediately after contamination. The results showed that decontamination with MCC could achieve therapeutic efficacy corresponding to 3 x LD(50) of percutaneous sarin and call for further research.
Asunto(s)
Sustancias para la Guerra Química/toxicidad , Inhibidores de la Colinesterasa/toxicidad , Descontaminación , Sarín/toxicidad , Zeolitas/uso terapéutico , Animales , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos NOD , PielRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to evaluate decontamination (absorption) efficacy of a preparation called Mineral Cationic Carrier (MCC) against skin contamination with sulphur mustard in vivo. MCC is a synthetic preparation with known ion exchange, absorption efficiency, and bioactive potential. CBA mice were applied increasing doses of sulphur mustard on their skin and MCC was administered immediately after skin contamination. The results have confirmed the decontamination efficacy of MCC preparation, corresponding to 8.4 times the LD50 of percutaneous sulphur mustard, and call for further investigation.