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Es un estudio observacional para conocer el uso de los medicamentos descongestivos nasales de uso tópico mediante una encuesta hecha en 6 de las 8 Oficinas de Farmacia de la localidad de Barbate (Cádiz) durante los cinco primeros días de mes desde Julio del 2003 hasta Diciembre del mismo año. Ciento cuatro personas han solicitado al farmacéutico un descongestivo nasal y 99 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión del estudio. Un 50,50% refiere utilizarlos más de 4 semanas. Los adultos jóvenes y los de mediana edad son quienes prolongan más el tratamiento. La mayoría de los entrevistados comprendió el prospecto y pidió consejo a un facultativo médico o farmacéutico o a ambos. El número de aplicaciones por orificio nasal de medicamentos con oximetazolina como principio activo fue 1,51 (DE 0,97), que resultó inferior a lo recomendado en los prospectos. Nuestra conclusión sugiere la modificación de la estrategia de información al paciente con objeto de realizar con ellos una terapeútica farmacológica más adecuada (AU)

This is an observational topical nasal decongestant drug use study conducted within 6 of the 8 pharmacies located at Barbate (Cádiz ) Spain. All pharmacy consultation were conducted the first five days of month between July 2003 and December 2003. A hundred and four subjets came into pharmacy for a topical nasal decongestant and 99 were included in our study. 50,50% refered more than 4 weeks use of topical nasal decongestants. Young and middle age adults resorted to a long term use of the topical agents majority. The drug leaflet contented inside were fully understood in the most cases and patients were on the whole under facultative advised. Dosage of oximetazoline was 1,51 (SD 0,97) per nostril and day, lower than recommendaded at leaflets. We ought to modificate our information management for a rational therapeutic drug use schedule (AU)

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Se analizan de forma breve aspectos de la producción científica aparecida en la revista Archivos de Medicina del Deporte en un período de 19 años (1984-2002). Se elaboró una ficha de cada una de las publicaciones de la revista y los trabajos se catalogaron por secciones: Patología Lesional, Traumatología, Oftalmología, Obstetricia, Psiquiatría, Arte y Deporte, Cirugía, Nutrición, Genética, Microbiología, Farmacología, etc. Durante el período analizado se publicaron 918 trabajos científicos, gran parte de ellos de investigación. Predominan los trabajos de Traumatología (11,87 por ciento), Fisiología del Esfuerzo (11,40 por ciento), Medicina del deporte (7,30 por ciento), Cineantropometría (5,45 por ciento), Patología Lesional (5,34 por ciento) y Cardiología (5,12 por ciento), estando las demás secciones mucho más pobremente representadas (menos del 5 por ciento de los trabajos publicados). Predominan los trabajos firmados por cuatro o más autores (34,86 por ciento), seguidos por los trabajos firmados por un solo autor (31,26 por ciento), dos autores (20,04 por ciento) y tres autores (13,83 por ciento del total de los publicados), siendo la relación autor / trabajo 2,85 ñ 0,09. Predominan los trabajos de autores españoles (76,58 por ciento). Han colaborado en la revista autores europeos, hispanoamericanos y estadounidenses. El porcentaje de publicidad aparecido en la revista es 11,82 ñ 0,09 y desde el año 1997 la revista cuenta con la subvención del Consejo Superior de Deportes a través de la FEMEDE en el ámbito destinado al desarrollo de las Ciencias del Deporte. Se analizan de forma separada las comunicaciones de los dos números especiales correspondientes al VIII y IX Congreso FEMEDE. El número especial del VIII Congreso FEMEDE recoge 133 comunicaciones en su mayoría sobre fisiología del esfuerzo (21,80 por ciento), firmadas con predominio español (94,74 por ciento) y por más de cuatro autores (69,17 por ciento) y una relación autor / trabajo de 4,38 ñ 0,27. El porcentaje de publicidad es de 1,59. El número especial del IX Congreso FEMEDE recoge 290 comunicaciones con predominio de la fisiología del esfuerzo (27,24 por ciento), autores españoles mayoritariamente (71,72 por ciento), firmadas por cuatro o más autores (74,14 por ciento) y una relación autor / trabajo 4,51 ñ 0,32. El porcentaje de publicidad es 4,67 (AU)

In a short format we analyze aspects of the scientific production in the Archivos de Medicina del Deporte during the years 1984-2002. We realice a record of every single paper of the journal and they were classified in sections: Traumatology, Lesional Pathology, Ophthalmology, Obstetrics, Psychiatry, Art & Sport, Surgery, Nutrition, Genetics, Microbiology, Pharmacology, etc. During the period under analysis, 918 scientific papers were published, most of them were research papers. The dominant sections were Traumatology (11,87%), Stress Physiology (11,40%) Sports Medicine (7,30%), Kineanthropometry (5,45%), Lesional Pathology (5,34%) and Cardiology (5,12%), the other ones being much less represented (less than 5% of the published papers). Four or more authors signed most of the papers ( 34,86%), following the papers signed by just one author (31,26%), two authors (20,04%) and three authors (13,83% of the total of the published papers), and the mean ratio author/paper was 2,85 ± 0,09. Regarding origin, 76,58% of the papers come from Spanish Authors. Europeans, hispanoamericans and americans authors have also signed papers in the journal. Publicity´s porcentage appeared at the journal was 11,82 ± 0,09, and since 1997 the journal had the finantial help of the CSD with the participation from FEMEDE to the expansion of the Sport´s Sciences. We analyze separated the communications of 2 Special Numbers corresponding to the VIII and IX FEMEDE Congress. The Special Number of the VIII FEMEDE Congress took 133 Communications most of them abaut Stress Physiology (21,80%), signed by dominant spanish authors (94,73%) and four or more authors (69,17%) and the mean ratio author/paper was 4,38 ± 0,27. The Publicity´s porcentage was 1,59. The Special Number of th IX FEMEDE Congress took 290 Communications most of them abaut Stress Physiology (27,24%), spannish authors principally (71,72%), four or more authors (74,14%) and the mean ratio author/paper 4,51 ± 0,32. The Publicity´s porcentage was 4,67 (AU)

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BACKGROUND: Over the past ten years, new drugs and new approaches to treatment have been implemented making it possible to assume changes in the use of antipsychotic drugs in our environment. This study is aimed at characterizing the pattern of use of antipsychotic drugs in Castile and Leon throughout the 1990-2001 period as well as ascertaining the bearing which the marketing of new antipsychotic drugs may have had on the pattern of consumption of these drugs. METHODS: The drug consumption data was obtained from the Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs' consumption database ECOM (Especialidades Consumo de Medicamentos). This database contains information on the consumption of medications dispensed charged to the Social Insurance system in community pharmacies nationwide. To estimate the consumption outside of the National Health System, data from the IMS (International Marketing Services) firm for the years 2000 and 2001 was used. The data was given in Defined Daily Doses/1000 inhabitants/day. RESULTS: The use of antipsychotic drugs rose by 146% within the 1990-2001 period. Throughout the period studied, haloperidol was the antipsychotic drug most used in Spain and in Castile and Leon. The atypical antipsychotic drugs totaled 49% of the total consumption for 2001 and 90% of the costs, a strong trend being found toward an increase in the consumption of these atypical antipsychotic drugs in detriment to the typical antipsychotic drugs. It has been estimated that 14% of the antipsychotic drugs used in Castile and Leon were used outside of the National Health System.. Appreciable differences exist among the different provinces. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of antipsychotic drugs in Castile and Leon grew by 146% throughout the twelve months studied. The marketing of new atypical antipsychotic drugs and the legal measures related to the deinstitutionalization of mental patients may have played a major role in this increase. The marketing of the new antipsychotic drugs has led to a change in their pattern of use and has give rise to an rise in the direct costs. The consumption of these medications not charged to the National Health System is minor, but not negligible.

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BACKGROUND: Safety profiles of classical and new antidepressants are well established. Hepatotoxicity is known to occur. Recently, several cases of severe hepatic injury associated with the new antidepressants have been reported, prompting us to quantify this risk. METHOD: To estimate the cumulative incidence of hepatic adverse reactions associated with antidepressants, we used cases of hepatic damage collected via spontaneous reporting and included in the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System database; for exposure, we have used data from drug sales to the Spanish National Health System. RESULTS: The estimated reported incidence did not show major differences for the antidepressants studied, ranging from 1.28 cases per 100,000 patient-years for sertraline to 4.00 for clomipramine, except for nefazodone, which was the agent that had the highest incidence with 28.96 cases per 100,000 patient-years. CONCLUSION: The reported incidence of hepatic adverse reactions to nefazodone seems to be higher than that estimated so far. Given the high prevalence of depression and the widespread use of antidepressants, physicians should be alert to the possibility that these medications cause hepatitis and consider early discontinuation of an antidepressant if the condition is suspected.

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El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido conocer la evolución de las tendencias de utilización de insulina y fármacos antidiabéticos orales en España durante la década 1989-1998. Para ello se ha realizado un estudio de utilización de medicamentos longitudinal, descriptivo y retrospectivo que incluyese las especialidades farmacéuticas pertenecientes al grupo Anatómico Terapéutico A10 (antidiabéticos) dispensadas con cargo a la Seguridad Social. El consumo conjunto de insulina y de fármacos antidiabéticos orales ha experimentado un notable incremento durante el periodo estudiado, pasando de 16,02 dosis diarias definidas por 1.000 habitantes y día en 1989 a 32,74 en 1998. En 1998, los dos principios activos más consumidos del grupo fueron la glibenclamida y la acarbosa. La utilización de insulina también ha experimentado un importante incremento, sin embargo, en términos absolutos queda lejos del total de antidiabéticos orales. La aparición de los nuevos sistemas de inyección de insulina y de nuevos antidiabéticos orales como la acarbosa ha podido jugar un papel importante. Un incremento en la prevalencia de esta patología, junto con un mejor diagnóstico y tratamiento de la misma podría explicar una parte del incremento del consumo experimentado por este grupo farmacológico (AU)

The aim of the present study has been to known the trends in the use of insulins and oral antidiabetics in Spain along the period 1989-1998. For this purpose, a longitudinal, descriptive and retrospective study of the use of pharmaceutical products belonging to the anatomical therapeutic group A/0 (antidiabetics) and dispensed at the Social Security expense has been done. Overall insulin and oral antidiabetics consumption has experienced an important increase, from 16.02 defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants per day in 1989 to 32.74 in 1998. In 1998, the most utilized medication was glibenclamide and acarbose. Insulin utilization also increased, though, in absolute values, it remained below that of oral antidiabetics. The introduction in Spain of newer systems to deliver insulin and newer oral antidiabetics like acarbose may have played an important role. An increase in the prevalence, along with a better diagnosis and treatment, may explain a part of the increase in consumption experienced by this pharmacological group (AU)

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