RESUMEN
Searching for improvements in semen cryopreservation, natural substances are commonly studied focusing to improve the sperm quality. The aim of this study were evaluated the effect of adding orange, pineapple, and beet juices in different concentrations and combinations to the ram semen cryopreservation extender. Five ejaculates from five adult rams were used. The semen pool was diluted in egg yolk-based extender and mixed with the following 15 treatments (at a final concentration of 400.106 sptz/mL): orange 10% (O10) and 15% (O15); pineapple 10% (P10) and 15% (P15); beet 10% (B10) and 15% (B15); pineapple + orange 10% (PO10) and 15% (PO15); pineapple + beet 10% (PB10) and 15% (PB15); beet + orange 10% (BO10) and 15% (BO15); pineapple + beet + orange 10% (PBO10) and 15% (PBO15); and the control group (CON). Post-thaw in 0.25 mL straws semen quality analysis of cryopreserved semen was performed by CASA and flow cytometry. Analysis of variance (PROC GLM) was carried out and the averages were compared using the SNK test. Pearson's correlation test was also performed. No effect was noted in the addition of juices to the semen extender prior to cryopreservation. Post-thawed, although, statistically similar to the control group, the total motility of the B10 group reached acceptable standards of total motility. In addition, B10 group showed the highest values (p< 0.05) of progressive motility than control group or other treatments. The addition of 10% beet juice to the ram semen extender can improve the cryopreservation of sperm motility.
Em busca de melhorias na criopreservação do sêmen, substâncias naturais são comumente estudadas com o objetivo de melhorar a qualidade do sêmen. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da adição de sucos de laranja, abacaxi e beterraba em diferentes concentrações e combinações ao diluidor de criopreservação de sêmen ovino. Foram utilizados cinco ejaculados de cinco carneiros adultos. O pool de sêmen foi diluído em diluente à base de gema de ovo e misturado com os seguintes 15 tratamentos (na concentração final de 400x106 sptz/ml): laranja 10% (O10) e 15% (O15); abacaxi 10% (P10) e 15% (P15); beterraba 10% (B10) e 15% (B15); abacaxi + laranja 10% (PO10) e 15% (PO15); abacaxi + beterraba 10% (PB10) e 15% (PB15); beterraba + laranja 10% (BO10) e 15% (BO15); abacaxi + beterraba + laranja 10% (PBO10) e 15% (PBO15); e o grupo controle (CON). Pós-descongelação em palhetas de 0,25 ml a análise da qualidade do sêmen criopreservado foi realizada pelo CASA e citometria de fluxo. A análise de variância foi realizada e as médias comparadas pelo teste SNK. O teste de correlação de Pearson também foi realizado. Nenhum efeito foi observado na adição de sucos ao diluidor de sêmen antes da criopreservação. Após o descongelamento, embora estatisticamente semelhante ao grupo controle, a motilidade total do grupo B10 atingiu padrões aceitáveis de motilidade total. Além disso, o grupo B10 apresentou os maiores valores (p<0,05) de motilidade progressiva que o grupo controle ou os outros tratamentos. A adição de 10% de suco de beterraba ao diluente de sêmen ovino pode melhorar a criopreservação da motilidade espermática.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Preservación de Semen/métodos , Dilución , Oveja Doméstica , Jugos de Frutas y Vegetales/análisis , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Criopreservación , Beta vulgaris , Ananas , Citrus sinensisRESUMEN
In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of using estrogen-induced prolonged luteal function followed by prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2α) treatment to synchronize estrus in gilts. On day12 of the estrus cycle (D0 = first day of standing estrus), 52 gilts were assigned at random to two experimental groups: non-treated gilts (CON, n = 22), serving as controls, and prolonged luteal function group (CYP, n = 30), receiving a single treatment with 10 mg of estradiol cypionate intramuscularly Starting on day 12, blood samples were collected for estradiol and progesterone assays. Estrus detection started on day 17. Gilts from the CON group were inseminated at the onset of natural estrus. On day 28 CYP gilts were treated with PGF2α to induce luteolysis and inseminated at the onset of estrus. Gilts were slaughtered 5 d after the last insemination. A single treatment with estradiol cypionate prolonged luteal function in 90% of treated gilts. The duration of the estrous cycle was longer (p < 0.0001) for CYP gilts compared to CON gilts. CYP gilts showed synchronized estrus 3.96 ± 0.19 d after induction of luteolysis. The conception rate was similar (p = 0.10) for CON and CYP gilts. No difference was observed in the embryo recovery rate (p = 0.18) and total number of embryos per female (p = 0.06). The percentage of unfertilized oocytes, fragmented embryos and viable embryos was similar among females from CON and CYP groups (p > 0.05). The treatment of gilts with a single application of 10 mg of estradiol cypionate on day 12 of the estrous cycle was effective in prolonging luteal function and treatment with PGF2α resulted in synchronized estrus. Additionally, the synchronization protocol had no deleterious effect on fertility and embryonic development.
RESUMEN
Abstract Diabetes is a self-managed condition with knowledge, attitudes and practices that can influence the overall treatment and outcomes delay the complications of diabetes. However, the few reported studies published point out that: low education level, poor adherence to pharmacotherapy and diet recommendations, infrequent monitoring of blood glucose, and insulin dosage regimen are associated with higher hemoglobin levels. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, adherence medication, and complexity of pharmacotherapy in T1DM patients in Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 156 T1DM patients who were attending in primary care. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the variables associated with glycemic control. The overall assessments of T1DM patients for the glycemic control were bad (121, 77.6%). However, T1DM patients with high MedTake Test (OR=2.4, CI=1.1-5.7) and Morisky-Green Test (OR= 2.5, CI=1.1-6.1), and in the use of dosage insulin (>40 units, OR=0.3, CI=0.1-0.7) and postprandial glucose (100-125mg/dl, OR=3.8, CI=1.1-14.6) had better glycemic control compared to uncontrolled patients. Glycemic control in Brazilians adults with T1DM is low. We suggested the screening patients with low MedTake and Morisky-Green Tests, increasing patient knowledge as part of a complex intervention that may lead to substantially improved treatment outcomes in primary care
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pacientes/clasificación , Atención Primaria de Salud/clasificación , Brasil/etnología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/patología , Control Glucémico/efectos adversos , Centros de Salud , Estudios Transversales/métodosRESUMEN
Chagas Disease (CD) is a neglected illness whose immunopathological mechanisms have not yet been plainly elucidated. The asymptomatic (indeterminate) form of CD is a long-term condition and approximately 20% to 35% of the individuals with this form evolve into one of the three chronic symptomatic clinical forms of CD, namely: cardiac, digestive or cardio-digestive (mixed). A variant of blood monocytes characterized by low expression of the HLA-DR antigen (CD14+/HLA-DRlow/â) constitutes a subtype of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) whose main function is to regulate exacerbated inflammatory processes. The development of the symptomatic forms of CD can be related to the interaction between the host's immune system and the CD14+/HLA-DRlow/â immunosuppressive monocytes. Here, we evaluated, by flow cytometry, the absolute number and the HLA-DR antigenic density of this population of MDSCs in 57 patients with the diagnosis of CD: 34 with the symptomatic clinical forms (26 cardiac and 8 mixed) and 23 with the asymptomatic (indeterminate) form. The asymptomatic form exhibited a greater number of CD14+/HLA-DRlow/â monocytes and, accordingly, a low HLA-DR antigenic density, when compared to the symptomatic forms. It is possible to speculate that the predominance of CD14+/HLA-DRlow/- monocytes in the patients with the asymptomatic (indeterminate) form might have been a factor that could delay or even prevent the evolution of the asymptomatic form to the symptomatic forms of Chagas Disease.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Chagas , Monocitos , Citometría de Flujo , Antígenos HLA-DR , Humanos , Receptores de LipopolisacáridosRESUMEN
Resumo Fundamento A doença de Chagas (DC) é considerada um problema de saúde pública na América Latina. A região nordeste, principalmente o estado do Ceará, ainda representa grande preocupação em termos de risco de transmissão da doença. Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de T. cruzi em doadores de sangue do estado do Ceará. Métodos Trata-se um de estudo retrospectivo descritivo realizado no período de 2010 a 2015, a partir de dados registrados no sistema informatizado do Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Ceará (HEMOCE). Resultados Dos 763.731 potenciais doadores de sangue, 14.159 foram considerados impedidos de fazer a doação devido à sorologia, sendo que 1.982 (0,33%) o foram devido à positividade/inconclusão para doença de Chagas. Compareceram à Hemorrede para a repetição 425 indivíduos, sendo confirmados 28,2% (120/425) como impedidos de doar devido a DC. Conclusão Não houve redução significativa das sorologias positivas/inconclusivas no período entre 2010-2015, porém foi observada redução em relação a 1996/1997 no estado. A determinação da prevalência da doença de Chagas em bancos de sangue pode ser relevante como indicador do risco de transmissão transfusional em determinada região. Novos testes sorológicos para triagem com melhor acurácia são necessários, reduzindo o descarte desnecessário de bolsas de sangue, os custos para o Sistema Único de Saúde e a insegurança para os pacientes e familiares. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1082-1091)
Abstract Background Chagas disease (CD) is considered a public health problem in Latin America. The northeastern region, especially the state of Ceará, still represents a major concern in terms of the risk of transmission of CD. Objective To estimate the prevalence of T. cruzi in blood donors from the state of Ceará. Methods This is a retrospective descriptive study that was performed in the period from 2010 to 2015 from data recorded in the computerized system of the Hematology and Hemotherapy Center of Ceará (HEMOCE in Portuguese). Results Of the 763,731 potential blood donors, 14,159 were serologically ineligible; 1,982 (0.33%) were serologically ineligible due to positive / inconclusive diagnosis for CD. A total of 425 individuals came to the HEMOCE to repeat the test, with 28.2% (120/425) declared ineligible for donations due to CD. Conclusion No significant reduction of positive / inconclusive serology was observed in the period between 2010 and 2015, but a reduction was observed when compared to 1996/1997 in the state. The determination of the prevalence of CD in blood banks may be relevant as an indicator of the risk of CD transmission through blood transfusions in a given region. New serological tests for triage with better accuracy in screening are needed, in an attempt to reduce the unnecessary disposal of blood bags, reduce costs for the Brazilian Unified Health System, and diminish insecurity for the patient and family members. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1082-1091)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Trypanosoma cruzi , Enfermedad de Chagas/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Chagas/epidemiología , Donantes de Sangre , Brasil/epidemiología , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , América LatinaRESUMEN
AIMS: To explore the factors associated with adherence and non-adherence to the pharmacological treatment of patients with T1DM in primary care setting southeast Brazil. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 158 patients attending in the primary health care in the city of Franca southeast Brazil and measure adherence to antidiabetic medication. Adherence was measure using Morisky-Green Test modified. RESULTS: The majority of patients was adherence to antidiabetic medication (63.2%). More than one third of patients were non-adherent treated pharmacologically and comorbidities most prevalent were hypertension (63.8%), dyslipidemia (43.1%) and depression (32.8%). Depression were strongest predictor OR=2.8 (1.2-6.5) of non-adherence. CONCLUSION: Depression is a factor associated with non-adherence to pharmacological treatment in patients with T1DM, and in clinical practice, screening for depression and intervention as well as pharmaceutical care may improve adherence to pharmacotherapy.
Asunto(s)
Depresión/epidemiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Cumplimiento de la Medicación , Atención Primaria de Salud , Adulto , Anciano , Brasil/epidemiología , Comorbilidad , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Chagas disease (CD) is considered a public health problem in Latin America. The northeastern region, especially the state of Ceará, still represents a major concern in terms of the risk of transmission of CD. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of T. cruzi in blood donors from the state of Ceará. METHODS: This is a retrospective descriptive study that was performed in the period from 2010 to 2015 from data recorded in the computerized system of the Hematology and Hemotherapy Center of Ceará (HEMOCE in Portuguese). RESULTS: Of the 763,731 potential blood donors, 14,159 were serologically ineligible; 1,982 (0.33%) were serologically ineligible due to positive / inconclusive diagnosis for CD. A total of 425 individuals came to the HEMOCE to repeat the test, with 28.2% (120/425) declared ineligible for donations due to CD. CONCLUSION: No significant reduction of positive / inconclusive serology was observed in the period between 2010 and 2015, but a reduction was observed when compared to 1996/1997 in the state. The determination of the prevalence of CD in blood banks may be relevant as an indicator of the risk of CD transmission through blood transfusions in a given region. New serological tests for triage with better accuracy in screening are needed, in an attempt to reduce the unnecessary disposal of blood bags, reduce costs for the Brazilian Unified Health System, and diminish insecurity for the patient and family members. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1082-1091).
FUNDAMENTO: A doença de Chagas (DC) é considerada um problema de saúde pública na América Latina. A região nordeste, principalmente o estado do Ceará, ainda representa grande preocupação em termos de risco de transmissão da doença. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de T. cruzi em doadores de sangue do estado do Ceará. MÉTODOS: Trata-se um de estudo retrospectivo descritivo realizado no período de 2010 a 2015, a partir de dados registrados no sistema informatizado do Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Ceará (HEMOCE). RESULTADOS: Dos 763.731 potenciais doadores de sangue, 14.159 foram considerados impedidos de fazer a doação devido à sorologia, sendo que 1.982 (0,33%) o foram devido à positividade/inconclusão para doença de Chagas. Compareceram à Hemorrede para a repetição 425 indivíduos, sendo confirmados 28,2% (120/425) como impedidos de doar devido a DC. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve redução significativa das sorologias positivas/inconclusivas no período entre 2010-2015, porém foi observada redução em relação a 1996/1997 no estado. A determinação da prevalência da doença de Chagas em bancos de sangue pode ser relevante como indicador do risco de transmissão transfusional em determinada região. Novos testes sorológicos para triagem com melhor acurácia são necessários, reduzindo o descarte desnecessário de bolsas de sangue, os custos para o Sistema Único de Saúde e a insegurança para os pacientes e familiares. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(6):1082-1091).
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Chagas , Trypanosoma cruzi , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios , Donantes de Sangre , Brasil/epidemiología , Enfermedad de Chagas/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Chagas/epidemiología , Humanos , América Latina , Prevalencia , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
The Pharmaceutical Care Service of the Chagas Disease Research Laboratory (LPDC), in the State of Ceará, Brazil, treats patients with Chagas disease (CD), characterized as a chronic, neglected disease that requires full patient follow-up. Objective: determine the socioeconomic and demographic profile of patients with CD treated at the LPDC. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, in which 507 patients were treated from January 2007 to May 2016. The variables collected were gender, age, place of birth, schooling, family income, type of health care, occupation, living conditions and habits. The profile of Trypanosoma cruzi infected individuals consisted of 51.1% males; mean age of 50.4 years; 26.6% were small farmers; 48.7% had not finished elementary school; 36.9% had a family income of one minimum wage; 77.7% did not have private health insurance and most of them came from rural areas. Regarding habits, 66.5% were nonsmokers and 70.0% were sedentary. Additionally, an improvement was noted in housing conditions, with most patients moving from wattle and daub huts, which were their first homes, to brick houses. We conclude that the analysis of the socioeconomic and demographic profile of patients treated at the LPDC showed that most of them come from a low socioeconomic population, where the demand for treatment has been occurring at a later age, further reinforcing the importance of the follow-up provided by the LPDC.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Servicios Farmacéuticos , Clase Social , Trypanosoma cruzi , Enfermedad de Chagas , Enfermedades Desatendidas , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de SaludRESUMEN
Detrimental drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in Diabetic patients could be from the simultaneous use of multiple drugs, polypharmacy. Brazilian public health studies evaluating the practical knowledge about drug interactions are scarce. This study's objective is to identify drug interactions and prevalence of detrimental DDIs in diabetic patients attending Brazilian basic health system clinics. METHODS: Patients using insulin between the age of 18-90 years were selected to complete the MedTake questionnaire, to evaluate the indication, dosage, regimen and drug interaction. The MedTake test was employed. For each medicine, the test was scored as the percentage of correct actions and compared with printed instructions one single researcher downloaded all the data was from the municipality's computerized system. RESULTS: The median age of recruits was 60.2⯱â¯14.3 and MedTake test scores were low 60.3⯱â¯20. One hundred patients missed the correct dose question, 40 missed why they were prescribed the drug, indication and 65 missed the therapeutic regimen. These diabetes patients did not know the DDIs between insulin combined with other medicines. Drugs that had more interaction with insulin were: acetylsalicylic acid (40%), enalapril (18%), losartan (32%) and hydrochlorothiazide (23%). CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes patients without practical knowledge about insulin interacting with other pharmaceutical drugs that can produce DDIs with other medicines illustrates a need to develop education programs for diabetics.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/tratamiento farmacológico , Interacciones Farmacológicas , Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos/epidemiología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Hipoglucemiantes/efectos adversos , Hipoglucemiantes/metabolismo , Atención Primaria de Salud/normas , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores/análisis , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Efectos Colaterales y Reacciones Adversas Relacionados con Medicamentos/etiología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Prevalencia , Pronóstico , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The rising prevalence of T2DM poses a serious threat to human health and the viability of many health care systems around the world. Non-adherence to therapeutic in the T2DM is high, and Brazilian studies of public heath for to identify new variables are scares. The present study explored cardiovascular consequences associated with compliance and non-adherence among T2DM in Brazilian patients seeking medical care in Brazilian basic health unit clinics. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a city the interior of Sao Paulo state, with patients with T2DM, being municipal PHS users. Data were collected from the computerized system of the municipality for a one single researcher and patient records, and analyzed using the IBM SPSS v.18 statistical package. The response variables was categorized in adherent MGT (>80) and non-adherent MGT (≤80). RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 63.6⯱â¯9.5 with predominance for the sex male 66.4% and 42% of patients with T2DM do not adherence to treatment. We found an associated odds ratio (OR)â¯=â¯2.3 (1.1-5.1) between heart failure and non-adherence in patients with T2DM. CONCLUSION: Heart failure is a factor associated with non-adherence to treatment in patients with T2DM and in the practice clinical, the screening for heart failure and interventions may improve adherence to pharmacotherapy.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores/análisis , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/psicología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/epidemiología , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Cumplimiento de la Medicación/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Glucemia/análisis , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hemoglobina Glucada/análisis , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Cumplimiento de la Medicación/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Salud Pública , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The feeding of diets with greater energy content than that needed for body maintenance following mating is believed to reduce embryonic survival in pigs. In swine operations, therefore, feed intake is often restricted during the first and second week of pregnancy to reduce embryo mortality. There is thought to be a relationship between feeding diets that result in energy intake that is greater than that needed for body maintenance and embryonic death. This relationship is associated with lesser than typical progesterone (P4) concentrations when feeding diets with greater energy content due to increased hepatic clearance. There is no consensus, however, as to whether feeding should be restricted during early pregnancy to avert this possible detrimental effect. Thus, the aim of this systematic review is to assess the effect in sows and gilts of feeding diets with different energy contents post-mating on embryonic survival, evaluating when possible, the relationship of a greater energy intake and P4 concentrations on embryonic survival. An electronic search was conducted of the PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of science, and Scielo databases during June 2018. A total of 109 articles were retrieved, and of these, only 16 articles were selected after applying the selection criteria. There was no negative effect of a greater feed intake than that needed for body maintenance after breeding in 75% of the experiments. Results from 35% of the experiments indicated feeding early pregnant sows a diet with greater energy content than that needed for body maintenance resulted in augmented embryonic death. In 66.7% of the experiments, in which there was assessment of P4 concentration, there was no negative effect of feeding after farrowing a diet with greater energy than that needed for body maintenance. In conclusion, it appears that restricted feed intake in early pregnancy is no longer relevant when there are modern prolific dam lines utilized in swine production enterprises because dietary energy of as great as 54 MJ ME/day had no detrimental effect on embryo survival.
Asunto(s)
Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales , Dieta/veterinaria , Ingestión de Energía , Preñez , Fenómenos Fisiologicos de la Nutrición Prenatal , Porcinos/fisiología , Animales , Femenino , EmbarazoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The transmission of Chagas disease (CD) through blood transfusion, organ transplantation, and oral transmission has gained greater visibility as a result of intensified vector control activities in endemic regions and to control CD in non-endemic regions. In Brazil, Ceará is one of the states that perform the most organ transplants. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in organ donor candidates. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on data from potential organ donors at the Center of Transplantation of the State of Ceará from 2010 - 2015. RESULTS: Data from a total of 2,822 potential donors were obtained, of which 1,038 were effective donors and 1,784 were excluded, likely due to lack of family authorization or medical contraindication. The prevalence of T. cruzi infection among these potential donors was 1.3% (n = 29). The majority of infected donors were males aged 41 - 60 years, residing in the interior of the state. Interestingly, 72.4% (n = 21) had positive or inconclusive serology for additional infections, such as cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B and C, and toxoplasmosis. Probability analysis revealed that stroke was the most common cause of death among potential donors with CD. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of CD and other coinfections among potential solid organ donors in Ceará, and statistical tests have shown that these individuals are at increased risk of stroke when compared to potential non-reactive donors. This work highlights the importance of screening DC infection in potential donors.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Enfermedad de Chagas/epidemiología , Donantes de Tejidos/estadística & datos numéricos , Trypanosoma cruzi/inmunología , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Abstract INTRODUCTION: The transmission of Chagas disease (CD) through blood transfusion, organ transplantation, and oral transmission has gained greater visibility as a result of intensified vector control activities in endemic regions and to control CD in non-endemic regions. In Brazil, Ceará is one of the states that perform the most organ transplants. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in organ donor candidates. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on data from potential organ donors at the Center of Transplantation of the State of Ceará from 2010 - 2015. RESULTS: Data from a total of 2,822 potential donors were obtained, of which 1,038 were effective donors and 1,784 were excluded, likely due to lack of family authorization or medical contraindication. The prevalence of T. cruzi infection among these potential donors was 1.3% (n = 29). The majority of infected donors were males aged 41 - 60 years, residing in the interior of the state. Interestingly, 72.4% (n = 21) had positive or inconclusive serology for additional infections, such as cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B and C, and toxoplasmosis. Probability analysis revealed that stroke was the most common cause of death among potential donors with CD. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of CD and other coinfections among potential solid organ donors in Ceará, and statistical tests have shown that these individuals are at increased risk of stroke when compared to potential non-reactive donors. This work highlights the importance of screening DC infection in potential donors.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Donantes de Tejidos/estadística & datos numéricos , Trypanosoma cruzi/inmunología , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Enfermedad de Chagas/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
SummaryThe cryopreservation of epididymal sperm is an important technique that allows genetic material to be preserved, even post mortem. However, cryopreservation leads to increased oxidative stress and impaired sperm viability. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation may improve certain sperm characteristics, but it also makes sperm more susceptible to oxidative stress, therefore adding antioxidants that counteract oxidative stress has become an option. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the interaction between docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and antioxidants on the quality after the cryopreservation of epididymal bull sperm. Twenty epididymides were collected after slaughter, and epididymal sperm was cryopreserved with bovine extender supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). We verified an improvement in motility in the group that was treated only with DHA 5 µM and a concentration-dependent effect on susceptibility to lipid peroxidation that was associated with DHA concentration (1 µM, 5 µM or 10 µM). Moreover, treatment with DHA (5 µM) and SOD (20 IU/ml) resulted in higher sperm motility. Thus, the association between DHA (5 µM) and SOD (20 IU/ml) appears to be an option for increased epididymal sperm features in bulls.
Asunto(s)
Criopreservación/métodos , Ácidos Docosahexaenoicos/farmacología , Glutatión Peroxidasa/farmacología , Preservación de Semen/veterinaria , Superóxido Dismutasa/farmacología , Animales , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Bovinos , Criopreservación/veterinaria , Epidídimo/citología , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Preservación de Semen/métodos , Motilidad EspermáticaRESUMEN
In 2005, a pharmaceutical care service was created in the State of Ceará to provide pharmacotherapeutic follow-up for individuals infected with Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas Disease). After 10 years of operation, an evaluation was conducted to assess the degree of satisfaction of patients treated under the service. This prospective study used a questionnaire comprising the following sections: socioeconomic data; infrastructure, facilities and operations; pharmaceutical care; and importance of the service. Seventy patients of both sexes and over 18 years of age were interviewed between August 2014 and May 2015. As for infrastructure, location and operation, the average grades show a high level of patient satisfaction. Regarding pharmaceutical care, most patients reported being satisfied and considered "being well treated" to be the most important aspect during treatment. In addition, all patients (100%) rated the service as very important and would recommend it to other individuals. Overall, the study showed a high level of patient satisfaction with the service. There is, however, still much to work to be done on this service in order to promote greater access and qualified care to fully achieve a humanized model focused on patient needs.
O Serviço de Atenção Farmacêutica ao paciente com doença de Chagas do estado do Ceará foi criando em 2005, com a finalidade de proporcionar seguimento farmacoterapêutico àqueles com esta morbidade. Decorridos 10 anos de atuação, objetivou-se avaliar a satisfação dos pacientes atendidos no serviço. Tratou-se de um estudo prospectivo, empregando um questionário subdividido nas seções: dados socioeconômicos; infraestrutura, localização e funcionamento; cuidado farmacêutico e importância do serviço. Foram entrevistados 70 pacientes de ambos os sexos e acima de 18 anos, entre agosto de 2014 e maio de 2015. Quanto à infraestrutura, localização e funcionamento, as notas obtidas mostraram que os pacientes estão satisfeitos com os parâmetros analisados. Com relação ao cuidado farmacêutico, a maioria dos pacientes mostrou-se satisfeita, tendo o "ser bem atendido" como aspecto mais importante durante o atendimento. Em relação à importância do serviço, 100% o considerou muito importante e o indicaria para outras pessoas. De modo geral, o estudo demonstrou um alto nível de satisfação com o serviço. Há muito a ser trabalhado neste serviço, como promover maior acesso e qualificação do atendimento, contribuindo para a concretização de um modelo humanizado, centrado nas necessidades do paciente.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Chagas/tratamiento farmacológico , Satisfacción del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Servicios Farmacéuticos/organización & administración , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Resumo O Serviço de Atenção Farmacêutica ao paciente com doença de Chagas do estado do Ceará foi criando em 2005, com a finalidade de proporcionar seguimento farmacoterapêutico àqueles com esta morbidade. Decorridos 10 anos de atuação, objetivou-se avaliar a satisfação dos pacientes atendidos no serviço. Tratou-se de um estudo prospectivo, empregando um questionário subdividido nas seções: dados socioeconômicos; infraestrutura, localização e funcionamento; cuidado farmacêutico e importância do serviço. Foram entrevistados 70 pacientes de ambos os sexos e acima de 18 anos, entre agosto de 2014 e maio de 2015. Quanto à infraestrutura, localização e funcionamento, as notas obtidas mostraram que os pacientes estão satisfeitos com os parâmetros analisados. Com relação ao cuidado farmacêutico, a maioria dos pacientes mostrou-se satisfeita, tendo o "ser bem atendido" como aspecto mais importante durante o atendimento. Em relação à importância do serviço, 100% o considerou muito importante e o indicaria para outras pessoas. De modo geral, o estudo demonstrou um alto nível de satisfação com o serviço. Há muito a ser trabalhado neste serviço, como promover maior acesso e qualificação do atendimento, contribuindo para a concretização de um modelo humanizado, centrado nas necessidades do paciente.
Abstract In 2005, a pharmaceutical care service was created in the State of Ceará to provide pharmacotherapeutic follow-up for individuals infected with Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas Disease). After 10 years of operation, an evaluation was conducted to assess the degree of satisfaction of patients treated under the service. This prospective study used a questionnaire comprising the following sections: socioeconomic data; infrastructure, facilities and operations; pharmaceutical care; and importance of the service. Seventy patients of both sexes and over 18 years of age were interviewed between August 2014 and May 2015. As for infrastructure, location and operation, the average grades show a high level of patient satisfaction. Regarding pharmaceutical care, most patients reported being satisfied and considered "being well treated" to be the most important aspect during treatment. In addition, all patients (100%) rated the service as very important and would recommend it to other individuals. Overall, the study showed a high level of patient satisfaction with the service. There is, however, still much to work to be done on this service in order to promote greater access and qualified care to fully achieve a humanized model focused on patient needs.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Servicios Farmacéuticos/organización & administración , Satisfacción del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedad de Chagas/tratamiento farmacológico , Factores Socioeconómicos , Brasil , Estudios Prospectivos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Introdução: A doença de Chagas (DC) é uma parasitose causada pelo agente infeccioso Trypanosoma cruzi. No Brasil, o tratamento específico da DC é realizado com o Benzonidazol (Bz), que devido à sua toxicidade pode levar ao aparecimento de várias reações adversas aos pacientes que fazem uso deste medicamento. Diante disso, existe uma preocupação em avaliar o paciente antes de iniciar a utilização do Bz, a fim de verificar possíveis alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas que eventualmente possam ser atribuídas à utilização deste medicamento. Objetivo: delinear o perfil dos parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos de pacientes com DC antes da farmacoterapia com Bz. Metodologia: Estudo retrospectivo que avaliou o perfil sociodemográfico e os parâmetros laboratoriais (eritrograma, leucograma, plaquetas, aspartato aminotransferase - TGO, alanina aminotransferase - TGP, ureia e creatinina) de 89 pacientes chagásicos crônicos atendidos no Serviço de Atenção Farmacêutica ao Paciente com doença de Chagas da Universidade Federal do Ceará no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2015. Resultados: A população estudada se caracterizou feminina (52,8%), média de idade de 53,6 anos, de baixa renda e escolaridade, maioria aposentada, procedente do interior do estado do Ceará. No que se refere às análises hematológicas e bioquímicas, observa-se que todos os parâmetros se encontram dentro dos valores de referência. Na comparação entre gêneros, a análise estatística entre as médias demonstrou diferença significativa nos eritrócitos, no hematócrito, na hemoglobina, nas plaquetas e na contagem de linfócitos. Conclusão: Apesar da evidência de um perfil dentro dos valores normais de referência, o acompanhamento desses parâmetros laboratoriais é de suma importância no seguimento do paciente chagásico, visto que as reações adversas podem aparecer bem no início do tratamento com o Benzonidazol, levando muitas vezes à interrupção do medicamento. (AU)
Introduction: Chagas' disease (DC) is a parasite caused by the infectious agent Trypanosoma cruzi. In Brazil, the specific treatment of CD is performed with Benzonidazole (Bz), which due to its toxicity, can lead to the appearance of several adverse reactions to patients who use it. Therefore, there is a certain concern in evaluating the patient before starting the use of Bz, in order to verify possible hematological and biochemical alterations that may be attributed to the use of benzonidazole. Objective: to delineate the profile of the hematological and biochemical parameters of patients with CD before the pharmacotherapy with Bz. Methodology: Retrospective study of sociodemographic and laboratory parameters (erythrogram, leukogram, platelets, aspartate aminotransferase- TGO, alanine aminotransferase - TGP, urea and creatinine) from 89 chronic Chagas' patients treated at the Pharmaceutical Care Service of Federal University of Ceará, the January 2010 to December 2015. Results: The population studied was female (52.8%), mean age 53.6 years, low income and education, retired majority, from the interior of the state of Ceará. As far as hematological and biochemical analysis are concerned, it is observed that all parameters are within the reference values. In the comparison between genders, statistical analysis between means showed a significant difference in erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, platelets and lymphocyte counts. Conclusion: Despite the evidence of a profile within the normal reference values, the follow-up of these laboratory parameters is of paramount importance in the follow-up of the chagasic patient, since adverse reactions may appear well at the beginning of Benzonidazole treatment, often leading to medication interruption. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Chagas , Bioquímica , HematologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION:: Chagas disease (CD) is currently considered a neglected disease; hence, identifying the factors associated with its high prevalence is essential. This study aimed to identify the seroprevalence of and the possible factors associated with CD in inhabitants of the City of Limoeiro do Norte, Northeastern Brazil. METHODS:: Between April and November 2013, blood collection was conducted and a semi-structured questionnaire was administered. Blood samples that showed positive or possible serology for anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies based on indirect immunofluorescence, hemagglutination indirect, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were analyzed. Associations between CD positivity and the study variables were analyzed using prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS:: A total of 812 individuals were analyzed, of which T. cruzi seropositivity was determined in 4.2% (34 individuals). Sociodemographic variables showing a significant association with T. cruzi positivity included age >50 years (PR = 27.6; 95% CI = 6.66-114.4), elementary level education (PR = 5.15; 95% CI = 1.83-14.47), and retirement (PR = 7.25; 95% CI = 3.72-14.14). Positivity for T. cruzi was 6.17 times higher in those who had a history of living in rammed earth houses compared with those who did not (95% CI = 2.19-17.37). There was no evidence of vertical transmission in the individuals studied. Among the individuals infected with T. cruzi, the majority reported having a comorbidity (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:: This study demonstrated the seroprevalence of CD and identified factors associated with a high prevalence of CD.