RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Prostaglandins are implicated in periodontal bone destruction. We investigated the effect of a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor (indomethacin-IND) or a type 2 COX inhibitor (meloxicam-MLX) in an experimental periodontal disease (EPD) model. METHODS: Wistar rats were subjected to placement of a nylon thread ligature around the maxillary molars and sacrificed after 7 days. Alveolar bone loss (ABL) was measured in one quadrant as the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and the alveolar bone. The other quadrant was processed for histopathologic analysis. Daily weight and white blood cell count were recorded. Groups were treated subcutaneously for 7 days with either IND (0.5, 1, or 2 mg/kg) or MLX (0.75, 1.5, or 3 mg/kg). Controls received no treatment. Macroscopic analysis of the gastric mucosa was done. The control group did not receive any manipulation, and a non-treated group consisted of rats subjected to periodontitis that received no pharmacological treatment. RESULTS: In the non-treated (NT) group, there was significant ABL, severe mononuclear influx, and an increase in osteoclast numbers. Significant neutrophilia and lymphomonocytosis occurred at 6 hours and at 7 days, respectively, as compared to controls. Significant weight loss persisted until the seventh day in the NT group. Both IND and MLX reduced ABL and histopathologic changes. Neutrophilia and lymphomonocytosis were also significantly reversed. Both IND and MLX induced earlier weight recovery. The stomachs of the IND (1 and 2 mg/kg) groups presented hemorrhage and ulcers, whereas in the MLX-treated groups, there were mild petechiae just in the 3 mg/kg group. CONCLUSIONS: COX inhibition prevented ABL in this experimental periodontal disease model. MLX displays similar efficacy and less gastric damage than IND. MLX may provide a better risk/benefit ratio in the treatment of human periodontitis than non-selective COX inhibitors.
Asunto(s)
Pérdida de Hueso Alveolar/prevención & control , Inhibidores de la Ciclooxigenasa/uso terapéutico , Isoenzimas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Periodontitis/prevención & control , Peroxidasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proceso Alveolar/patología , Animales , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/administración & dosificación , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/efectos adversos , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/uso terapéutico , Peso Corporal , Recuento de Células , Ciclooxigenasa 2 , Inhibidores de la Ciclooxigenasa 2 , Inhibidores de la Ciclooxigenasa/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de la Ciclooxigenasa/efectos adversos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Indometacina/administración & dosificación , Indometacina/efectos adversos , Indometacina/uso terapéutico , Inyecciones Subcutáneas , Recuento de Leucocitos , Leucocitos Mononucleares/efectos de los fármacos , Leucocitos Mononucleares/patología , Leucocitosis/patología , Leucocitosis/prevención & control , Masculino , Meloxicam , Diente Molar , Neutrófilos/efectos de los fármacos , Neutrófilos/patología , Osteoclastos/patología , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintasas , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Estómago/efectos de los fármacos , Tiazinas/administración & dosificación , Tiazinas/efectos adversos , Tiazinas/uso terapéutico , Tiazoles/administración & dosificación , Tiazoles/efectos adversos , Tiazoles/uso terapéutico , Cuello del Diente/patologíaRESUMEN
A malacological survey to detect foci of transmission of schistosomiasis and other parasitic diseases was undertaken into water-courses from 13 municipalities of microregion of Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. From 1990 to 1996, 22,066 snails were collected. From those, 378 (1.7%) were found infected by trematodes: Biomphalaria glabrata (7,920), infected by Schistosoma mansoni (1.9%), Echinostomatidae (1.2%), Strigeidae (0.6%), Cercaria minense (0.1%) and Derogenidae (-0.1%); B. straminea (4,093) infected by Strigeidae (0.6%), Echinostomatidae (0.2%), Clinostomatidae (-0.1%) and two unidentified cercariae; B. tenagophila (1,338), infected by Strigeidae (0.1%) and Physa marmorata (1,776) by Echinostomatidae (1.6%). The snails Biomphalaria peregrina, B. occidentalis, B. schrammi, Drepanotrema depressissimum, D. lucidum, D. cimex, Physa cubensis, Lymnaea columella, Melania tuberculata, Idiopyrgus souleyetianus, Pomacea sp, Anodontites sp and Ancylidae were found noninfected. Snails from 9 municipalities were infected by S. mansoni and from 11 by other trematodes.
Asunto(s)
Caracoles/parasitología , Trematodos/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Biomphalaria/parasitología , Brasil , Vectores de Enfermedades , Ecología , Lymnaea/parasitología , Densidad de Población , Infecciones por Trematodos/parasitología , Infecciones por Trematodos/transmisiónRESUMEN
A malacological survey to detect foci of transmission of schistosomiasis and other parasitic diseases was undertaken into water-courses from 13 municipalities of microregion of Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. From 1990 to 1996, 22,066 snails were collected. From those, 378 (1.7%) were found infected by trematodes: Biomphalaria glabrata (7,920), infected by Schistosoma mansoni (1.9%), Echinostomatidae (1.2%), Strigeidae (0.6%), Cercaria minense (0.1%) and Derogenidae (-0.1%); B. straminea (4,093) infected by Strigeidae (0.6%), Echinostomatidae (0.2%), Clinostomatidae (-0.1%) and two unidentified cercariae; B. tenagophila (1,338), infected by Strigeidae (0.1%) and Physa marmorata (1,776) by Echinostomatidae (1.6%). The snails Biomphalaria peregrina, B. occidentalis, B. schrammi, Drepanotrema depressissimum, D. lucidum, D. cimex, Physa cubensis, Lymnaea columella, Melania tuberculata, Idiopyrgus souleyetianus, Pomacea sp, Anodontites sp and Ancylidae were found noninfected. Snails from 9 municipalities were infected by S. mansoni and from 11 by other trematodes.
Um levantamento malacológico em coleções hídricas de 13 municípios da microrregião de Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil, foi efetuado para detectar focos de transmissão de esquistossomose e outras parasitoses. De 1990 a 1996 foram coletados 22.066 moluscos dos quais 378 (1,7%) estavam infectados com trematódeos: Biomphalaria glabrata (7.920), com Schistosoma mansoni (1,9%), com Echinostomatidae (1,2%), com Strigeidae (0,6%), com Cercaria minense (0,1%) e Derogenidae (-0,1%); B. straminea (4.093), com Strigeidae (0,6%), com Echinostomatidae (0,2%), com Clinostomatidae (-0,1%) e duas cercárias desconhecidas; B. tenagophila (1.338), com Strigeidae (0,1%); Physa marmorata (1.776), com Echinostomatidae (1,6%). Os moluscos Biomphalaria peregrina, B. occidentalis, B. schrammi, Drepanotrema depressissimum, D. lucidum, D. cimex, Physa cubensis, Lymnaea columella, Melania tuberculata, Idiopyrgus souleyetianus, Pomacea sp, Anodontites sp e Ancylidae não estavam infectados. Moluscos de 9 municípios estavam infectados com S. mansoni e de 11 com outros trematódeos.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Caracoles/parasitología , Trematodos/aislamiento & purificación , Brasil , Biomphalaria/parasitología , Vectores de Enfermedades , Ecología , Infecciones por Trematodos/parasitología , Infecciones por Trematodos/transmisión , Lymnaea/parasitología , Densidad de PoblaciónRESUMEN
The ratios of male to female worms of Schistosoma mansoni were determined in mice infected with cercariae from LE, SJ and AL strains shed by mollusc hosts of the parasite in Brazil. The sex ratios of worms in the animals were similar with cercariae from Biomphalaria glabrata and B. tenagophila varying from 1.1:1 to 1.6:1 with LE and AL strains and 1:1.1 with SJ. In the animals infected with cercariae from B. straminea the ratio of male to female worms was similar to those obtained using cercariae shed from the other two species of molluscs, 1.5:1 with LE strain. Inoculations by AL and SJ cercariae resulted in sex ratios of 3.1:1 and 6:1 respectively. The normal sex ratios of worms established in Brazil in animals inoculated with cercariae from B. glabrata and B. tenagophila is from 1:1 to 2:1. The higher number of male worms that developed from cercariae of the AL and SJ strains obtained from B. straminea indicate a lower compatibility of the snail concerning these strains of S. mansoni.