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Simultaneous elaboration of motor conditioned responses to perceived (PSS) and nonperceived (NSS) sound stimuli was carried out in humans. Development and extinction of electrographic components (skin galvanic response and depression of background rhythmical activity) of the orienting response to NSS was going on significantly slower than that to PSS. The same relations were observed during formation of temporary connections with participation of PSS and NSS being reflected in a more expressed EEG depression reaction in the hemisphere participating in conditioned motor performance. The data obtained are discussed from the point of view of the hypothesis of relative independence of processes of formation of reactions to PSS and NSS even of the same modality.

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It has been found that the efficiency of additional learning is in no linear dependency on interval value between initial and repeated conditioning sessions. At consecutive interval extension the efficiency of additional session changes wave-like. The effect of repeated learning session directly correlates with successful reproduction of traces of initial reflex elaboration in the second session. It is suggested that fluctuations of reproduction of unstable reflexes and of efficiency of additional learning sessions depend on changes in spatial relations of bioelectrical processes in the cortex which accompany the additional learning.

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Adaptive behaviour of 58 male mice of BALB/c line was studied (10 experimental sessions) in a multialternative maze (180 positive decisions) at various levels of alimentary excitation, after 0--12--24--36 hours of starvation. It has been found that such characteristics of the brain integrative activity as power, speed and rate of the development of motor information processing (estimated by dynamics of formation of correct decisions) are in direct dependency on the level of alimentary excitation. The suggestion is discussed that the level of concrete physiological neens represents both an "energiator" of the brain activity and its directing and organizing determinant.

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The influence of asymptomatic neuroviral infection produced by the 17D vaccine strain of yellow fever virus on the conditional reflex development of intracerebrally inoculated BALB/c mice was studied. In the virus-infected animals, the development of a conditional reflex in the labyrinth was hampered, on the one hand, by weakening of the inhibition process in the brain due to viral infection which was manifested by regular reproduction of "excess" information and perseverance; on the other hand, the development of the conditional reflex was made difficult because of the disturbance of the mechanisms providing for prolonged permanent level of awakeness. The observed changes were not accompanied by marked pathomorphological lesions in the CNS.

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Schoolchildren of 1--10-th grades solved the tasks with one and the same elementary scheme, in which the appearance of the given signal followed one action out of 14 possible ones. When the task was presented in the form of buttons and lamps its solution did not improve with age. Moreover, 4--5-th grades' pupils solved it quicker than the senior ones. When the scheme consisted of symbols the task was solved better with age. Junior schoolchildren solved it much slower than that with buttons and lamps. This difference diminished with age, and senior pupils solved both types of tasks equally. The obtained data result from formation in the ontogenesis of abstract-logic connections with different degree of generalization, reflecting the relations between the stimuli in the experimental environment.

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The dynamics of formation, the reproduction characteristics and interrelation of trace phenomena in conditions of a stable vs. unstable pause between the stimuli in Konorski test were studied in 148 6--7 year old children. It has been shown that with a stable interstimuli pause, along with correct voluntary reactions, based on stimuli traces, two types of electropgraphic trace reaction to time are elaborated--anticipatory and post-stimulatory. In this case trace phenomena are formed much more rapidly and their connection with the volume of the children's short-term memory is tighter than in experiments with an unstable interstimuli pause. It has been also shown that children's school resluts significantly correlate with the caracteristics of their mnemic activity--the volume of the short-term memory and Konorski test data.

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