RESUMEN
The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiota and surface of failed titanium dental implants from 4 manufacturers. Twelve mobile dental implants were retrieved from 10 smokers after 3 to 10 years of functional loading. Before implant removal, microbial samples were taken and evaluated using polymerase chain reaction. After implant removal, analyses of the failed implant surfaces were performed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometer x-ray. Periodontal pathogens such as Aggregactibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola were detected in all implants in different proportions. Surface analysis showed varying degrees of surface roughness between the samples and the presence of proteinaceous material, appearing mainly as dark stains. Foreign carbon, oxygen, sodium, calcium, aluminum, and silicon elements were also found. Although no material-related causes of implant failure were detected, several periodontal pathogens were identified independently of the surface topography or manufacturer.
Asunto(s)
Implantes Dentales , Fracaso de la Restauración Dental , Bacterias Gramnegativas/clasificación , Fumar , Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/aislamiento & purificación , Bacteroides/aislamiento & purificación , Calcio/análisis , Campylobacter rectus/aislamiento & purificación , Carbono/análisis , Implantes Dentales/microbiología , Materiales Dentales/química , Eikenella corrodens/aislamiento & purificación , Microanálisis por Sonda Electrónica , Fusobacterium nucleatum/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Oxígeno/análisis , Fósforo/análisis , Porphyromonas gingivalis/aislamiento & purificación , Prevotella intermedia/aislamiento & purificación , Sodio/análisis , Propiedades de Superficie , Titanio/química , Treponema denticola/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Vários estudos longitudinais têm reportado uma alta taxa de sucesso da utilização de implantes osseointegrados no tratamento reabilitador. Entretanto, outras investigações têm mostrado a perda de implantes osseointegrados por causa de infecções periimplantares ou trauma oclusal. A periimplantite é caracterizada pela presença de reações inflamatórias que afetam o tecido periimplantar sob função. Indivíduos portadores de periimplantes são colonizados por patógenos periodontais como Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum e Treponema denticola, enquanto sítios periimplantares sadios são colonizados por cocos Gram-positivos.
Longitudinal studies have reported a high success rate for rehabilitating treatment through the use of osseointegrated implants. However, other studies have reported osseointegrated implant failure due to peri-implant infections or occlusal overload. Peri-implantitis is characterized by the presence of inflammatory reactions that affect the peri-implant tissue under loading. Subjects with peri-implantitis harbor periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Treponema denticola while healthy peri-implant sites harbor cocos Gram-positives.