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Despite technological advancements, human decision errors still contribute to civil aviation accidents. This study investigated whether flight time, cognitive reflection, task-load, metacognition, and perceived stress predicted decision-making (DM) performance during two in-flight training simulations with 104 commercial pilots at Bogota International Airport. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the predictors accounted for 56% of the variance. Cognitive reflection, flight time and performance task load emerged as significant positive predictors. Cognitive reflection significantly moderated the relationship between flight time and DM performance, with pilots scoring lower on cognitive reflection showing improved DM with increased flight time, while controlling for performance task load. The study did not find significant relationships between stress metacognition and DM performance. The study emphasises the significance of advanced training methods in improving pilots' DM, especially for those with low cognitive reflection. Future research should expand to multiple airlines, address gender balance, and incorporate direct measures of metacognitive monitoring.

This article examines predictors of decision-making performance among commercial pilots during in-flight simulations. Findings suggest that cognitive reflection, flight time and performance task load positively influence decision-making, while task-load has a negative impact. This insight can inform aviation training programs to enhance safety and update pilots' training in uncertain conditions.

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While the killing of one's own infant is an undoubtedly harrowing crime, there exists little research exploring attitudes toward these individuals. Such work has focused primarily on depictions of mothers, yet U.K. government data indicate that the majority of infant homicide cases involve paternal suspects. A sample of U.K. residents (n = 245) participated in a mixed-methods design to explore attitudes toward mothers and fathers who have been accused of murdering their infant child and whether parental mental health issues impacted these judgements. Results aligned with the chivalry hypothesis wherein maternal suspects were evaluated more leniently. Qualitative analyses uncovered hidden gender expectations: mothers were ascribed blame when the father was accused of infant homicide, a finding that was not present in the reverse scenario. This suggests that traditional views of motherhood conflict with a shifting social landscape that is seeing an increase in stay-at-home fathers and working mothers.

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There is a lack of studies addressing the psychological mechanisms underlying the association between individual differences in greed and well-being. This study tested the relationship between dispositional greed, and satisfaction with life, as well as the moderating effect of social comparison orientation on this association (N = 373). As expected for hypothesis 1, we found that greed correlated negatively with satisfaction with life, and positively with social comparison orientation, even after controlling for individuals' mental health index (anxiety and depression), supporting the hypothesis 2. Further, the moderating effect of social comparison strengthened the relationship between high levels of dispositional greed and dissatisfaction with life, failing to support hypothesis 3. As such, individuals high on dispositional greed were less satisfied with life if they also showed lower (vs. medium level) levels of social comparison orientation. These findings add to the psychological literature on greed by showing that social comparison is not only positively related to it but can also be a vital mechanism for boosting psychological well-being.

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The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic spread rapidly since it was first identified in December 2019. A nation-level lockdown has been implemented in many countries, affecting workers of all sectors and forcing many to work from home. In this commentary, we discuss mental health difficulties that working from home might cause on non-key workers, based on research in New Ways of Working (NWW) and telecommuting. Moreover, we propose the use of mindfulness-based approaches to protect workforce from the potential negative impacts of working from home.

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Essa pesquisa objetivou analisar a relação entre o Racismo Moderno e o Sexismo Ambivalente utilizando os Valores Humanos como terceira variável que pudesse explicar essa relação, tendo em vista seu poder de predição de fenômenos sociais. A amostra foi composta por 200 participantes distribuídos quase igualmente quanto ao sexo, sendo 101(50,5%) do sexo feminino e 99 (49,5%) do sexo masculino. A média de idade dos respondentes foi de 23 anos (DP = 5,41). Observou-se que o Sexismo Ambivalente e o Racismo Moderno estão correlacionados positivamente como também se relacionam com as subfunções Realização, Interativa e Normativa dos Valores Humanos explicando parcialmente a relação entre o racismo e o sexismo. Concluiu-se que as expressões modernas de racismo e sexismo estão interligadas e que os valores normativos, que visam manter a estabilidade social e tradição, podem desempenhar um papel importante na explicação parcial dessa ligação. (AU)

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between Modern Racism and Ambivalent Sexism using Human Values as a third variable that could explain this relationship, given its predictive power against social phenomena. The sample consisted of 200 participants distributed almost equally regarding gender, including 101 (50.5%) women and 99 (49.5%) men. The mean age of the respondents was 23 years (SD = 5.41). It was observed that Ambivalent Sexism and Modern Racism are positively correlated as they are also related to the Realization, Interactive, and Normative subfunctions of Human Values, partially explaining the relationship between racism and sexism. It was concluded that modern expressions of racism and sexism are interconnected and that normative values, which aim to maintain social stability and tradition, may play an important role in partially explaining this connection. (AU)

Esta investigación objetivó analizar la relación entre el Racismo Moderno y el Sexismo Ambivalente utilizando los Valores Humanos como la tercera variable que pudiera explicar esa relación, considerando su poder de predicción de fenómenos sociales. La muestra fue compuesta por 200 participantes distribuidos casi por igual cuanto al sexo, siendo 101 (50, 5%) mujeres y 99 (49,5%) hombres. La edad media de los encuestados fue de 23 años (DS = 5,41). Se observó que el Sexismo Ambivalente y el Racismo Moderno se correlacionaron positivamente, dado que también se relacionaron con las subfunciones Realización, Interactiva y Normativa de los Valores Humanos, explicando parcialmente la conexión entre el racismo y el sexismo. Se concluyó que las expresiones modernas de racismo y sexismo están interconectadas y que los valores normativos, que apuntan a mantener la estabilidad social y la tradición, pueden ejecutar un papel importante en la explicación parcial de esta conexión. (AU)

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A Síndrome do Importor (SI) reflete dúvidas sobre conquistas e capacidades pessoais na ausência de evidências externas que reforcem tal percepção. Este estudo objetivou adaptar ao contexto brasileiro a Escala Clance do Fenômeno do Impostor (ECFI), reunindo evidências de sua validade fatorial e consistência interna. Dois estudos foram realizados. No Estudo 1, participaram 201 estudantes universitários (M idade = 22,5, DP = 5,04; 71,6% mulheres) e, no Estudo 2, participaram 252 estudantes de pós-graduações (M idade = 30,4 DP = 6,18; 75% mulheres). Todos os participantes responderam a ECFI e perguntas demográficas. Análises fatoriais exploratórias (AFEs) foram realizadas em ambos os estudos, indicando uma estrutura unifatorial, que explicou entre 46,3% (Estudo 1) e 57% (Estudo 2) da variância total, apresentando consistência interna (alfa de Cronbach) acima de 0,90. Concluiu-se que a ECFI é uma medida psicometricamente adequada, que poderá ser usada em estudos futuros para compreender a dimensão geral da síndrome do impostor e seus correlatos. (AU)

The impostor syndrome reflects doubts about personal achievements and abilities in the absence of external evidence that supports such perception. This study aimed to adapt the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) to the Brazilian context, gathering evidence of its factorial validity and reliability. Two studies were conducted. Study 1 included 201 undergraduate students (Mage = 22.5, SD = 5.04; 71.6% female) and Study 2 analyzed 252 graduate students (Mage = 30.4, SD = 6.18; 75% female). All participants answered the CIPS and demographic questions. Exploratory factor analyses (EFA) were conducted in both studies, indicating a one-factor structure, explaining between 46.3% (Study 1) and 57% (Study 2) of the total variance, showing internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) above 0.90. The CIPS proved to be a psychometrically adequate scale that could be used in future studies to understand the overall dimension of the impostor syndrome and its correlates. (AU)

El síndrome del impostor (SI) refleja dudas sobre los logros y capacidades personales en la ausencia de evidencias externas que refuerzan esta percepción. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo adaptar la Escala Clance del Fenómeno del Impostor (ECFI) al contexto brasileño, reuniendo evidencias de su validez factorial y consistencia interna. Dos estudios fueron realizados. En el Estudio 1 participaron 201 estudiantes universitarios (M edad = 22.5, DS = 5.04; 71.6% mujeres) y 252 estudiantes de postgrado (M edad = 30.4, DS = 6.18; 75% mujeres) en el Estudio 2. Todos los participantes respondieron la ECFI y preguntas demográficas. Se realizaron análisis factoriales exploratorios (AFE) en los dos estudios, lo que indica una estructura unifactorial que explica entre el 46.3% (Estudio 1) y el 57% (Estudio 2) de la varianza total, mostrando una fiabilidad (alfa de Cronbach) superior a .90. En conclusión, la ECFI es una medida psicométricamente adecuada, que puede ser utilizada en futuros estudios para comprender la dimensión general del síndrome del impostor y sus correlatos. (AU)

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Digitalization of knowledge work is essential for today's organizations, responding to diversified employee needs. Many organizations are already implementing some form of flexibility to help workers perform work and non-work duties, while maintaining high productivity. While these changes in workplaces, "New Ways of Working (NWW)", have been discussed in the literature, a systematic appraisal of evidence of NWW has not been conducted. Relating to poor work-related mental health worldwide, this systematic review analyzed the psychological impacts of NWW, and the quality and quantity of NWW research. Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, NWW studies targeting psychological outcomes were evaluated. Initial literature search on ProQuest, PsycINFO, Science Direct, and Google Scholar retrieved 308 titles, from which seven articles fulfilled all inclusion criteria. Our appraisal revealed that NWW research evaluated diverse psychological outcomes. While NWW can help workers' engagement, work-related flow, and connectivity among staff, NWW can also increase blurred work-home boundary, fatigue, and mental demands. The quality of NWW research was overall medium, needing more rigorous studies. Our findings can inform decision-makers in the workplace to effectively implement NWW, and researchers to improve the quality and the usefulness of future NWW studies.

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Previous research found that the within-country variability of human values (e.g., equality and helpfulness) clearly outweighs between-country variability. Across three countries (Brazil, India, and the United Kingdom), the present research tested in student samples whether between-nation differences reside more in the behaviors used to concretely instantiate (i.e., exemplify or understand) values than in their importance as abstract ideals. In Study 1 (N = 630), we found several meaningful between-country differences in the behaviors that were used to concretely instantiate values, alongside high within-country variability. In Study 2 (N = 677), we found that participants were able to match instantiations back to the values from which they were derived, even if the behavior instantiations were spontaneously produced only by participants from another country or were created by us. Together, these results support the hypothesis that people in different nations can differ in the behaviors that are seen as typical as instantiations of values, while holding similar ideas about the abstract meaning of the values and their importance.

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Most psychological studies rely on student samples. Students are usually considered as more homogenous than representative samples both within and across countries. However, little is known about the nature of the differences between student and representative samples. This is an important gap, also because knowledge about the degree of difference between student and representative samples may allow to infer from the former to the latter group. Across 59 countries and 12 personality (Big-5) and attitudinal variables we found that differences between students and general public were partly substantial, incoherent, and contradicted previous findings. Two often used cultural variables, embeddedness and intellectual autonomy, failed to explain the differences between both groups across countries. We further found that students vary as much as the general population both between and within countries. In summary, our results indicate that generalizing from students to the general public can be problematic when personal and attitudinal variables are used, as students vary mostly randomly from the general public. Findings are also discussed in terms of the replication crisis within psychology.

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Little research has examined mean-level change in values across the life span. Using large cross-sectional data (N = 36,845) from the five geo-social regions in Brazil, this study examines how mean levels of basic values differ as a function of age (from age 12 to 65; M = 28) and whether age effects are moderated by gender. Results show that mean-level value change is substantial throughout the life course. We observed both linear and curvilinear patterns of change as well as differential patterns by gender. The observed value change is consistent with age-related life circumstances and psychosocial development. Age effects are also value dependent, supporting the notion that values have different functions for different developmental stages.

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Esta pesquisa objetivou reunir evidências psicométricas de adequação da Escala de Vitalidade Subjetiva (EVS), realizando-se três estudos. No Estudo 1 200 estudantes universitários responderam a EVS. O instrumento mostrou uma estrutura fatorial unidimensional (α = 0,73). No Estudo 2 participaram outros 200 estudantes universitários que responderam o mesmo questionário. Uma análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC) corroborou esta estrutura, embora o item 2 tenha sido pouco adequado. Assim, realizou-se nova AFC excluindo-o. Os resultados foram melhores do que quando considerados todos os itens (α = 0,75). O Estudo 3 replicou estes resultados com 200 professores do ensino fundamental, testando também a validade convergente da EVS com a satisfação com a vida. Concluiu-se que este instrumento reúne evidências psicométricas que apóiam seu uso.

This paper presents empirical evidence of the psychometric adequacy of the Subjective Vitality Scale (SVS), based on three studies. In Study 1, 200 undergraduate students responded the SVS. The SVS showed a unidimensional factor structure (α = .73). In Study 2, another 200 undergraduate students answered the same instrument. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the factor structure of Study 1, although item 2 was inadequate. Another CFA was realized without this item. Results were better than those considering all items (α = .75). Study 3 replicated these results with 200 elementary school teachers, and investigated the convergent validity of the SVS with satisfaction with life. It can be concluded that the SVS showed sufficient psychometric adequacy to support its use.

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Esta pesquisa objetivou reunir evidências psicométricas de adequação da Escala de Vitalidade Subjetiva (EVS), realizando-se três estudos. No Estudo 1 200 estudantes universitários responderam a EVS. O instrumento mostrou uma estrutura fatorial unidimensional (α = 0,73). No Estudo 2 participaram outros 200 estudantes universitários que responderam o mesmo questionário. Uma análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC) corroborou esta estrutura, embora o item 2 tenha sido pouco adequado. Assim, realizou-se nova AFC excluindo-o. Os resultados foram melhores do que quando considerados todos os itens (α = 0,75). O Estudo 3 replicou estes resultados com 200 professores do ensino fundamental, testando também a validade convergente da EVS com a satisfação com a vida. Concluiu-se que este instrumento reúne evidências psicométricas que apóiam seu uso.(AU)

This paper presents empirical evidence of the psychometric adequacy of the Subjective Vitality Scale (SVS), based on three studies. In Study 1, 200 undergraduate students responded the SVS. The SVS showed a unidimensional factor structure (α = .73). In Study 2, another 200 undergraduate students answered the same instrument. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the factor structure of Study 1, although item 2 was inadequate. Another CFA was realized without this item. Results were better than those considering all items (α = .75). Study 3 replicated these results with 200 elementary school teachers, and investigated the convergent validity of the SVS with satisfaction with life. It can be concluded that the SVS showed sufficient psychometric adequacy to support its use.(AU)

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O presente estudo procurou adaptar o Questionário de Ajustamento Escolar, reunindo evidências de sua validade fatorial e consistência interna. Objetivou-se ainda conhecer se suas pontuações variariam em função de sexo, série e tipo de escola dos participantes. Participaram 242 estudantes, sendo a maioria de escolas particulares (53,7%), do sexo feminino (57,7%) e com idade média de 14,3 anos (dp=1,88). A análise de componentes principais (rotação varimax) identificou quatro componentes que explicaram conjuntamente 44,5% da variância total: dificuldades disciplinares (α=0,72), dificuldades acadêmicas (α=0,65), aspectos gerais sobre a escola (α=0,59) e relacionamento com professores e estudantes (α=0,57); um fator geral apresentou Alfa de 0,78. Realizando uma MANOVA, verificou-se que houve diferença nas pontuações dos participantes do ensino médio quando comparados com aqueles do ensino fundamental no que se refere às dificuldades acadêmicas. Concluiu-se que este instrumento é psicometricamente adequado para fins de pesquisa...

This study aimed to adapt the Questionnaire of School Adjustment, jointing empirical evidences of its factor validity and reliability. Moreover, it aimed to know if its scores could vary according to the participants’ sex, scholar degree, and type of school. Participants were 242 students, most were from private school (53.7%), female (57.7%) and with mean age of 14.3 years (sd=1.88) Principal components analysis (varimax rotation) revealed four components, taking into account 44.5% of the total variance: disciplinary difficulties (α=.72), scholar difficulties (α=.65), general aspects about the school (α=.59), and relationship with professors and schoolmates (α=.57); a general component showed Alpha of .78. Performing a MANOVA, a statistical difference was observed between the participants’ scores of elementary school and high school with respect to the component named as scholar difficulties. It was concluded that this instrument is psychometric appropriated for research purpose...

Este estudio trató de adaptar el Cuestionario de Ajuste Escolar, reuniendo evidencias de su validez factorial y fiabilidad. Además, objetivó conocer si sus puntuaciones variarían según el sexo, el grado escolar y el tipo escuela de los participantes. Participaron en la investigación 242 estudiantes, la mayoría de escuelas privadas (53.7%) y mujeres (57.7%), con edad promedia de 14.3 (dt=1.88). El análisis de componentes principales (rotación varimax) identificó cuatro componentes que explicaron en conjunto un 44.5% de la varianza total: dificultades disciplinarias (α=0.72), dificultades académicas (α=0.65), aspectos generales sobre la escuela (α=0.59) y relacionamiento con profesores y estudiantes (α=0.57); un factor general presentó alfa de 0.78. Realizando una MANOVA, se constató diferencia en las puntuaciones de los participantes de enseñanza secundaria en comparación con aquellos de primaria con respecto a las dificultades académicas. Se concluyó que este instrumento es psicométricamente adecuado para fines de investigación...

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O presente estudo procurou adaptar o Questionário de Ajustamento Escolar, reunindo evidências de sua validade fatorial e consistência interna. Objetivou-se ainda conhecer se suas pontuações variariam em função de sexo, série e tipo de escola dos participantes. Participaram 242 estudantes, sendo a maioria de escolas particulares (53,7%), do sexo feminino (57,7%) e com idade média de 14,3 anos (dp=1,88). A análise de componentes principais (rotação varimax) identificou quatro componentes que explicaram conjuntamente 44,5% da variância total: dificuldades disciplinares (α=0,72), dificuldades acadêmicas (α=0,65), aspectos gerais sobre a escola (α=0,59) e relacionamento com professores e estudantes (α=0,57); um fator geral apresentou Alfa de 0,78. Realizando uma MANOVA, verificou-se que houve diferença nas pontuações dos participantes do ensino médio quando comparados com aqueles do ensino fundamental no que se refere às dificuldades acadêmicas. Concluiu-se que este instrumento é psicometricamente adequado para fins de pesquisa.(AU)

This study aimed to adapt the Questionnaire of School Adjustment, jointing empirical evidences of its factor validity and reliability. Moreover, it aimed to know if its scores could vary according to the participants’ sex, scholar degree, and type of school. Participants were 242 students, most were from private school (53.7%), female (57.7%) and with mean age of 14.3 years (sd=1.88) Principal components analysis (varimax rotation) revealed four components, taking into account 44.5% of the total variance: disciplinary difficulties (α=.72), scholar difficulties (α=.65), general aspects about the school (α=.59), and relationship with professors and schoolmates (α=.57); a general component showed Alpha of .78. Performing a MANOVA, a statistical difference was observed between the participants’ scores of elementary school and high school with respect to the component named as scholar difficulties. It was concluded that this instrument is psychometric appropriated for research purpose.(AU)

Este estudio trató de adaptar el Cuestionario de Ajuste Escolar, reuniendo evidencias de su validez factorial y fiabilidad. Además, objetivó conocer si sus puntuaciones variarían según el sexo, el grado escolar y el tipo escuela de los participantes. Participaron en la investigación 242 estudiantes, la mayoría de escuelas privadas (53.7%) y mujeres (57.7%), con edad promedia de 14.3 (dt=1.88). El análisis de componentes principales (rotación varimax) identificó cuatro componentes que explicaron en conjunto un 44.5% de la varianza total: dificultades disciplinarias (α=0.72), dificultades académicas (α=0.65), aspectos generales sobre la escuela (α=0.59) y relacionamiento con profesores y estudiantes (α=0.57); un factor general presentó alfa de 0.78. Realizando una MANOVA, se constató diferencia en las puntuaciones de los participantes de enseñanza secundaria en comparación con aquellos de primaria con respecto a las dificultades académicas. Se concluyó que este instrumento es psicométricamente adecuado para fines de investigación.(AU)

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Este artigo objetivou conhecer evidências psicométricas da Escala de Motivações Externa e Interna para Responder sem Preconceito ([EMEI], Plant & Devine, 1998), considerando dois grupos-alvo: gays e lésbicas. Realizaram-se dois estudos. No Estudo 1 participaram 234 pessoas da população geral de João Pessoa (PB), com média de idade de 26 anos, a maioria do sexo feminino (54,3 por cento) e heterossexual (95 por cento). Eles responderam a versão da EMEI para gays. Análises fatoriais confirmatórias revelaram como mais adequado o modelo bifatorial (AGFI = 0,94, CFI = 0,98 e RMSEA = 0,05). Os Alfas de Cronbach dos fatores foram 0,74 (motivação interna) e 0,76 (motivação externa). No Estudo 2 participaram 202 pessoas da população geral da mesma cidade, com idade média de 25 anos, a maioria do sexo feminino (60,9 por cento) e heterossexual (95 por cento). Eles responderam a versão da EMEI para lésbicas. Corroborando o estudo anterior, uma estrutura bifatorial se mostrou mais adequada (AGFI = 0,90, CFI = 0,95 e RMSEA = 0,08). Os Alfas de Cronbach para os dois fatores foram 0,71 (motivação interna) e 0,84 (motivação externa). Reuniram-se evidências complementares de validade de construto destas versões. Concluindo, os resultados apoiaram a adequação psicométrica (validade fatorial, validade convergente-discriminante e consistência interna) da EMEI, que poderá ser empregada em pesquisas futuras sobre preconceito frente a gays e lésbicas.

The current article aimed to find psychometric evidences in the Internal and External Motivation to Respond without Prejudice Scale (Plant & Devine, 1998) taking into account two target-groups: gays and lesbians. Two studies were carried out. In Study 1 participants were 234 subjects from the general population of João Pessoa-PB, with mean age of 26 years old, most of them female (54.3 percent) and heterosexual (95 percent). They answered the gay version of the Internal and External Motivation to Respond without Prejudice Scale (IEM Scale). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the two-factor model (AGFI = .94, CFI = .98, and RMSEA = .05) is the most adequate. Cronbach's Alphas for the factors were .74 (internal motivation) and .76 (external motivation). In Study 2 participants were 202 subjects of general population from the same city, with mean age of 25 years old, most of them female (60.9 percent) and heterosexual (95 percent). They answered the lesbian version IEM Scale. Corroborating the previous study, a two-factor model was more adequate (AGFI = .90, CFI = .95, and RMSEA = .08). Cronbach's Alphas for the two factors were .71 (internal motivation) and .84 (external motivation). Complementary evidences of the construct validity were also presented. In conclusion, the results support the psychometric adequacy (factorial validity, convergent-discriminant validity, and reliability) of the IEM Scale suggesting it can be used in future studies about prejudice toward gays and lesbians.

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Este artigo objetivou conhecer evidências psicométricas da Escala de Motivações Externa e Interna para Responder sem Preconceito ([EMEI], Plant & Devine, 1998), considerando dois grupos-alvo: gays e lésbicas. Realizaram-se dois estudos. No Estudo 1 participaram 234 pessoas da população geral de João Pessoa (PB), com média de idade de 26 anos, a maioria do sexo feminino (54,3 por cento) e heterossexual (95 por cento). Eles responderam a versão da EMEI para gays. Análises fatoriais confirmatórias revelaram como mais adequado o modelo bifatorial (AGFI = 0,94, CFI = 0,98 e RMSEA = 0,05). Os Alfas de Cronbach dos fatores foram 0,74 (motivação interna) e 0,76 (motivação externa). No Estudo 2 participaram 202 pessoas da população geral da mesma cidade, com idade média de 25 anos, a maioria do sexo feminino (60,9 por cento) e heterossexual (95 por cento). Eles responderam a versão da EMEI para lésbicas. Corroborando o estudo anterior, uma estrutura bifatorial se mostrou mais adequada (AGFI = 0,90, CFI = 0,95 e RMSEA = 0,08). Os Alfas de Cronbach para os dois fatores foram 0,71 (motivação interna) e 0,84 (motivação externa). Reuniram-se evidências complementares de validade de construto destas versões. Concluindo, os resultados apoiaram a adequação psicométrica (validade fatorial, validade convergente-discriminante e consistência interna) da EMEI, que poderá ser empregada em pesquisas futuras sobre preconceito frente a gays e lésbicas.(AU)

The current article aimed to find psychometric evidences in the Internal and External Motivation to Respond without Prejudice Scale (Plant & Devine, 1998) taking into account two target-groups: gays and lesbians. Two studies were carried out. In Study 1 participants were 234 subjects from the general population of João Pessoa-PB, with mean age of 26 years old, most of them female (54.3 percent) and heterosexual (95 percent). They answered the gay version of the Internal and External Motivation to Respond without Prejudice Scale (IEM Scale). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the two-factor model (AGFI = .94, CFI = .98, and RMSEA = .05) is the most adequate. Cronbach's Alphas for the factors were .74 (internal motivation) and .76 (external motivation). In Study 2 participants were 202 subjects of general population from the same city, with mean age of 25 years old, most of them female (60.9 percent) and heterosexual (95 percent). They answered the lesbian version IEM Scale. Corroborating the previous study, a two-factor model was more adequate (AGFI = .90, CFI = .95, and RMSEA = .08). Cronbach's Alphas for the two factors were .71 (internal motivation) and .84 (external motivation). Complementary evidences of the construct validity were also presented. In conclusion, the results support the psychometric adequacy (factorial validity, convergent-discriminant validity, and reliability) of the IEM Scale suggesting it can be used in future studies about prejudice toward gays and lesbians.(AU)

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RESUMEN

Este estudo objetivou conhecer em que medida os valores explicam as atitudes frente à tatuagem e estas, por sua vez, predizem a intenção de tatuar-se. Participaram 263 estudantes universitários de João Pessoa, com idade média de 20,7 anos, a maioria homem (54,7 por cento) e solteira (91 por cento). Estes responderam a Escala de Atitudes frente à Tatuagem, o Questionário dos Valores Básicos e perguntas demográficas (idade, sexo, religiosidade). Os resultados indicaram atitudes dos participantes mais negativas frente à tatuagem, sobretudo aqueles de ciências exatas e naturais. Comprovou-se a adequação de um modelo triádico, onde os valores predisseram as atitudes frente à tatuagem e, estas, a intenção de tatuar-se. Especificamente, a subfunção normativa promoveu atitudes negativas frente à tatuagem, enquanto a subfunção experimentação favoreceu aquelas mais positivas. Conclui-se que as atitudes frente à tatuagem têm base valorativa, explicando a intenção de tatuar-se. Sugeriram-se pesquisas futuras que contribuam para explicar as atitudes frente à tatuagem.

This study investigated the extent to which values explain the attitudes towards tattoos and these, in turn, predict the intention of tattooing. Participants were 263 undergraduate students from João Pessoa (Brazil), with mean age of 20.7 years, mostly men (54.7 percent) and unmarried (91 percent). They answered the Attitudes toward Tattoo Scale, the Basic Values Survey and demographic questions (age, gender, and religiosity). Results indicated that the participants' attitudes toward tattooing were predominantly negatives, especially among students of natural and exact sciences. The adequacy of a triadic model was proved, where human values predicted attitudes toward tattooing and these, the intention of getting tattooed. Specifically, the value subfunction normative promoted negative attitudes toward tattooing, while the subfunction excitement favored more positive attitudes. In conclusion, attitudes toward tattooing have a value basis, accounting for people intention of getting tattooed. Future research is suggested to contribute on the explanation of attitudes toward tattooing.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Este estudo objetivou conhecer em que medida os valores explicam as atitudes frente à tatuagem e estas, por sua vez, predizem a intenção de tatuar-se. Participaram 263 estudantes universitários de João Pessoa, com idade média de 20,7 anos, a maioria homem (54,7 por cento) e solteira (91 por cento). Estes responderam a Escala de Atitudes frente à Tatuagem, o Questionário dos Valores Básicos e perguntas demográficas (idade, sexo, religiosidade). Os resultados indicaram atitudes dos participantes mais negativas frente à tatuagem, sobretudo aqueles de ciências exatas e naturais. Comprovou-se a adequação de um modelo triádico, onde os valores predisseram as atitudes frente à tatuagem e, estas, a intenção de tatuar-se. Especificamente, a subfunção normativa promoveu atitudes negativas frente à tatuagem, enquanto a subfunção experimentação favoreceu aquelas mais positivas. Conclui-se que as atitudes frente à tatuagem têm base valorativa, explicando a intenção de tatuar-se. Sugeriram-se pesquisas futuras que contribuam para explicar as atitudes frente à tatuagem.(AU)

This study investigated the extent to which values explain the attitudes towards tattoos and these, in turn, predict the intention of tattooing. Participants were 263 undergraduate students from João Pessoa (Brazil), with mean age of 20.7 years, mostly men (54.7 percent) and unmarried (91 percent). They answered the Attitudes toward Tattoo Scale, the Basic Values Survey and demographic questions (age, gender, and religiosity). Results indicated that the participants' attitudes toward tattooing were predominantly negatives, especially among students of natural and exact sciences. The adequacy of a triadic model was proved, where human values predicted attitudes toward tattooing and these, the intention of getting tattooed. Specifically, the value subfunction normative promoted negative attitudes toward tattooing, while the subfunction excitement favored more positive attitudes. In conclusion, attitudes toward tattooing have a value basis, accounting for people intention of getting tattooed. Future research is suggested to contribute on the explanation of attitudes toward tattooing.(AU)

Asunto(s)