RESUMEN
Early switching to de-intensified maintenance regimen is still a matter of debate in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The MARTHA trial, a S.I.C.O.G. phase III randomized trial, compared FOLOFIRI+bevacizumab (B) for 12 cycles (6 months) followed by B for up to 12 months (FOLFIRI +B*12 arm) vs FOLFIRI+B for 6 cycles (3 months) followed by capecitabine+B for 4 cycles followed by B for up to 12 months (FOLFIRI+B*6 arm). Chemotherapy-naïve mCRC patients were randomized, primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS), with overall survival (OS) as a secondary endpoint. A novel analysis, the Death Pace Analysis (DPA), was performed to identify patients who benefited from a specific treatment. No PFS difference was seen in 198 enrolled patients (101 in FOLFIRI+B*12, 97 in FOLFIRI+B*6). A non-significant superior OS was observed for FOLFIRI+B*6 (HR 0.74, p 0.098). The DPA demonstrated that 14% of patients were identifiable as FOLFIRI+B*6-benefiting patients. According to a logistic regression analysis including 23 clinicopathological variables, baseline Hb was the only independent predictor of DPA-defined FOLFIRI+B*6-benefit status. Among patients with Hb ≤ 11.1 gr/dL a statistically significant prolonged OS was observed for FOLFIRI+B*6 over FOLFIRI+B*12 (median OS: 20.7 vs 12.6 months, respectively, HR 0.54, p 0.048). No survival difference was observed between arms in patients with Hb > 11.1. mCRC patients with low baseline Hb levels are better treated with FOLFIRI+B*6 first-line strategy. Possible biological explanations for this finding are being investigated.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: We have extensively assessed a biweekly regimen of irinotecan plus folinic acid and fluorouracil bolus (IRIFAFU) in metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC). Here, we report on the safety and activity of BIFF (bevacizumab plus IRIFAFU) regimen in 94 mCRC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Bevacizumab 5 mg/kg (1 hour), and irinotecan 180 mg/m(2) (1 hour) were given intravenously on day 1, 6S-folinic acid 250 mg/m(2) (2 hours), and fluorouracil 850 mg/m(2) (bolus) were given intravenously on day 2 every 2 weeks for a median of 9 cycles per patient (range, 1-12), and maintenance bevacizumab alone was delivered in 16 cases. RESULTS: Grade ≥ 3 hematologic toxicities were neutropenia (50%) and febrile neutropenia (5%). Most common grade 3 nonhematologic side effects were diarrhea (20%), vomiting (7%), nausea (4%), and stomatitis (4%). Severe hypertension (1%) and epistaxis (1%) rarely occurred. Six complete responses and 44 partial responses were registered, giving a response rate of 53% (95% CI, 43%-64%). Median progression-free survival was 11.5 months (95% CI, 9.0-14.0 months). Forty-three (46%) patients eventually died, and the median overall survival was 24.0 months (95% CI, 20.2-27.8 months). CONCLUSION: Bevacizumab appeared to increase the activity of the IRIFAFU regimen without worsening its tolerability. Efficacy of BIFF was comparable with that reported with other bevacizumab plus irinotecan-based combinations.
Asunto(s)
Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/uso terapéutico , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/uso terapéutico , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Fluorouracilo/uso terapéutico , Leucovorina/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Anciano , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de la Angiogénesis/efectos adversos , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/administración & dosificación , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/efectos adversos , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/efectos adversos , Bevacizumab , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Camptotecina/administración & dosificación , Camptotecina/efectos adversos , Camptotecina/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/mortalidad , Intervalos de Confianza , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Fluorouracilo/administración & dosificación , Fluorouracilo/efectos adversos , Humanos , Infusiones Intravenosas , Irinotecán , Italia , Leucovorina/administración & dosificación , Leucovorina/efectos adversos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Riesgo , Análisis de Supervivencia , Complejo Vitamínico B/administración & dosificación , Complejo Vitamínico B/efectos adversos , Complejo Vitamínico B/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To estimate the safety, activity, and impact on quality of life of a combination of gemcitabine and pemetrexed in patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the context of a randomized two-stage phase II study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients in stage IIIB or IV NSCLC were randomly allocated to receive either gemcitabine 1250 mg/m(2) on day 1, and pemetrexed (Alimta) 500 mg/m(2) followed by gemcitabine 1250 mg/m(2) on day 8 of a 3-weekly cycle (GA arm), or paclitaxel 120 mg/m(2) followed by gemcitabine 1000 mg/m(2), both given on days 1 and 8 of a 3-weekly cycle (PG arm). RESULTS: 105 (GA arm, 51; PG arm, 54) eligible patients (stage IV, 32 and 30, respectively) were enrolled into this study; thereafter, accrual was stopped due to first-stage analysis. The response rate was 20% (95% confidence interval [CI], 10-33%) in the GA arm, and 32% (95% CI, 20-46%) in the PG arm. Median progression-free survival was 5.1 (95% CI, 3.7-6.5) months in the GA arm, and 8.3 (95% CI, 5.9-10.7) months in the PG arm, while median overall survival was 10.5 (95% CI 7.1-13.9), and 13.3 (95% CI 11.7-14.9) months, respectively. Severe neutropenia (36% vs 22%), and febrile neutropenia (14% vs 7%) were more common with the GA regimen, while hair loss (52% vs 16%) and any grade peripheral neuropathy (31% vs 2%) occurred more frequently with PG regimen. Other severe side effects of GA regimen were diarrhoea (10%), liver enzyme derangement (10%), and fatigue (8%). CONCLUSION: The GA regimen was tolerated and moderately active in advanced or metastatic NSCLC. However, this combination did not yield any advantage in comparison with the PG regimen, and does not deserve further evaluation.
Asunto(s)
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administración & dosificación , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Glutamatos/administración & dosificación , Guanina/análogos & derivados , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Alopecia/etiología , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/mortalidad , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/fisiopatología , Desoxicitidina/administración & dosificación , Desoxicitidina/efectos adversos , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Glutamatos/efectos adversos , Guanina/administración & dosificación , Guanina/efectos adversos , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidad , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neutropenia/etiología , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/efectos adversos , Pemetrexed , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso Periférico/etiología , Análisis de Supervivencia , GemcitabinaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: This phase II trial assessed the tolerability and efficacy of a triplet of oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and fluorouracil/folinic acid in advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: Patients with unresectable or metastatic gastric cancer, unexposed to palliative chemotherapy, received oxaliplatin 85 mg/m(2) iv and irinotecan 150 mg/m(2) iv on day 1, 6S-folinic acid 250 mg/m(2) iv and fluorouracil 750 mg/m(2) iv on day 2, every 2 weeks. Response rate (RR) was assessed after a minimum of four cycles, and treatment continued up to 12 cycles. RESULTS: Sixty-three patients were treated, with a median of eight (range 1-12) cycles/patient. Two complete and 19 partial responses were registered (RR 33% [95% CI, 22-46%]). Median progression-free survival was 7.5 (95% CI, 5.6-9.4) months, and median overall survival was 12.1 (95% CI, 10.8-13.4) months. Most common grade > or =3 toxicities were neutropenia (59%), febrile neutropenia (7%), vomiting (20%), and diarrhoea (10%). All-grade neurotoxicity affected 33% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and fluorouracil/folinic acid administered every 2 weeks are safe and active in advanced gastric cancer.