RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To detect the possible biochemical signs of inflammatory activation in the peripheral circulation in a rodent model of hippocampus irradiation, and to examine the effects of L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC) in this experimental protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 40 Gy cobalt irradiation of both hemispheres of the hippocampus, with or without GPC treatment (50 mg/kg intravenously (i.v.), 5 min before the irradiation, n = 6, each). A third group (n = 6) served as saline-treated control. Blood samples were obtained 3 h after the end of irradiation in order to examine the changes in plasma histamine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1-beta, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 10 (IL-10); liver tissue samples were taken to determine adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations. RESULTS: The hepatic ATP levels were significantly declined, while plasma concentrations of circulating TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and histamine were significantly increased after hippocampus irradiation. GPC treatment significantly reduced the irradiation-induced release of cytokines and histamine, and the liver ATP level was maintained at the control value. CONCLUSIONS: Targeted brain irradiation produced measurable pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine changes in the systemic circulation. GPC supplementation provides significant protection against irradiation-induced peripheral pro-inflammatory activation and ATP depletion.
Asunto(s)
Citocinas/sangre , Glicerilfosforilcolina/administración & dosificación , Hipocampo/efectos de la radiación , Inflamación/sangre , Inflamación/prevención & control , Traumatismos por Radiación/sangre , Traumatismos por Radiación/prevención & control , Animales , Hipocampo/efectos de los fármacos , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Masculino , Tolerancia a Radiación/efectos de la radiación , Protectores contra Radiación/administración & dosificación , Radioterapia Conformacional/efectos adversos , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyAsunto(s)
Angiografía Coronaria/métodos , Anomalías de los Vasos Coronarios/diagnóstico , Vasos Coronarios , Infarto del Miocardio/terapia , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/instrumentación , Falla de Prótesis , Stents , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Anomalías de los Vasos Coronarios/diagnóstico por imagen , Anomalías de los Vasos Coronarios/patología , Vasos Coronarios/diagnóstico por imagen , Vasos Coronarios/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto del Miocardio/patología , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Our aim was to establish an effective small-animal focal brain radiation model for research on brain injuries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Groups of up to six rats were exposed to a range of doses from 120-40 Gy, at 10 intervals of a 6 MeV electron beam. Open-field motor functions and water maze learning-memory tests were performed after the irradiation at two-week intervals. Morphological changes were detected through repeated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) monthly and were compared with the histopathological findings to determine if they predicted late microscopic changes. RESULTS: The development of necrosis proved to be dose-dependent. 120 Gy resulted in serious deterioration within 4 weeks in all rats. Localized necrosis in one hemisphere was detected 2 months after the irradiation with ≥ 70 Gy, and 3 months after 40-60 Gy consistent for all animals. The Morris water maze (MWM) tests proved to be the most sensitive tool for the early detection of a brain functional impairment. MRI screening provided useful information on the development of radiation necrosis, which defined the time point for histological examinations. CONCLUSIONS: The described method permits accurate dose delivery to a definite part in one hemisphere of the brain for six rats at a time. Following complex examinations, a dose of 40 Gy and a follow-up time of 4 months are proposed for investigations on neuroradiation modifiers.